Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 2 de 2
Filtrar
Más filtros

Banco de datos
Tipo del documento
Asunto de la revista
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 20(12): 2809-2817.e28, 2022 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34890795

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The increasing rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus may lead to increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to determine the current and recent trends on the global and regional prevalence of NAFLD. METHODS: Systematic search from inception to March 26, 2020 was performed without language restrictions. Two authors independently performed screening and data extraction. We performed meta-regression to determine trends in NAFLD prevalence. RESULTS: We identified 17,244 articles from literature search and included 245 eligible studies involving 5,399,254 individuals. The pooled global prevalence of NAFLD was 29.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.6%-31.1%); of these, 82.5% of included articles used ultrasound to diagnose NAFLD, with prevalence of 30.6% (95% CI, 29.2%-32.0%). South America (3 studies, 5716 individuals) and North America (4 studies, 18,236 individuals) had the highest NAFLD prevalence at 35.7% (95% CI, 34.0%-37.5%) and 35.3% (95% CI, 25.4%-45.9%), respectively. From 1991 to 2019, trend analysis showed NAFLD increased from 21.9% to 37.3% (yearly increase of 0.7%, P < .0001), with South America showing the most rapid change of 2.7% per year, followed by Europe at 1.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Despite regional variation, the global prevalence of NAFLD is increasing overall. Policy makers must work toward reversing the current trends by increasing awareness of NAFLD and promoting healthy lifestyle environments.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Humanos , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Obesidad/epidemiología , Tamizaje Masivo
2.
Hepatology ; 74(2): 656-666, 2021 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33706421

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Real-world data for treatment effectiveness and renal outcomes in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who were switched to the new and safer prodrug tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate treatment and renal outcomes of this population. APPROACH AND RESULTS: We analyzed 834 patients with CHB previously treated with TDF for ≥12 months who were switched to TAF in routine practice at 13 US and Asian centers for changes in viral (HBV DNA < 20 IU/mL), biochemical (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] < 35/25 U/L for male/female), and complete (viral+biochemical) responses, as well as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; milliliters per minute per 1.73 square meters) up to 96 weeks after switch. Viral suppression (P < 0.001) and ALT normalization (P = 0.003) rates increased significantly after switch, with a trend for increasing complete response (Ptrend = 0.004), while the eGFR trend (Ptrend  > 0.44) or mean eGFR (P > 0.83, adjusted for age, sex, baseline eGFR, and diabetes, hypertension, or cirrhosis by generalized linear modeling) remained stable. However, among those with baseline eGFR < 90 (chronic kidney disease [CKD] stage ≥2), mean eGFR decreased significantly while on TDF (P = 0.029) but not after TAF switch (P = 0.90). By week 96, 21% (55/267) of patients with CKD stage 2 at switch improved to stage 1 and 35% (30/85) of CKD stage 3-5 patients improved to stage 2 and 1.2% (1/85) to stage 1. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we observed continued improvement in virologic response, ALT normalization, and no significant changes in eGFR following switch to TAF from TDF.


Asunto(s)
Alanina/administración & dosificación , Hepatitis B Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/diagnóstico , Tenofovir/análogos & derivados , Tenofovir/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Anciano , Alanina/efectos adversos , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Sustitución de Medicamentos , Femenino , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular/efectos de los fármacos , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Virus de la Hepatitis B/aislamiento & purificación , Hepatitis B Crónica/sangre , Humanos , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/fisiopatología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/enzimología , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Profármacos/administración & dosificación , Profármacos/efectos adversos , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/fisiopatología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Tenofovir/efectos adversos
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA