Exploring Attitudes Toward "Sugar Relationships" Across 87 Countries: A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship.

The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia.

In the mind of Narcissus: The mediating role of emotional regulation in the emergence of distorted cognitions.

INTRODUCTION: Currently narcissism is considered one of the most widespread phenomenon. As a consequence, its different types (grandiose and vulnerable narcissism) have been investigated from several different perspectives. The present research attempts to explore the differences between the two types of narcissism and their links with different cognitive components that are connected to these personality traits. The primary aim of our study is to investigate the possible connections among maladaptive schemas (entitlement, vulnerability, emotional deprivation) and cognitive evaluation systems (self-esteem, systemizing-empathizing) and narcissism. METHODS: We applied both correlation and path analyses to explore the hypothesized associations. RESULTS: The results show that early maladaptive schemas are strongly associated with narcissism and the empathizing system. The different subtypes of narcissism have different connections with self-esteem. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the two types of narcissism have different manifestations and connections with the early maladaptive schemas, Emphatizing Quotient, and self-esteem. Our empirical results serve as important and empirically supported inputs to counseling and clinical practice.

Modulation of Functional Phosphorylation Sites by Basic Residues in the Unique Domain of c-Src.

In contrast to the well-studied canonical regulatory mechanisms, the way by which the recently discovered Src N-terminal regulatory element (SNRE) modulates Src activity is not yet well understood. Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues modulates the charge distribution along the disordered region of the SNRE and may affect a fuzzy complex with the SH3 domain that is believed to act as an information transduction element. The pre-existing positively charged sites can interact with the newly introduced phosphate groups by modulating their acidity, introducing local conformational restrictions, or by coupling various phosphosites into a functional unit. In this paper, we use pH-dependent NMR measurements combined with single point mutations to identify the interactions of basic residues with physiologically important phosphorylated residues and to characterize the effect of these interactions in neighbor residues, thus providing insight into the electrostatic network in the isolated disordered regions and in the entire SNRE. From a methodological point of view, the linear relationships observed between the mutation-induced pKa changes of the phosphate groups of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine and the pH-induced chemical shifts of the NH groups of these residues provide a very convenient alternative to identify interacting phosphate groups without the need to introduce point mutations on specific basic residues.

Off-pathway 3D-structure provides protection against spontaneous Asn/Asp isomerization: shielding proteins Achilles heel.

Spontaneous deamidation prompted backbone isomerization of Asn/Asp residues resulting in - most cases - the insertion of an extra methylene group into the backbone poses a threat to the structural integrity of proteins. Here we present a systematical analysis of how temperature, pH, presence of charged residues, but most importantly backbone conformation and dynamics affect isomerization rates as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance in the case of designed peptide-models. We demonstrate that restricted mobility (such as being part of a secondary structural element) may safeguard against isomerization, but this protective factor is most effective in the case of off-pathway folds which can slow the reaction by several magnitudes compared to their on-pathway counterparts. We show that the geometric descriptors of the initial nucleophilic attack of the isomerization can be used to classify local conformation and contribute to the design of stable protein drugs, antibodies or the assessment of the severity of mutations.At any ­Asn/AspGly­ sites in proteins a spontaneous backbone isomerization occurs within days under physiological conditions leading to various forms of proteopathy. This unwanted transformation especially harmful to long-lived proteins (e.g. hemoglobin and crystallins), can be slowed down, though never stopped, by a rigid three-dimensional protein fold, if it can delay in the conformational maze, on-pathway intermediates from occurring.

Why Hungarians Have Sex (YSEX?-HSF).

Using the same methodology as Meston and Buss (2007), three studies were conducted on a Hungarian sample (total N = 4913) which corroborate previous findings on the universal diversity of sexual motivation. Study 1 (N = 2728; 1069 women and 1659 men) identified 197 reasons for having sex based on participants' free responses. In Study 2 (N = 1161; 820 women and 341 men), participants indicated the extent to which each of the 197 reasons had led them to have sexual intercourse. Factor analyses yielded three factors and 24 subfactors. This differed from the original YSEX? four-factor questionnaire. In Study 3 (N = 1024; 578 women and 446 men), a reliable and valid 73-item short form version of the YSEX? questionnaire was developed in a Hungarian sample (YSEX?-HSF). In addition to similarities and differences in the factor structure, we found important links between reasons for having sex and age, gender, personality, and mating strategy. For example, number of reasons for having sex tended be higher in younger compared to older participants. Men exceeded women on having sex for novelty-seeking and infidelity opportunities, whereas women exceeded men on having sex for relationship commitment and mate retention. Extraversion and neuroticism were linked with reasons for having sex, and those who pursued a short-term mating strategy reported having sex for a larger variety of reasons.

Reducing the Nighttime Fears of Young Children Through a Brief Parent-Delivered Treatment-Effectiveness of the Hungarian Version of Uncle Lightfoot.

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy of a brief intervention, and to determine for whom the treatment works. 73 children between 3 and 8 years of age with significant nighttime fears were enrolled in an intervention group (n = 36) or in a waitlist group (n = 37). The intervention involved a 5-week parent delivered therapy. Assessments took place at baseline, post-treatment, and 20 weeks following baseline. In the intervention group, compared with the waitlist group, nighttime-related fears and phobic symptoms decreased more, whereas adaptive nighttime behavior increased to a greater extent. The more time children spent with exposure and relaxation games during the intervention, the more their separation anxiety and maladaptive nighttime behavior were reduced. Girls' fear of darkness was reduced to a greater extent. The present study provides support for the use of parent-delivered therapy in the treatment of childhood nighttime fears.

[Relationship between parental socialization goals and adolescents' satisfaction with life].

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Separation from parents and finding an identity are among the most important tasks of adolescence. To successfully solve these tasks parental and family support are essential. Parental socialization goals are a set of values that offers adolescents to identify with on the one hand and affects the parent-child relationship on the other hand. Through identification and relational processes, parental socialization goals could be related to adolescents' satisfaction with life. In our study, we investigated the organization of parental socialization goals in parents of adolescents. On the other hand, we wanted to reveal the potential link between parental socialization goals and adolescents' satisfaction with life. METHOD: Ninety-eight families with two biological parents and adolescents (51 boys and 47 girls) participated in our study. Both parents completed a questionnaire on parental socialization goals. We also used a questionnaire to have adolescents report their satisfaction with life. RESULTS: Maternal and paternal socialization goals with regard to interdependence formed two components. The two components were labelled obedience-oriented parenting goals and other-oriented parenting goals. Maternal and paternal socialization goals with regard to independence formed two components based on the person of the parent. We labelled these components maternal identity-oriented parenting goals and paternal identity-oriented parenting goals. Adolescents' satisfaction with life positively correlated with obedience-oriented parenting goals. CONCLUSIONS: Results are discussed with regard to age-relevant characteristics of the relationship between adolescents and their families. The unexpected positive link between obedience-oriented parenting goals and adolescents' satis faction with life can be solved with a focus on concepts relevant to adolescence (identity development), parenting (parenting practices), and family (family relational schemata).

The development of a short version of TEMPS-A in Hungarian non-clinical samples.

BACKGROUND: The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) is a widely used measure of affective temperaments. Affective temperaments refer to people's prevailing moods and are important precursors of affective disorders. With the two studies presented in this paper, we aimed to develop a short version of the Hungarian TEMPS-A. METHODS: A total number of 1857 university students participated in two studies. The original 110-item version and the newly developed short version of TEMPS-A, the anger, depression, and anxiety scales of the PROMIS Emotional Distress item bank, the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the Well-Being Index were administered to participants. RESULTS: Out of the original 110 items, 40 items of TEMPS-A loaded on five factors that represented the five affective temperaments. Factors of the short version showed moderate to strong correlations with their original counterparts. All factors had good to excellent internal reliability. Factors of the newly developed short version of TEMPSA showed meaningful correlations with measures of emotional distress, mania, and indices of psychological well-being. CONCLUSIONS: The short version of the Hungarian TEMPS-A is a promising instrument both in clinical fields and for academic research. The newly developed short version proved to be a valid and reliable measure of affective temperaments.

[Experiences with the validation of the Hungarian version of Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form: predicting personality disorders based on self-report inventory].

INTRODUCTION: The recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) provided a dimensional model of personality disorders grounded on the empirical validated concept of maladaptive personality traits. Accordingly, based on this model, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) enables the identification of maladaptive personality traits in 5 dimensions: Negative Affect, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition and Psychoticism. Former studies showed, that this self-report measure can reliably predict the likelihood of the development of personality disorders. AIM: We aimed to develop the Hungarian version of the PID-5-BF and to verify its construct-, concurrent-, predictive-, and discriminative validity. METHOD: Based on the results of former studies regarding PID-5-BF, we asked 379 participants to fill out several selfreport measures. Besides PID-5-BF, the Bipolar Rating Scale for the Big Five Personality, the Unconventionality subscale from the Openness scale of the HEXACO model and the Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders-25 were also administered. RESULTS: According to the original 5 factor version, the fit of our model was acceptable (CFI = 0,868; RMSEA = 0,061 [90% CI = 0,055 - 0,068]; Cronbach-alpha = 0,61-0,79). In our view, the results vindicate the reliability and validity of the Hungarian PID-5-BF. CONCLUSIONS: According to former studies along with our recent findings, the PID-5-BF can be seen as an effective and reliable self-report scale for clinical studies and at the same time, it may be useful for the psychiatric diagnostic process, mainly in the case of personality disorders. With more clinical data and knowledge, this inventory could be useful for psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in planning of clinical treatment.

Challenging drug target for Parkinson's disease: Pathological complex of the chameleon TPPP/p25 and alpha-synuclein proteins.

The hallmarks of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies, Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP/p25) and α-synuclein (SYN) have two key features: they are disordered and co-enriched/co-localized in brain inclusions. These Neomorphic Moonlighting Proteins display both physiological and pathological functions due to their interactions with distinct partners. To achieve the selective targeting of the pathological TPPP/p25-SYN but not the physiological TPPP/p25-tubulin complex, their interfaces were identified as a specific innovative strategy for the development of anti-Parkinson drugs. Therefore, the interactions of TPPP/p25 with tubulin and SYN were characterized which suggested the involvements of the 178-187 aa and 147-156 aa segments in the complexation of TPPP/p25 with tubulin and SYN, respectively. However, various truncated and deletion mutants reduced but did not abolish the interactions except one mutant; in addition synthetized fragments corresponding to the potential binding segments of TPPP/p25 failed to interact with SYN. In fact, the studies of the multiple interactions at molecular and cellular levels revealed the high conformational plasticity, chameleon feature, of TPPP/p25 that ensures exceptional functional resilience; the lack of previously identified binding segments could be replaced by other segments. The experimental results are underlined by distinct bioinformatics tools. All these data revealed that although targeting chameleon proteins is a challenging task, nevertheless, the validation of a drug target can be achieved by identifying the interface of complexes of the partner proteins existing at the given pathological conditions.

[Relationship between Machiavellianism and emotional and behavioral difficulties in adolescence]. / A machiavellizmus kapcsolata viselkedéses és pszichés problémákkal serdülokorban.

INTRODUCTION: Machiavellianism is a personality trait that is characterized by intense interpersonal manipulation in order to achieve personal material goals. Previous studies revealed a relationship between Machiavellianism and diverse forms of psychological difficulties in adults. AIM: Studies also revealed such relationships in adolescents as well, but studies investigating the relationship between Machiavellianism and psychological difficulties in adolescents are still absent in Hungary. METHOD: In this study 502 secondary school students (356 girls) filled out questionnaires that measured Machiavellianism and psychological and behavioral difficulties. RESULTS: Machiavellianism was associated with higher total problem score. This resulted mainly from higher scores on scales measuring emotional and behavioral problems. Moreover, hyperactivity and lack of prosocial behavior were also associated with Machiavellianism. At the same time, Machiavellian adolescents did not differ in self-reported loneliness from their peers. CONCLUSIONS: The author discusses the results in the light of previous research and from the perspective of emotion and behavior regulation. Practical aspects of the results are also discussed in the context of prevention.

DYNLL2 dynein light chain binds to an extended linear motif of myosin 5a tail that has structural plasticity.

LC8 dynein light chains (DYNLL) are conserved homodimeric eukaryotic hub proteins that participate in diverse cellular processes. Among the binding partners of DYNLL2, myosin 5a (myo5a) is a motor protein involved in cargo transport. Here we provide a profound characterization of the DYNLL2 binding motif of myo5a in free and DYNLL2-bound form by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and molecular dynamics simulations. In the free form, the DYNLL2 binding region, located in an intrinsically disordered domain of the myo5a tail, has a nascent helical character. The motif becomes structured and folds into a ß-strand upon binding to DYNLL2. Despite differences of the myo5a sequence from the consensus binding motif, one peptide is accommodated in each of the parallel DYNLL2 binding grooves, as for all other known partners. Interestingly, while the core motif shows a similar interaction pattern in the binding groove as seen in other complexes, the flanking residues make several additional contacts, thereby lengthening the binding motif. The N-terminal extension folds back and partially blocks the free edge of the ß-sheet formed by the binding motif itself. The C-terminal extension contacts the dimer interface and interacts with symmetry-related residues of the second myo5a peptide. The involvement of flanking residues of the core binding site of myo5a could modify the quaternary structure of the full-length myo5a and affect its biological functions. Our results deepen the knowledge of the diverse partner recognition of DYNLL proteins and provide an example of a Janus-faced linear motif.

[Machiavellianism and personality disorder: correlations in the mirror of personal relationships]. / Machiavellizmus és személyiségzavar összefüggései az interperszonális kapcsolatok tükrében.

INTRODUCTION: Social and personality psychologists have described Machiavellianism as a pragmatic, callous-unemotional, exploitative and manipulative attitude towards others. Several former studies linked Machiavellian personality traits and interpersonal problems or personality dysfunction. AIM: The aim of this study was to reveal the connection between Machiavellianism and interpersonal problems that are characteristic of personality disorders. METHOD: 252 participants (146 females and 106 males, aged 32.46±5.39 years, mean±SD) filled out self-report measures of Machiavellianism and personality disorder related interpersonal problems. RESULTS: There was a medium strength relationships between Machiavellianism and several interpersonal problems. Aggression and ambivalence proved to be significant predictors of Machiavellian personality traits. CONCLUSIONS: RESULTS are discussed in relation to the patient-therapist bond.

[Relationship between early maladaptive schemas, attachment quality and fear of darkness]. / Korai maladaptív sémák és kötodési minoség összefüggései a sötéttol való félelemmel.

INTRODUCTION: Although fear of darkness is most common in childhood, it is also a remarkable phenomenon in young adulthood. AIM: To examine the relationship between fear of darkness, early maladaptive schemas and attachment quality in young adults and assess fear related sex differences. METHOD: A self-developed scale was used to measure fear of darkness' intensity and frequency. Young Schema Questionnaire - Short Form and two scales that measure attachment dimensions were also applied. 120 university students (68 women, 52 men) filled in the tests. RESULTS: Fear of darkness' frequency correlated with avoidant attachment, and intensity with independent and anxious attachment. Fear of darkness variables correlated with several early maladaptive schemas. Women reported more frequent and intensive fear of darkness than men. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that the elevated level of fear of darkness is related to specific cognitive style and attachment quality. This highlights the potential clinical relevance of fear of darkness.

[Fear of the dark in adolescence and emerging adulthood: general model, gender and age differences]. / A sötéttol való félelem serdulo - és fiatal felnottkorban: általános modell, nemi és életkori különbségek.

INTRODUCTION: In our study we investigated fear of the dark in adolescence and emerging adulthood. First, we define fear and anxiety, which constitute together fear of the dark. We present the cognitive and interactionist models of fear, individual differences that affect the formation and maintenance of fear and the developmental aspects of this topic. The aim of our study was to map the phenomenon in adolescence and emerging adulthood, with respect to gender and age differences, and individual factors that affect the genesis of fear of the dark. METHODS: 83 secondary school (34 females) and 57 university students (29 females) filled our survey package. To measure the frequency of fear of the dark we used a self-developed scale. Our subjects also reported about the content and origin of their fears, and coping strategies applied against these fears. Individual differences were operationalized as trait anxiety, dysfunctional attitudes and self-esteem. RESULTS: 71 per cent of respondents reported to have experienced fear of dark at least rarely. Women - compared to men - indicated imagination as source of their fears, and were more likely to use avoidance, attention detraction and social support as coping. University students - compared to secondary school students - reported negative information as origin of their fears, and preferred avoidance as a mode of coping with them. Contents of fear showed no significant difference between either genders or age groups. In a pathway model we found that gender had a direct effect on the frequency of fear of the dark. Dysfunctional attitudes affected the frequency of fear via trait anxiety and low selfesteem. CONCLUSIONS: Fear of the dark effects a significant proportion of adolescents and emerging adults even in a non-clinical sample. Our results confirm and supplement former results concerning gender and age differences. The pathway model could prove to be an important empirical base for the treatment of fears and anxieties.

[Investigation of the compulsive and impulsive behavioral addictions among adolescents]. / Kompulzív és impulzív viselkedési zavarok vizsgálata serdülokorban.

INTRODUCTION: Recently there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on behavioral addictions. The aim of our research was to examine the behavioral addictions among adolescents and prove their connection with emotion regulation difficulties. Based on the compulsive-impulsive spectrum approach of addictions we hypothesized that the compulsive and impulsive forms of eating disorders (binge eating, emotional eating and restriction) - despite their various symptom structure - share a common motive, i.e. the emotion regulation deficit. METHODS: Our participants were high-school students (n = 272) between the age of 16 and 17 (128 males and 144 females, mean age: 16,8). We used the impulse- and emotion control subscales on the emotional stability dimension of the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ), the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21), the Hungarian Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIH-K) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). RESULTS: We found a strong connection between the uncontrolled eating and the problematic internet use (r = 0,404; p < 0,05). As expected, the individuals' skill of emotion regulation and their impulsiveness are both strongly correlated to these impulsive disorders (see Table 1.) Interestingly the cognitive restriction (r=0,073; p>0,05) and emotional eating (r=0,061; p>0,05) did not correlate with emotion regulation difficulties. There was a connection between the emotional eating and the emotion- (r=-0,264; p<0,05) and impulse control deficit (r=-0,142; p<0,05), however. CONCLUSION: On the basis of these results we argue that the impulsive behavior of the adolescents (binge eating, problematic internet use) is determined by their impulsivity and their emotion regulation strategy. However, a compulsive behavior such as the cognitive restraint is regarded as a much more conscious and healthy behavior, the core feature of the emotional eating is also assumes a high anxiety level.

Master corepressor inactivation through multivalent SLiM-induced polymerization mediated by the oncogene suppressor RAI2.

While the elucidation of regulatory mechanisms of folded proteins is facilitated due to their amenability to high-resolution structural characterization, investigation of these mechanisms in disordered proteins is more challenging due to their structural heterogeneity, which can be captured by a variety of biophysical approaches. Here, we used the transcriptional master corepressor CtBP, which binds the putative metastasis suppressor RAI2 through repetitive SLiMs, as a model system. Using cryo-electron microscopy embedded in an integrative structural biology approach, we show that RAI2 unexpectedly induces CtBP polymerization through filaments of stacked tetrameric CtBP layers. These filaments lead to RAI2-mediated CtBP nuclear foci and relieve its corepressor function in RAI2-expressing cancer cells. The impact of RAI2-mediated CtBP loss-of-function is illustrated by the analysis of a diverse cohort of prostate cancer patients, which reveals a substantial decrease in RAI2 in advanced treatment-resistant cancer subtypes. As RAI2-like SLiM motifs are found in a wide range of organisms, including pathogenic viruses, our findings serve as a paradigm for diverse functional effects through multivalent interaction-mediated polymerization by disordered proteins in healthy and diseased conditions.

Structural insights into the Trp-cage folding intermediate formation.

The 20 residue long Trp-cage is the smallest protein known, and thus has been the subject of several in vitro and in silico folding studies. Here, we report the multistate folding scenario of the miniprotein in atomic detail. We detected and characterized different intermediate states by temperature dependent NMR measurements of the (15)N and (13)C/(15)N labeled protein, both at neutral and acidic pH values. We developed a deconvolution technique to characterize the invisible--fully folded, unfolded and intermediate--fast exchanging states. Using nonlinear fitting methods we can obtain both the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH(F-I), T(m)(F-I), ΔC(p)(F-I) and ΔH(I-U), T(m)(I-U), ΔC(p)(I-U)) and the NMR chemical shifts of the conformers of the multistate unfolding process. During the unfolding of Trp-cage distinct intermediates evolve: a fast-exchanging intermediate is present under neutral conditions, whereas a slow-exchanging intermediate-pair emerges at acidic pH. The fast-exchanging intermediate has a native-like structure with a short α-helix in the G(11)-G(15) segment, whereas the slow-exchanging intermediate-pair presents elevated dynamics, with no detectable native-like residue contacts in which the G(11)-P(12) peptide bond has either cis or trans conformation. Heteronuclear relaxation studies combined with MD simulations revealed the source of backbone mobility and the nature of structural rearrangements during these transitions. The ability to detect structural and dynamic information about folding intermediates in vitro provides an excellent opportunity to gain new insights into the energetic aspects of the energy landscape of protein folding. Our new experimental data offer exceptional testing ground for further computational simulations.

[Impact of attachment to God and religious coping on life satisfaction]. / Az Istenhez való kötodés és a vallásos megküzdés szerepe az élettel való elégedettségben.

INTRODUCTION: Effects of religiosity on satisfaction with life, mental and physical health are highly favored topics of psychology. At the same time, less attention has been directed to how individual differences in religiosity affect believers' satisfaction with life. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment to God, religious coping and satisfaction with life. METHOD: A group of Roman Catholics (n = 94; 49 women and 45 men; age, 30.8±6.2 years) filled in our the survey package. The survey package contained the following measures: Attachment to God Inventory, Brief Religious Coping Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. RESULTS: Negative religious coping and anxious attachment to God predicted lower satisfaction with life, even if demographic variables were controlled for. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that negative image of God is an important predictor of low satisfaction with life, which in turn can have negative impact on believers' mental and physical health. Orv. Hetil., 154(46), 1843-1847.

[Teachers' knowledge about suicide and its connection to burn-out and avoidant coping]. / Tanárok öngyilkossággal kapcsolatos ismeretei, különös tekintettel a kiégésre és az elkerülo megküzdésre.

INTRODUCTION: Priority of suicide prevention is so-called "gatekeepers" ("helper professionals'") training on suicidology. Teachers' knowledge concerning suicide was examined mainly in search for the answer to the question whether poor knowledge of suicidology is just a result of lack of information. Assuming that the extent of suicidology knowledge is a complex issue, ignorance might be related to burnout and avoidant coping. METHODS: Teachers participating in compulsory postgradual training were tested (N = 102). Hungarian version of the short form of Hubbard McIntosh's suicide questionnaire, Maslach's burnout questionnaire for teachers and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-48) were used. RESULTS: Our results show that teachers' knowledge concerning suicide is somewhat worse than that of helpers, but better than the that of the average population. Avoidant coping style was more typical of teachers having poorer knowledge about suicide; and education professionals with less task oriented coping style reported greater knowledge of this subject. Authors therefore suggest a link between avoidant coping and the extent of knowledge concerning suicide. Relationship of avoidant coping with burnout was not confirmed, but a mediational model could be set up regarding male participants. CONCLUSION: Suicide prevention trainings are definitely of high importance and utility among teachers. Based on our results it seems equally important to help them overcome the cultural taboos related to the topic, to provide them with psychological support and to enable them to discuss their own suicide-related experiences and personal involvement in professional-led groups.