RESUMEN
Cytokines can initiate and perpetuate human diseases, and are among the best-validated of therapeutic targets. Cytokines can be blocked by the use of soluble receptors; however, the use of this approach for cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-13 that use multi-component receptor systems is limited because monomeric soluble receptors generally exhibit low affinity or function as agonists. We describe here a generally applicable method to create very high-affinity blockers called 'cytokine traps' consisting of fusions between the constant region of IgG and the extracellular domains of two distinct cytokine receptor components involved in binding the cytokine. Traps potently block cytokines in vitro and in vivo and represent a substantial advance in creating novel therapeutic candidates for cytokine-driven diseases.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Citocinas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Citocinas/metabolismo , Fragmentos Fc de Inmunoglobulinas/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Receptores de Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Animales , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/inmunología , División Celular/fisiología , Línea Celular , Receptor gp130 de Citocinas , Citocinas/inmunología , Dimerización , Humanos , Fragmentos Fc de Inmunoglobulinas/genética , Fragmentos Fc de Inmunoglobulinas/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina G/genética , Inmunoglobulina G/inmunología , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/inmunología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Unión Proteica , Distribución Aleatoria , Receptores de Interleucina-6/genética , Receptores de Interleucina-6/inmunología , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/inmunología , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
There is an urgent demand to develop new technologies to characterize immunogenicity to biotherapeutics. Here, we developed an immunocapture LC-MS assay to isotype and semi-quantify monkey anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) to fully human monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs. ADAs were isolated from serum samples using an immunocapture step with the Fab of the full-length mAb cross-linked to magnetic beads to minimize matrix interference. A positive monoclonal antibody control against the human immunoglobulin kappa light chain was used as a calibration standard for ADA quantitation. The final LC-MS method contains 17 multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions and an optimized 15-min LC method. The results suggested that IgG1 was the most abundant isotype in ADA-positive samples. IgG2 and IgG4 were identified at lower levels, whereas IgG3 and IgA levels were only observed at very minor levels. In addition, levels of total ADA measured by the LC-MS assay were comparable to results obtained using a traditional ligand binding assay (LBA). The LC-MS ADA assay enabled rapid immunogenicity assessment with additional isotype information that LBAs cannot provide.