RESUMEN
In the spring of 2015, avian influenza virus surveillance in Western Siberia resulted in isolation of several influenza H5N1 virus strains. The strains were isolated from several wild bird species. Investigation of biological features of those strains demonstrated their high pathogenicity for mammals. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene showed that the strains belong to clade 2.3.2.1c.
Asunto(s)
Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/clasificación , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Gripe Aviar/virología , Animales , Animales Salvajes/virología , Aves/virología , Genes Virales , Glicoproteínas Hemaglutininas del Virus de la Influenza/genética , Humanos , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Gripe Humana/virología , Filogenia , SiberiaRESUMEN
AIM: Complex characteristic by phenotype signs and main virulence genes of Yersinia enterocolitica strains circulating in various regions of Russian Federation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 46 strains of Y. enterocolitica of 2 - 4 biotypes and 401 strains of Y. enterocolitica IA biotype isolated in 15 administrative territories of Russian Federation (Siberian, Far Eastern, Northwestern, Urals Federal Districts) from infected people, rodents, agricultural animals, birds, the environment were studied. Phagotyping was performed in the reference laboratory of the Pasteur Institute (Paris). All the Y. enterocolitica cultures were studied for the presence of ail, ystB and ystA genes by PCR method. Presence of virulence plasmid pYVwas determined by gel electrophoresis by T. Kieser method. RESULTS: 447 strains of Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A and 2 - 4 were studied. Most of the strains belonged to serotypes O:3; O:9; O: 5; O: 6,30; O:6,31; O:7,8. Phagotyping was performed for part of the strains. Phagotypes Xz and Xo were determined in biotype 1A strains. 2 - 4 biotype strains circulating in Siberia and the Far East were characterized by phagotype VIII, X3 that are present in other countries, and phagotype Xz that is spread only in Russia. Phagotypes IXa, IXb, II that are characteristic for strains from Canada, South Africa, Japan were not detected in Russian Federation. All the strains of 2 - 4 biotypes had ail and ystA genes. Most of the recently isolated strains had pYV. The only pathogenicity factor detected in 81.3% of biotype 1A strains including 14 strains from patients was ystB gene. These infections were accompanied by an expressed clinical symptomatology of enteritis and enterocolitis. CONCLUSION: Isolation of 1A biotype strains from patients necessitates execution of diagnostic studies of intestinal yersiniosis in patients with diagnosis "acute intestinal infection of undetermined etiology".
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Animales/microbiología , Proteínas de la Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Enterotoxinas/genética , Factores de Virulencia/genética , Yersiniosis/microbiología , Yersinia enterocolitica/genética , Enfermedades de los Animales/epidemiología , Animales , Proteínas de la Membrana Bacteriana Externa/aislamiento & purificación , Toxinas Bacterianas/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Aves , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Enterotoxinas/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Humanos , Ganado , Masculino , Plásmidos/genética , Plásmidos/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Roedores , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Siberia/epidemiología , Factores de Virulencia/aislamiento & purificación , Yersiniosis/epidemiología , Yersinia enterocolitica/aislamiento & purificación , Yersinia enterocolitica/patogenicidadRESUMEN
Results of inspection 451 persons in the age of from 19 till 58 years and 2 children in the age of till 2 years on presence of specific antibodies and RNA of the infuenza virus A (H5N1) are submitted. RNA of infuenza virus A (H5N1) in researched samples is not revealed. Specific antibodies to a infuenza virus A (H5N1) in a blood serum of 211 patients and donors it is not revealed.
Asunto(s)
Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Gripe Humana/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Humanos , Lactante , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Gripe Humana/sangre , Gripe Humana/virología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mucosa Nasal/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Viral/genética , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , SiberiaRESUMEN
Course intragastric administration of ultralow doses of human gamma-interferon antibodies (ULD anti-IFN-gamma) to intact mice resulted in an increase of endogenous IFN-gamma production by the animal lymphocytes. Oral prophylactic administration of ULD anti-IFN-gamma significantly lowered the influenza virus concentration in the animal lungs at the initial stage of the aerogenous infection: in 2 (p = 0.05) and 3 (p = 0.07) days after the contamination. The therapeutic antiviral effect of ULD anti-IFN-gamma in mice with influenza was evident from a significant decrease of the influenza virus concentration in the lungs of the animals on the 4th (p = 0.05) and 5th (p = 0.07) days after the contamination. The antiviral effect of ULD anti-IFN-gamma after the prophylactic and therapeutic use is likely provided by induction of endogenous IFN-gamma.