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BACKGROUND: In recent years, advances in pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have dramatically improved the control of disease activity. However, a significant number of patients still develop forefoot deformity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the results of more than 20 years' follow-up of metatarsal neck shortening oblique osteotomy (SOO) for forefoot deformity in patients with RA. METHODS: The metatarsal neck SOO was performed on 163 feet in 108 patients between January 1985 and December 1996 in the authors' hospital. For the patients, who met the survey criteria, an observational study was performed clinically and radiologically at the baseline and at more than 20 years after surgery. RESULTS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 36 feet in 22 patients, all of whom were female, and the mean age at surgery was 45.6 (35.0-63.0) years old. The follow-up period was 25.1 (21.0-31.0) years. The presence of painful callosities in the surgically treated feet without revised surgeries decreased from 32 feet (100%) to 4 feet (12.5%) at the last follow-up with mild pain that did not cause any footwear problems. Re-osteotomy at the metatarsal of the lessor toe was performed on four feet in two patients. Radiologically, among 128 toes without revised surgeries, 85% were able to have the joint space preserved, and 89% maintained a pain-free condition without any recurrence of deformity. The mean total Japanese Society for Surgery for the Foot (JSSF) RA foot and ankle score was 64.0/100, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) of overall satisfaction was 62 (0: dissatisfied, 100: highly satisfied). The overall satisfaction had a positive correlation with calcaneal pitch and negative correlation with joint space narrowing at the talocrural joint. CONCLUSIONS: Metatarsal neck SOO appeared to be effective for patients with RA. The deformity was corrected and retained for a long time.
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Artritis Reumatoide , Hallux Valgus , Huesos Metatarsianos , Articulación Metatarsofalángica , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Huesos Metatarsianos/diagnóstico por imagen , Huesos Metatarsianos/cirugía , Estudios de Seguimiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Pie , Articulación Metatarsofalángica/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación Metatarsofalángica/cirugía , Artritis Reumatoide/complicaciones , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico por imagen , Artritis Reumatoide/cirugía , Osteotomía/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Hallux Valgus/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The Masquelet method has become increasingly popular for the treatment of bone defects in recent years. In this method, an induced membrane (IM) with abundant blood circulation, stem cells, and osteogenesis-promoting factors is formed by implanting bone cement during the first surgery. This IM stimulates bone formation in the bone defect after implantation of the bone graft during the second surgery. However, the Masquelet method requires two surgeries and thus a longer treatment period. In the present study, we investigated whether bone defects could be reconstructed in a single surgery by introducing a vascular bundle into the bone defect as an alternative to the IM, in addition to bone grafting. METHODS: Thirty-six 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. After creating a 5-mm long bone defect in the femur, a mixture of autologous and artificial bone was grafted into the defect, and a saphenous arteriovenous vascular bundle was introduced. The animals were divided into three groups: the control group (bone defect only), the BG group (bone grafting only), and the BG + V group (bone grafting + vascular bundle introduction). After surgery, radiological and histological evaluations were performed to assess osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone defects. RESULTS: In the BG + V group, significant bone formation was observed in the bone defect on radiological and histological evaluations, and the amount of bone formation was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. Furthermore, cortical bone continuity was observed in many specimens in the BG + V group. On histological evaluation, the number of blood vessels was also significantly higher in the BG + V group than in the other two groups. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the introduction of a vascular bundle in addition to bone grafting can promote bone formation in bone defects and allow for complete bone defect reconstruction in a single surgery.
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Fémur , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Ratas , Animales , Femenino , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Huesos , Osteogénesis , Trasplante Óseo/métodosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty after osteotomy is more technically challenging than primary total hip arthroplasty, especially concerning cup placement. This is attributed to bone morphological abnormalities caused by acetabular bone loss and osteophyte formation. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy compared with those of primary total hip arthroplasty, focusing mainly on acetabular deformity and cup position. METHODS: The study included 22 hips that had undergone rotational acetabular osteotomy and 22 hips in an age- and sex-matched control group of patients who underwent total hip arthroplasties between 2005 and 2020. We analyzed cup abduction and anteversion; lateral, anterior, and posterior cup center-edge angle; hip joint center position; femoral anteversion angle; and presence of acetabular defect using postoperative radiography and computed tomography. Operative results and clinical evaluations were also analyzed. RESULTS: The clinical evaluation showed that the postoperative flexion range of motion was lower in total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy than in primary total hip arthroplasty, although no significant difference was noted in the postoperative total Japanese Orthopedic Association hip score. The operative time was significantly longer in the rotational acetabular osteotomy group than in the control group, but there was no significant difference in blood loss. The lateral cup center-edge angle was significantly higher and the posterior cup center-edge angle was significantly lower in the total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy, suggesting a posterior bone defect existed in the acetabulum. In total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy, the hip joint center was located significantly superior and lateral to the primary total hip arthroplasty. CONCLUSIONS: In total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy, the cup tended to be placed in the superior and lateral positions, where there was more bone volume. The deformity of the acetabulum and the high hip center should be considered for treatment success because they may cause cup instability, limited range of motion, and impingement.
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Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Displasia del Desarrollo de la Cadera , Acetábulo/diagnóstico por imagen , Acetábulo/cirugía , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Articulación de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Cadera/cirugía , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Osteotomía/efectos adversosRESUMEN
The relationship between perioperative clinical course variables and postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients undergoing primary intracranial meningioma resection has not been fully elucidated. We therefore aimed to identify the perioperative clinical course variables that predict postoperative LOS in such patients. We retrospectively collected data concerning demographics, tumor characteristics, and perioperative clinical course variables in 76 patients who underwent primary intracranial meningioma resection between January 2010 and December 2019, and tested for associations with postoperative LOS. Univariate analyses showed that younger age, fewer days to postoperative initiation of standing/walking, preoperative independence in activities of daily living (ADL), and ADL independence one week after surgery were associated with shorter postoperative LOS. Multiple regression analyses with these factors identified that days to stand/walk initiation and ADL independence one week after surgery were associated with postoperative LOS. Based on these results, we conclude that rehabilitation programs that promote early mobilization and the early acquisition of independence may reduce postoperative LOS in patients who undergo primary intracranial meningioma resection.
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Neoplasias Meníngeas , Meningioma , Actividades Cotidianas , Humanos , Tiempo de Internación , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirugía , Meningioma/cirugía , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Massive bone defects after wide resection of malignant bone tumors or a serious injury require treatment using vascularized bone grafts. Although cadaveric bone allografts combined with vascularized bone autografts are currently thought to be ideal in terms of size and durability, this treatment requires the scarification of healthy bone tissue. In a previous study, we attempted to improve this situation by prefabricating a vascularized bone allograft in recipient rats. In this study, we added vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-containing hydroxyapatite/collagen composite (HAp/Col) to a prefabricated vascularized bone allograft to stimulate angiogenesis, which is known to be important for bone formation. METHODS: Sprague Dawley rats (n = 50) were used as donors and Wistar rats (n = 50) as recipients. All rats were 9 weeks old. The recipient rats were divided into five groups according to the use of vascular bundles, HAp/Col, and an additive substance (VEGF). The bone allografts collected from the donors were transplanted into the thigh region of the recipients, and a saphenous vein and 10 µg HAp/Col with VEGF were inserted into the bone allografts through the slit. After 4 weeks, the transplanted bone allografts were harvested, and histologic and genetic evaluations were performed in relation to bone formation and resorption. RESULTS: The results showed that, compared with the control group, the implantation of the vascular bundles and VEGF-containing HAp/Col significantly stimulated angiogenesis and bone formation in the rats with the bone allografts. However, histological and genetic evaluations of bone resorption revealed that resorption was not observed in any group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that VEGF-containing HAp/Col effectively stimulates angiogenesis and bone formation, but not bone resorption, in prefabricated vascularized bone allografts. This method could therefore become a useful tool for treating large bone defects.
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Trasplante Óseo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Aloinjertos , Animales , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We have developed a prefabricated vascularized allo-bone graft (PVAG) by implanting the saphenous vascular bundles of recipient rats into transplanted donor bones in a flow-through manner. We previously demonstrated that the angiogenetic and bone formative abilities of the PVAG are stimulated by the addition of a basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-containing hydroxyapatite/collagen (HAp/Col). This study aimed to demonstrate that the bone union ability of the PVAG is similarly stimulated by the bFGF-containing HAp/Col composite. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley donor rats (n = 32) and Wistar recipient rats (n = 32) were used in this study. The PVAG was fixed to the femur of the recipient rat using K-wire (dimeter: 0.7 mm) pinning, followed by suturing with a 4-0 nylon suture. Recipients were divided into four groups: with or without vascular bundles, and with or without bFGF-containing HAp/Col. Rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after transplantation, and bone union, bone resorption, and angiogenesis were radiologically and histologically evaluated. RESULTS: Radiological analysis revealed a significant increase in callus formation and union rate, while histological analysis showed a significant increase in bone formation and angiogenesis in the group treated with both vascular bundles and bFGF. Bone resorption did not significantly increase in any of the evaluated groups. CONCLUSION: Osteogenic cells, osteoconductive scaffolds, growth factors, and mechanical environment are known to be important factors in the process of fracture healing. The PVAG developed herein contains osteogenic cells, osteoconductive scaffolds, and growth factors. In addition, the PVAG is rigidly fixed to the fracture site, providing a stable mechanical environment. Together, these four factors contributed to a good bone union. Furthermore, this method did not promote bone resorption. Thus, the addition of a vascular bundle and bFGF-containing HAp/Col makes it possible to create an ideal vascularized allo-bone graft for the reconstruction of massive bone defects.
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Durapatita , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos , Animales , Colágeno , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Background Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is known to stimulate bone formation and angiogenesis. Hydroxyapatite/collagen composite (HAp/Col) is also known to have very strong bone conductive activity. In this study, prefabrication of vascularized allogenic bone (allo-bone) graft was attempted in recipients by implanting vascular bundles from recipients into the transplanted allo-bone graft. Furthermore, the effect of bFGF-containing HAp/Col on the prefabricated vascularized allo-bone graft was investigated. Methods In this study, 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were used as donors, and bone grafts were collected from their femora. Thirty-two Wistar rats (recipients) were divided into four groups, and the allo-bone grafts were transplanted into the thigh region. In the experimental groups, one or both of the flow-through saphenous vascular bundles and 100-µg bFGF-containing HAp/Col were implanted into the medullary cavity of the allo-bone grafts. In the control group, neither was implanted. These rats were sacrificed at 4 weeks after transplantation, and bone formation, angiogenesis, and bone resorption in the transplanted allo-bone grafts were evaluated histologically and genetically. Results Bone formation and angiogenesis in the transplanted allo-bone graft were effectively stimulated by implanting vascular bundles or bFGF-containing HAp/Col on both histological and genetic evaluations compared with the control group. The most significant stimulation was observed in the group in which both were implanted. Bone resorption was not stimulated in any group. Conclusion By implanting a flow-through vascular bundle and bFGF-containing HAp/Col, an ideal vascularized allo-bone graft that had high bone formative and angiogenetic activities and did not stimulate bone resorptive activity was prefabricated.
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Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Colágeno , Durapatita , Fémur/trasplante , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Animales , Proteína Morfogenética Ósea 2/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Fémur/efectos de los fármacos , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/farmacología , Supervivencia de Injerto/efectos de los fármacos , Implantes Experimentales , Neovascularización Fisiológica , Oseointegración/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ratas Wistar , Trasplante HomólogoRESUMEN
We attempted to prefabricate vascularized bone allografts by implanting flow-through vascular bundles from recipient rats into transplanted bone allografts. We also applied bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and bisphosphonate into the bone allograft to accelerate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption in the transplanted bone. After prefabrication, bone formation and resorption in the vascularized bone allograft were evaluated radiographically and histologically. We also attempted to transfer the prefabricated vascularized bone allograft onto the femur of recipient rats, and bone union between was subsequently assessed. Bone formation in the transplanted allograft was significantly stimulated with addition of BMP. However, bone resorption was also stimulated by BMP; this stimulated bone resorption caused by BMP was effectively inhibited with addition of bisphosphonate. The bone union rate between transplanted bone allografts and recipient femora was also stimulated by BMP. Bisphosphonate slightly delayed bone union but effectively protected the grafted bone from bone resorption caused by BMP. Our results suggest that prefabrication of vascularized bone allografts can be achieved in the recipient rat by implanting a flow-through vascular bundle from the recipient into the transplanted bone allograft. Combination treatment with BMP and bisphosphonate allows development of an ideal vascularized bone allograft.
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Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/uso terapéutico , Proteína Morfogenética Ósea 2/uso terapéutico , Trasplante Óseo/patología , Difosfonatos/uso terapéutico , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/uso terapéutico , Alendronato/uso terapéutico , Animales , Arterias , Resorción Ósea/prevención & control , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Callo Óseo/patología , Femenino , Fémur/irrigación sanguínea , Fémur/cirugía , Fluoresceínas , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Masculino , Microrradiografía/métodos , Microcirugia/métodos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ratas Wistar , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapéutico , Vena Safena/patología , Muslo/irrigación sanguínea , Conservación de Tejido/métodos , Trasplante HomólogoRESUMEN
The effects of bisphosphonate treatment schedule on fracture healing have not previously been tested. We evaluated the effect of ibandronate dosing interval duration on healing following surgical "fracture" (osteotomy) using a rat femoral fracture model. Six-week-old rats (n = 160) underwent osteotomy and were then allocated into vehicle control (CNT) or an ibandronate treatment group: 5 µg/kg daily (DAY, 5 days/week), 75 µg/kg once every 3 weeks (I-3), 150 µg/kg once every 6 weeks (I-6), resulting in the same total ibandronate dose over the study. Rats were killed after 6 or 18 weeks. At 18 weeks, all fracture lines had disappeared in the CNT and I-6 groups; approximately 10% of fracture lines remained in the DAY and I-3 groups. Ibandronate-treated groups showed large callus areas around the fractures, which shrank between 6 and 18 weeks after surgery; the extent of shrinkage decreased with shorter dosing interval. In histomorphometry, callus remodeling was suppressed by ibandronate; this became more apparent at shorter dose intervals. The structural properties of osteotomized femora were increased in the DAY group compared with CNT, but intrinsic material properties reduced inversely and became closer to those of CNT in response to increased dosing interval. Ibandronate induced formation of large calluses around osteotomies but delayed woven bone remodeling into lamellar bone and reduced intrinsic material properties in a rat fracture model. Extending the dosing interval of intermittent ibandronate treatment appeared to reduce the suppression of callus remodeling caused by ibandronate, which would have delayed healing after osteotomy.
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Difosfonatos/farmacología , Fracturas del Fémur/tratamiento farmacológico , Curación de Fractura/efectos de los fármacos , Osteotomía/métodos , Animales , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/farmacología , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/uso terapéutico , Remodelación Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Difosfonatos/uso terapéutico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Fémur/fisiopatología , Fémur/efectos de los fármacos , Fémur/lesiones , Fémur/fisiología , Curación de Fractura/fisiología , Ácido Ibandrónico , Radiografía , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
In the surgical management of Dupuytren contracture (DC), Y-V plasty (YV) and Z-plasty (ZP) are techniques often used for skin extension. However, achieving sufficient skin extension with these procedures alone is often difficult. Therefore, we addressed this issue with an adjunctive digito-lateral flap (DLF) and report the clinical results of the surgery using a DLF in addition to YV and ZP. Fifteen patients with DC (15 affected fingers) underwent partial fasciectomy using a DLF in addition to YV or ZP, and early active finger extension training was performed immediately after the operation. The flap survival rate, preoperative and postoperative extension angle, Tonkin contracture improvement (TCI) rate, and Tubiana staging grades were evaluated. The contracture sites were at 4 proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and 3 metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints of the little finger and 4 PIP and MP joints each of the ring and little fingers. All the flaps survived, and the extension angle improved at the final observation from a preoperative mean of -45° to -3° and -55° to 5° for the PIP and MP joints, respectively. One patient with PIP joint contracture treated in the early stage of the study experienced a persistent 5° limitation of extension, even though the TCI rate was satisfactory (91.9%) and the outcome was "good." Full extension of the joints was achieved in 15 patients, in whom the TCI rate was 100% and the outcome was "very good." This technique was able to solve 3 important steps to achieve full extension: intraoperatively, wound closure, and rehabilitation. We attained and maintained long-term full extension intraoperatively and immediately after surgery and obtained very good treatment results, as shown in this study. In conclusion, highly favorable clinical outcomes were achieved through the combination of a DLF with YV and ZP. Skin extension with a DLF is a useful surgical technique for DC.
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Contractura , Contractura de Dupuytren , Contractura de Dupuytren/cirugía , Fasciotomía/métodos , Articulaciones de los Dedos/cirugía , Dedos/cirugía , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: The use of volar locking plates (VLPs) for distal radius fractures has remarkably improved clinical outcomes; however, there are some reports of delayed recovery of grip strength. Since January 2019, we have been conducting an early and proactive grip strength training program (EGTP). In this program, 20 minutes of grip strength training-using a gripper with a load of 0.7 kg-was initiated from 2âweeks after surgery; the load was then gradually increased. From 6âweeks postsurgery, daily home grip strength training was performed using a gripper with a load of 5âkg, provided to the patient.We investigated whether the introduction of the EGTP could lead to earlier recovery of grip strength. We also examined whether the EGTP caused postoperative correction loss at the fractured site, or contributed to the early improvement of wrist function.Thirty-nine patients who underwent surgery using VLPs for distal radius fractures were included in this study; 20 followed the EGTP (EGTP group) and 19 patients did not (NGTP group). For these patients, grip strength and range of motion of the wrist joint were evaluated both 3 and 6âmonths postoperatively. The Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (qDASH) scores were also evaluated 6âmonths postoperatively. Additionally, corrective losses of radial inclination (RI), palmar tilt (PT), and ulnar variance (UV)-occurring from immediately postsurgery to 6âmonths after surgery-were evaluated.At both 3 and 6âmonths postoperatively, the grip strength of the EGTP group was significantly higher than that of the NGTP group. Regarding range of motion, only palmar flexion was significantly improved in the EGTP group at 3âmonths postoperatively. Conversely, no differences in corrective losses of RI, PT, and UV, or in qDASH scores, were observed between the two groups.The results of this study suggest that the EGTP can provide early recovery of grip strength and palmar flexion of the wrist without causing corrective loss at the fracture site.
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Fracturas del Radio , Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Placas Óseas/efectos adversos , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Fuerza de la Mano , Humanos , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: : Fitting a femoral prosthesis in a transfemoral amputee with a very short amputation stump is challenging. This case report aimed to introduce an effective and simple method that can preserve the residual limb length by the implantation of antibiotic-loaded bone cement for the treatment of a patient with femoral periprosthetic infection. CASE: : A 30-year-old man who had osteosarcoma at the age of 13 years underwent transfemoral amputation 17 years after the initial surgery because of periprosthetic infection. Antibiotic-loaded bone cement was inserted into the infected bone marrow to control the residual infection and to preserve the stump length. The infection resolved, and the patient regained functional gait using a femoral prosthesis. DISCUSSION: : This case report demonstrates the usefulness of antibiotic-loaded cement in preserving the length of residual limbs and for femoral prosthesis fitting after periprosthetic infection. Maintaining the residual bone length is crucial in amputees for the functional fitting of femoral prostheses. The use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement has potential as a simple and useful surgical option in amputees after periprosthetic infection.
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ABSTRACT: This article introduces our lasso loop technique (LLT) using a bioabsorbable thread for the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures with displaced dorsal bone fragment containing articular surface (DBF). We also examined whether the articular gap is sufficiently reduced and maintained by the LLT, along with the results of other radiological and clinical evaluations. We retrospectively reviewed 19 patients who underwent LLT for intra-articular distal radius fracture with a displaced DBF. Patient radiographic images and medical records were used to investigate radiological characteristics, symptoms, physical findings, and the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores. Sagittal-view computed tomography showed that the mean preoperative articular gap was 2.6âmm, but the gap was reduced by LLT, and the gap immediately postoperatively was <1.0âmm in all patients. No re-displacement of the DBF was evident from immediately postoperatively to 6âmonths postoperatively. Postoperatively, no losses of correction in palmar tilt, radial inclination, or ulnar variance were seen in the evaluation of plain radiographs, and satisfactory joint range of motion, grip strength, and the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score were obtained. No significant complications due to LLT were observed. LLT appears to offer a simple and effective procedure to reduce displaced DBF with little risk of complications. LLT may become a useful option in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures with displaced DBF.
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Implantes Absorbibles , Artroscopía/métodos , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Fracturas del Radio/cirugía , Técnicas de Sutura , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fracturas del Radio/diagnóstico por imagen , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIM: Advanced undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) has a poor prognosis and there are few treatments that can improve overall survival. Recently, Rapalink-1, a third-generation mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitor, has been developed and shown to be effective against other tumours. However, mTOR inhibitors have been shown to induce autophagy and resistance to anti-cancer drugs. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of Rapalink-1 with an autophagy inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The antitumor effect of Rapalink-1 and/or hydroxychloroquine in three UPS cell lines was examined via cell viability analysis, western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Rapalink-1 decreased cell proliferation and inhibited the PI3K/mTOR pathway. Combined treatment with Rapalink-1 and hydroxychloroquine enhanced the antitumor effect compared to treatment with Rapalink-1 alone by blocking the autophagy-inducing effect of mTOR inhibitors. CONCLUSION: Combined treatment with Rapalink-1 and hydroxychloroquine may be used as a potential therapeutic agent against UPS.
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Apoptosis , Autofagia , Hidroxicloroquina/farmacología , Sarcoma/patología , Sirolimus/análogos & derivados , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proliferación Celular , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Sarcoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Sarcoma/metabolismo , Sirolimus/farmacología , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: We report the clinical results and problems of combined administration of rifampicin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin (REC) for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection of the hand (hand MAC).Participants included 7 patients with hand MAC. After resection of the infected lesion, REC was prescribed for 12âmonths. For these patients, the site of infection, clinical course after initiation of REC, adverse drug effects (ADEs), and incidence of recurrence were evaluated.Sites of infection were the flexor tenosynovium in 5 patients, extensor tenosynovium in 1 patient, and both flexor and extensor tenosynovium in 1 patient. ADEs of REC occurred in 5 patients, and included visual disturbance caused by ethambutol in 2 patients, liver function abnormality caused by rifampicin in 2 patients, and fever with diarrhea caused by rifampicin in 1 patient. For 2 of these 5 patients, desensitization therapy was applied and REC was able to be reinstated. In the remaining 3 patients, the causative drugs were discontinued and levofloxacin, a new quinolone, was administered. Complete healing was achieved in 5 patients, and recurrence was observed in 2 patients. These 2 patients with recurrence included 1 patient in whom REC was completed and 1 patient in whom REC therapy was modified due to ADE.REC provided relatively good clinical results as a treatment for hand MAC. However, recurrences were observed even after the completion of REC and the use of an alternative drug. Optimal duration of REC and appropriate alternative drugs need to be identified in the future.
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Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Claritromicina/administración & dosificación , Etambutol/administración & dosificación , Complejo Mycobacterium avium , Infección por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/tratamiento farmacológico , Rifampin/administración & dosificación , Tenosinovitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Mano/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infección por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/microbiología , Tenosinovitis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Nodular fasciitis is a benign myofibroblastic proliferation arising from the fascia. Until now, there have been only two reported cases of intra-articular nodular fasciitis in the elbow joint. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a 19-year-old woman with a 3-month history of pain in the left elbow. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intra-articular lobulated mass on the anterior portion of the elbow joint, with accompanying effusion. The patient subsequently underwent arthroscopic excision of the mass. Histologically, intra-articular nodular fasciitis was the final diagnosis. At the most recent follow-up, 20 months after surgery, the patient had no subjective symptoms, including pain. The final MRI findings showed no tumor recurrence. DISCUSSION: As nodular fasciitis is not generally known to arise within a joint, the occurrence at such anatomical locations may lead to a misdiagnosis. Intra-articular nodular fasciitis is rarely encountered, and therefore, is not usually considered during the clinical investigation of joint symptoms. CONCLUSION: Preoperative diagnosis was difficult in this case because of nonspecific preoperative clinical findings. Although histological examination is necessary to establish a diagnosis, we recommend that intra-articular nodular fasciitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of intra-articular mass lesions.
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INTRODUCTION: Because osteoporotic patients are prone to fractures, it must be considered whether or not patients undergoing drug therapies should discontinue treatment after sustaining a non-vertebral fracture. This study has tested the effect of novel active vitamin D3 analog, 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-2beta(3-hydroxypropoxy)vitamin D3 (ED-71), on the fracture healing comparing with a powerful anti-resorptive agent, alendronate, using a rat femoral fracture model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female SD rats (n=201) allocated into 6 groups were treated with MCT-vehicle and ED-71 at 0.025 and 0.05 microg/kg/day (EDL and EDH groups), and with saline-vehicle and alendronate at 5 and 10 microg/kg/day (ALL and ALH groups). After 4 weeks of pretreatment, osteotomy of the femur was performed. Treatment was continued until sacrifice at 6 and 16 weeks post-fracture. Fracture callus was evaluated by soft X-ray radiography, pQCT, biomechanical testing and histomorphometry. RESULTS: At 16 weeks post-fracture, new cortical shell appeared in 100% of Control (MCT and saline-vehicle), EDL and EHL, and in 67% and 56% of ALL and ALH, respectively. ED-71 treatment showed insignificantly large callus area only at 6 weeks, while alendronate treatment induced bigger callus at both 6 and 16 weeks post-fracture. The lamellar/callus area was decreased only at 6 weeks by ED-71 treatment, but both at 6 and 16 weeks by alendronate treatment. Osteoclast number in callus surface was decreased in both ED-71 and alendronate treatment groups at 6 weeks and in EDH, ALL and ALH at 16 weeks, indicating that ED-71 inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption, but its effect is less prominent than alendronate. Almost complete callus remodeling was observed in ED-71-treated groups at 16 weeks without any significant change in structural and material properties of fractured bone. CONCLUSIONS: ED-71 suppression of callus remodeling by inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption was mild and dose-dependent and did not interfere with natural fracture healing process at 16 weeks post-fracture.
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Remodelación Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Callo Óseo/efectos de los fármacos , Calcitriol/análogos & derivados , Fracturas del Fémur , Fémur/fisiología , Curación de Fractura/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfatasa Ácida/análisis , Animales , Callo Óseo/citología , Callo Óseo/diagnóstico por imagen , Calcitriol/administración & dosificación , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fémur/efectos de los fármacos , Isoenzimas/análisis , Radiografía , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente , Vitamina D/análogos & derivadosRESUMEN
Several studies in rats have demonstrated that parathyroid hormone accelerates fracture healing by increasing callus formation or stimulating callus remodeling. However the effect of PTH on fracture healing has not been tested using large animals with Haversian remodeling system. Using cynomolgus monkey that has intracortical remodeling similar to humans, we examined whether intermittent treatment with human parathyroid hormone [hPTH(1-34)] accelerates the fracture healing process, especially callus remodeling, and restores geometrical shapes and mechanical properties of osteotomized bone. Seventeen female cynomolgus monkeys aged 18-19 years were allocated into three groups: control (CNT, n=6), low-dose PTH (0.75 microg/kg; PTH-L, n=6), and high-dose PTH (7.5 microg/kg; PTH-H, n=5) groups. In all animals, twice a week subcutaneous injection was given for 3 weeks. Then fracture was produced surgically by transversely cutting the midshaft of the right femur and fixing with stainless plate. After fracture, intermittent PTH treatment was continued until sacrifice at 26 weeks after surgery. The femora were assessed by soft X-ray, three-point bending mechanical test, histomorphometry, and degree of mineralization in bone (DMB) measurement. Soft X-ray showed that complete bone union occurred in all groups, regardless of treatment. Ultimate stress and elastic modulus in fractured femur were significantly higher in PTH-H than in CNT. Total area and percent bone area of the femur were significantly lower in both PTH-L and PTH-H than in CNT. Callus porosity decreased dose-dependently following PTH treatment. Mean DMB of callus was significantly higher in PTH-H than in CNT or PTH-L. These results suggested that PTH decreased callus size and accelerated callus maturation in the fractured femora. PTH accelerates the natural fracture healing process by shrinking callus size and increasing degree of mineralization of the fracture callus, thereby restoring intrinsic material properties of osteotomized femur shaft in cynomolgus monkeys although there were no significant differences among the groups for structural parameters.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur/tratamiento farmacológico , Fémur/fisiología , Curación de Fractura/efectos de los fármacos , Osteotomía , Hormona Paratiroidea/farmacología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/farmacología , Animales , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Fémur/etiología , Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fémur/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Macaca fascicularis , RadiografíaRESUMEN
RATIONALE: For localized type Volkmann's contracture, in which degeneration of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) muscle to one or two fingers and restriction of finger extension occur, dissection or excision of the affected muscle is usually recommended. However, these surgical procedures need relatively wide exposure of the muscle, because the FDP muscle is in the deep portion of the forearm. PATIENT CONCERNS: In this report, the case of a 35-year-old woman with localized type Volkmann's contracture is presented. Her left forearm had been compressed with an industrial roller 4 months earlier, and severe flexion contracture of the long finger and mild flexion contracture of the ring finger developed gradually. DIAGNOSES:: localized type Volkmann's contracture. INTERVENTION: Five months after the injury, transection of the FDP tendon to the long finger and transfer of the transected tendon to the FDP tendon to the index finger was performed after adjusting the tonus of these two tendons using a small skin incision. This procedure was followed by a tension-reduced early mobilization technique in which a tension-reduced position of the tendon suture site was maintained by taping the long finger to the volar side of the index finger, and then immediate active range of motion (ROM) exercise was started. OUTCOMES: Within 9 weeks after surgery, full ROM had been regained. LESSONS: Using the treatment procedure presented in this case report, a good clinical result was obtained in a minimally invasive manner.
Asunto(s)
Dedos , Contractura Isquémica , Transferencia Tendinosa/métodos , Tendones , Adulto , Ambulación Precoz/métodos , Femenino , Dedos/fisiopatología , Dedos/cirugía , Humanos , Contractura Isquémica/diagnóstico , Contractura Isquémica/etiología , Contractura Isquémica/fisiopatología , Contractura Isquémica/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Recuperación de la Función , Tendones/fisiopatología , Tendones/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) occurs frequently in the humeral capitellum of the upper extremity, whereas OCD involving the trochlear groove (trochlear groove OCD) is rarely reported. A standard treatment for trochlear groove OCD has therefore not been determined, although several methods have been tried.The case of a 14-year-old male gymnast with bilateral trochlear groove OCD is presented. Retrograde drilling from the lateral condyle of the humerus was applied for the OCD lesion of the left elbow, since it was larger in size than that in the right elbow and was symptomatic. Conversely, since the right lesion was small and asymptomatic, it was managed conservatively.After treatment, consolidation of the OCD lesions was observed in both elbows. However, the time to healing was shorter in the left elbow treated surgically than in the right elbow managed conservatively.In conclusion, retrograde drilling is a very simple and minimally invasive treatment. This case suggests that retrograde drilling for trochlear groove OCD may be a useful procedure that may accelerate the healing process for OCD lesions.