What is the relationship of varicose vein pathogenesis with collagen fibers?

Aims and Background: In this study, the densities of collagen 1 and collagen 4, which are an effective vascular component in the remodelling of varicose veins, were investigated. Materials and Methods: The study included primary varicose vein samples of 20 patients and vein samples of 20 healthy controls. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using collagen 1 and collagen 4 antibodies. Histochemical staining was performed using Masson Trichrome. Results: In the immunohistochemical analysis of varicose samples, collagen 1 immunostaining was negative in 17 cases (85%) and positive in 3 cases (15%). In healthy venous tissue samples, collagen 1 immunostaining was negative in 12 cases (60%) and positive in 8 cases (40%). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups concerning collagen 1 immunostaining (p > 0.05). In varicose samples, collagen 4 immunostaining was negative in 4 cases (20%) and positive in 16 cases (80%). In healthy venous tissue samples, collagen 4 immunostaining was negative in 13 cases (65%) and positive in 7 cases (35%). Statistical comparison of healthy veins and varicose veins concerning collagen 4 immunostaining showed a significant difference (p = 0.03). In the histochemical analysis of varicose samples, Masson Trichrome staining was negative in 4 cases (20%) and positive in 16 cases (80%). In healthy venous tissue samples, Masson Trichrome staining was negative in 18 cases (90%) and positive in 2 cases (10%). Statistical comparison of healthy veins and varicose veins concerning collagen 4 immunostaining showed a significant difference (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The change in the density of collagen types plays an important role in vein wall remodeling.

Nesfatin 1: a promising biomarker predicting successful reperfusion after coronary artery bypass surgery.

OBJECTIVES: Nesfatin-1 is an antiiflammatory, antiapoptotic, and anorexigenic peptide that has many roles in cardiomyocyte metabolism and viability. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the alterations in serum nesfatin-1 levels of the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operation due to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 49 patients (30 men, 19 women) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Serum nesfatin-1 levels were measured from venous blood samples of the patients collected before and three months after the operation. The relationship of nesfatin-1 levels with accompanying conditions was also analyzed. RESULTS: Nesfatin-1 levels at third month, postoperatively, were significantly higher than preoperative nesfatin-1 levels of the patients (41.94±13.90 pg/ml and 27.06±8.01pg/ml, respectively; p<0.001). Both preoperative and postoperative nesfatin-1 levels were negatively correlated with age (p<0.001). The postoperative increase in nesfatin-1 levels was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in nondiabetic patients (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that serum nesfatin-1 levels increased significantly in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operation. Nesfatin-1 level may have a role in assessing myocardial perfusion during the follow-up of these patients (Tab. 4, Fig. 4, Ref. 25).