Dengue Infection During Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Dengue is a rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease, posing significant public health challenges in tropical and subtropical regions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal dengue virus infection and adverse birth outcomes. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and web of science databases until April 2024. Observational studies examining the association between laboratory-confirmed maternal dengue infection and adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), stillbirth, and postpartum haemorrhage were included. Data were extracted, and risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analysis models were used to pool data in R software (V 4.3). Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of preterm birth among dengue-affected pregnancies was 18.3% (95% CI: 12.6%-25.8%), with an OR of 1.21 (95% CI: 0.78-1.89). For LBW, the pooled prevalence was 17.1% (95% CI: 10.4%-26.6%), with an OR of 1.00 (95% CI: 0.69-1.41). SGA had a pooled prevalence of 11.2% (95% CI: 2.7%-36.9%) and an OR of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.41-2.14). The prevalence of stillbirth was 3.3% (95% CI: 1.6%-6.8%), with significant associations found in some studies (RR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.09-6.57). Postpartum haemorrhage had an OR of 1.97 (95% CI: 0.53-2.69). While maternal dengue infection was associated with a higher prevalence of preterm birth and LBW, the associations were not statistically significant. Significant associations were observed for stillbirth in specific studies. Further research with standardized methodologies is needed to clarify these relationships and identify potential mechanisms.

Predictors of acute kidney injury in dengue patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dengue infection poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Among its severe complications, Acute kidney injury (AKI) stands out due to its association with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burdens. This Meta-analysis aim to identify and evaluate the predictors of AKI among dengue patients, facilitating early detection and management strategies to mitigate AKI's impact. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, covering literature up to February 2024. We included human observational studies reporting on AKI predictors in confirmed dengue cases. Nested-Knowledge software was used for screening and data extraction. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. R software (V 4.3) was utilized to compute pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each predictor. RESULTS: Our search yielded nine studies involving diverse geographic locations and patient demographics. A total of 9,198 patients were included in the studies, with 542 diagnosed with AKI. in which key predictors of AKI identified include severe forms of dengue (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.02-3.42), male gender (OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.82-4.44), comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.298, 95% CI: 0.274-6.322), and chronic kidney disease (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 0.42-11.24), as well as co-infections and clinical manifestations like rhabdomyolysis and major bleeding. CONCLUSION: Our study identifies several predictors of AKI in dengue patients. These findings indicate the importance of early identification and intervention for high-risk individuals. Future research should focus on standardizing AKI diagnostic criteria within the dengue context and exploring the mechanisms underlying these associations to improve patient care and outcomes.

An Updated Review Summarizing the Pharmaceutical Efficacy of Genistein and its Nanoformulations in Ovarian Carcinoma.

Implementing lifestyle interventions as a primary prevention strategy is a cost-effective approach to reducing the occurrence of cancer, which is a significant contributor to illness and death globally. Recent advanced studies have uncovered the crucial role of nutrients in safeguarding women's health and preventing disorders. Genistein is an abundant isoflavonoid found in soybeans. Genistein functions as a chemotherapeutic drug against various forms of cancer, primarily by modifying apoptosis, the cell cycle, and angiogenesis and suppressing metastasis. Furthermore, Genistein has demonstrated diverse outcomes in women, contingent upon their physiological characteristics, such as being in the early or postmenopausal stages. The primary categories of gynecologic cancers are cervical, ovarian, uterine, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. Understanding the precise mechanism by which Genistein acts on ovarian cancer could contribute to the advancement of anti-breast cancer treatments, particularly in situations where no specific targeted therapies are currently known or accessible. Additional investigation into the molecular action of Genistein has the potential to facilitate the development of a plant-derived cancer medication that has fewer harmful effects. This research could also help overcome drug resistance and prevent the occurrence of ovarian cancers.

Understanding the role of miRNAs in cervical cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic responses.

Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common cancer in women and poses a serious threat to health. Despite familiarity with the factors affecting its etiology, initiation, progression, treatment strategies, and even resistance to therapy, it is considered a significant problem for women. However, several factors have greatly affected the previous aspects of CC progression and treatment in recent decades. miRNAs are short non-coding RNA sequences that regulate gene expression by inhibiting translation of the target mRNA. miRNAs play a crucial role in CC pathogenesis by promoting cancer stem cell (CSC) proliferation, postponing apoptosis, continuing the cell cycle, and promoting invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Similarly, miRNAs influence important CC-related molecular pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, Wnt/ß-catenin system, JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, miRNAs affect the response of CC patients to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Consequently, this review aims to provide an acquainted summary of onco miRNAs and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs and their potential role in CC pathogenesis and therapy responses by focusing on the molecular pathways that drive them.

Ferroptosis targeting natural compounds as a promising approach for developing potent liver cancer agents.

Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. However, treatment options, including surgical resection, transplantation, and molecular drug therapies, are of limited effectiveness. Recent studies have demonstrated that suppressing ferroptosis might be a pivotal signal for liver cancer initiation, thus providing a new way to combat liver cancer. Ferroptosis is a distinct form of controlled cell death that differs from conventional cell death routes like apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. It results from intracellular iron overload, which raises iron-dependent reactive oxygen species. This, in turn, leads to the accumulation of lipid peroxides that further result in oxidative damage to cell membranes, disrupt normal functioning, and ultimately speed up the ferroptosis phenomenon. Ferroptosis regulation is intricately linked to cellular physiological processes, encompassing iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the equilibrium between oxygen-free radical reactions and lipid peroxidation. This review intends to summarize the natural compounds targeting ferroptosis in liver cancer to offer new therapeutic ideas for liver cancer. Furthermore, it serves as the foundation for identifying and applying chemical medicines and natural chemicals that target ferroptosis to treat liver cancer efficiently.

Naringenin as potent anticancer phytocompound in breast carcinoma: from mechanistic approach to nanoformulations based therapeutics.

The bioactive compounds present in citrus fruits are gaining broader acceptance in oncology. Numerous studies have deciphered naringenin's antioxidant and anticancer potential in human and animal studies. Naringenin (NGE) potentially suppresses cancer progression, thereby improving the health of cancer patients. The pleiotropic anticancer properties of naringenin include inhibition of the synthesis of growth factors and cytokines, inhibition of the cell cycle, and modification of several cellular signaling pathways. As an herbal remedy, naringenin has significant pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-cancer activities. The inactivation of carcinogens following treatment with pure naringenin, naringenin-loaded nanoparticles, and naringenin combined with anti-cancer agents was demonstrated by data in vitro and in vivo studies. These studies included colon cancer, lung neoplasms, breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate tumors, oral squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, brain tumors, skin cancer, cervical and ovarian cancers, bladder neoplasms, gastric cancer, and osteosarcoma. The effects of naringenin on processes related to inflammation, apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion in breast cancer are covered in this narrative review, along with its potential to develop novel and secure anticancer medications.