Relationship between mean platelet volume and central serous chorioretinopathy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mean platelet volume (MPV) of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Thirty patients were included in the study. Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. All patients and control subjects underwent complete ocular examination. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet count, and MPV of the participants were recorded. Data of patients with CSCR were compared with the control subjects. Patients with CSCR had significantly higher MPV values (9.76 ± 1.36 fL) compared with the control subjects (8.37 ± 0.72 fL) (p = 0.004). No significant difference was found in platelet counts between the CSCR group and the control group (259 ± 53.75 and 243 ± 52.11 K/Ul, p = 0.253). According to the receiver operator characteristics curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value of MPV to predict the CSCR was >9.4, with 60.0 % sensitivity and 93.3 % specificity. Our results demonstrated that the MPV values were significantly higher in patients with CSCR. MPV may be used as a predictive tool for identifying risk for CSCR.

Evaluation of choroidal thickness changes after phacoemulsification surgery.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of uneventful phacoemulsification surgery on choroidal thickness (CT) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS: In this prospective study, 38 eyes of 38 patients having phacoemulsification surgery were included. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmologic examination, including preoperative axial length (AXL) measurement with optical biometry and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. The CT was measured perpendicularly at the fovea and 1.5 mm temporal, 3.0 mm temporal, 1.5 mm nasal, and 3.0 mm nasal using SD-OCT preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. Changes in the CT after surgery and correlation of this change with age, AXL, preoperative IOP, and IOP change were evaluated. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant increase in the CT at all regions evaluated. This increment was more prominent in the nasal and subfoveal regions. The IOP decreased significantly 1 month after surgery (16.14±4.94 mmHg vs 13.91±4.86 mmHg; P<0.001). The change in IOP was correlated with the CT changes at all regions, whereas age, AXL, and preoperative IOP had no significant correlations with the changes in CT. CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification surgery may cause significant increase in CT, which is correlated with surgery-induced IOP change in the short term. Long-term follow-up of eyes having phacoemulsification surgery may provide further insight into the effects of cataract surgery on the choroid.

Evaluation of inner and outer retinal thickness in patients receiving intravitreal ranibizumab injections for diabetic macular edema.

PURPOSE: To measure inner and outer retinal thickness with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients in whom intravitreal ranibizumab was administered due to diabetic macular edema (DME) and to investigate its relation to the visual prognosis. METHODS: In this retrospective case series, there were 60 consecutive eyes with DME in which intravitreal ranibizumab injection was performed for 3 times in 1-month intervals. All patients underwent full ophthalmic examination and spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT). The total retinal thickness, the inner thickness, and the outer thickness in 4 parafoveal subfields were measured. The correlation between the retinal thickness and logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was investigated. RESULTS: No significant correlation was found between the total retinal thickness in the central and other subfields and either the baseline or final visit logMAR BCVA values (p>0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the final visit logMAR BCVA values and pretreatment inner retinal thickness in the nasal and inferior subfields (r = 0.270, p = 0.037, and r = 0.410, p = 0.001, respectively). There was significant negative correlation between the final visit logMAR BCVA values and pretreatment outer retinal thickness in nasal and temporal parafoveal subfields (r = -0.297, p = 0.021, and r = -0.268, p = 0.038, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: It could be beneficial to use inner and outer retinal thickness instead of total retinal thickness in determination of short-term prognosis in patients who had intravitreal ranibizumab injection for DME.

Association Between Overactive Bladder and Polyneuropathy in Diabetic Patients.

PURPOSE: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that often leads to complications. We aimed to correlate two complications of DM, polyneuropathy and hyperactive bladder syndrome, using noninvasive measures, such as screening tests. METHODS: We included 80 female and 40 male type 2 diabetic patients in this prospective study. Diabetic polyneuropathy evaluations were conducted using the Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions (DN4), and overactive bladder (OAB) evaluations were performed using the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-V8). The patients were also evaluated for retinopathy and nephropathy. The diabetic male and female patients with or without OAB were chosen and compared for microvascular complications (polyneuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy). RESULTS: There were no significant correlations between OAB and retinopathy as well as between OAB and nephropathy among diabetic patients (female patients, P>0.05; male patients, P>0.05 ). However, the patients with OAB were significantly more likely to develop polyneuropathy (female patients, P<0.05; male patients, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetic patients, OAB and diabetic peripheral neuropathy are significantly correlated. These correlations were demonstrated using short, understandable, valid, and reliable disease-specific tests without invasive measures. Using these screening tests, both neurologists and urologists can easily diagnose these complications.

The Association between Diabetic Retinopathy and Levels of Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Total Thiol, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Total Oxidative Stress in Serum and Aqueous Humor.

Purpose. To investigate the oxidant and antioxidant status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Methods. Forty-four patients who had cataract surgery were enrolled in the study. We included 22 patients with DRP in one group and 22 patients in the control group. Samples of aqueous humor and serum were taken from all patients. Serum and aqueous ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total thiol, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels were compared in two groups. Results. Median serum IMA levels were 44.80 absorbance units in the DRP group and 40.15 absorbance units in the control group (P = 0.031). Median serum total thiol levels in the DRP group were significantly less than those in the control group (3051.13 and 3910.12, resp., P = 0.004). Mean TOS levels in the serum were 2.93 ± 0.19 in the DRP group and 2.61 ± 0.26 in the control group (P = 0.039). The differences in mean total thiol, TAC, and TOS levels in the aqueous humor and mean TAC levels in the serum were not statistically significant. Conclusion. IMA, total thiol, and TOS levels in the serum might be useful markers in monitoring the risk of DRP development.