The effect of mirror therapy on balance ability of subacute stroke patients.

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation of subacute stroke patients represents a major challenge. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of mirror therapy on balance ability among subacute stroke patients. METHODS: The patients were assigned to a mirror therapy group (n = 17) or a sham therapy group (n = 17). Participants in the experimental group received mirror therapy and conventional rehabilitation therapy for a total of 60 minutes (mirror therapy: 30 minutes; conventional rehabilitation therapy: 30 minutes) per day, with a 10 minute rest period halfway through the session. Participants in the experimental group received training 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Participants in the control group received sham therapy and conventional rehabilitation therapy for a total of 60 minutes (sham therapy: 30 minutes, conventional rehabilitation therapy: 30 minutes) per day on the same day. Balance Index (BI) scores were obtained using a balance measurement system. RESULTS: A significant difference in post-training gains for the overall stability index and medial and lateral stability index was observed between the experimental group and the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We conclude that mirror therapy may be beneficial in improving balance ability among subacute stroke patients.

The initial effects of an upper extremity neural mobilization technique on muscle fatigue and pressure pain threshold of healthy adults: a randomized control trial.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an upper extremity neural mobilization technique on delayed onset muscle soreness. [Subjects] Forty-five healthy subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: a nerve mobilization group (experimental) and a control group. [Methods] The subjects of the experimental group were administered a median nerve mobilization technique and ultrasound for the biceps brachii muscle. The subjects in the control group were only administered ultrasound for the biceps brachii muscle. Muscle fatigue and the pressure pain threshold were assessed before and after the intervention. [Results] The experimental group showed significant improvements in all variables, compared to pre-intervention. Furthermore, the control group showed significant improvements in the pressure pain threshold, compared to pre-intervention. Significant differences in the post-intervention gains in muscle fatigue and pressure pain threshold were found between the experimental group and the control group. [Conclusion] Application of the upper extremity neural mobilization technique is considered to have a positive effect on recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness.

The effects of mirror therapy on the gait of subacute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mirror therapy on the gait of patients with subacute stroke. DESIGN: Randomized controlled experimental study. SETTING: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital. SUBJECTS: Thirty-four patients with stroke were randomly assigned to two groups: a mirror therapy group (experimental) and a control group. INTERVENTIONS: The stroke patients in the experimental group underwent comprehensive rehabilitation therapy and mirror therapy for the lower limbs. The stroke patients in the control group underwent sham therapy and comprehensive rehabilitation therapy. Participants in both groups received therapy five days per week for four weeks. MAIN MEASURES: Temporospatial gait characteristics, such as single stance, stance phase, step length, stride, swing phase, velocity, and cadence, were assessed before and after the four weeks therapy period. RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in post-training gains for the single stance (10.32 SD 4.14 vs. 6.54 SD 3.23), step length (8.47 SD 4.12 vs. 4.83 SD 2.14), and stride length (17.03 SD 6.57 vs 10.54 SD 4.34) between the experimental group and the control group (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between two groups on stance phase, swing phase, velocity, cadence, and step width (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: We conclude that mirror therapy may be beneficial in improving the effects of stroke on gait ability.

RNA-Seq of an LPS-Induced Inflammation Model Reveals Transcriptional Profile Patterns of Inflammatory Processes.

The LPS-induced inflammation model is widely used for studying inflammatory processes due to its cost-effectiveness, reproducibility, and faithful representation of key hallmarks. While researchers often validate this model using clinical cytokine markers, a comprehensive understanding of gene regulatory mechanisms requires extending investigation beyond these hallmarks. Our study leveraged multiple whole-blood bulk RNA-seq datasets to rigorously compare the transcriptional profiles of the well-established LPS-induced inflammation model with those of several human diseases characterized by systemic inflammation. Beyond conventional inflammation-associated systems, we explored additional systems indirectly associated with inflammatory responses (i.e., ISR, RAAS, and UPR) using a customized core inflammatory gene list. Our cross-condition-validation approach spanned four distinct conditions: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, dengue infection, candidemia infection, and staphylococcus aureus exposure. This analysis approach, utilizing the core gene list aimed to assess the model's suitability for understanding the gene regulatory mechanisms underlying inflammatory processes triggered by diverse factors. Our analysis resulted in elevated expressions of innate immune-associated genes, coinciding with suppressed expressions of adaptive immune-associated genes. Also, upregulation of genes associated with cellular stresses and mitochondrial innate immune responses underscored oxidative stress as a central driver of the corresponding inflammatory processes in both the LPS-induced and other inflammatory contexts.