Full-Spectrum Responsive Naphthalimide/Perylene Diimide with a Giant Internal Electric Field for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting.

The co-assembly naphthalimide/perylene diimide (NDINH/PDINH) supramolecular photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a rapid solution dispersion method. A giant internal electric field (IEF) in co-assembly structure was built by the larger local dipole. NDINH coated on PDINH could reduce the reflected electric field over PDINH to improve its responsive activity to ultraviolet light. Resultantly, an efficient full-spectrum photocatalytic overall water splitting activity with H2 and O2 evolution rate of 317.2 and 154.8 µmol g-1 h-1 for NDINH/PDINH together with optimized O2 evolution rate with 2.61 mmol g-1 h-1 using AgNO3 as a sacrificial reagent were achieved. Meanwhile, its solar-to-hydrogen efficiency was enhanced to 0.13 %. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was primarily attributed to the IEF between NDINH and PDINH, significantly accelerating transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers. Additionally, a direct Z-Scheme pathway of carriers contributed to a high redox potential. The strategy provided a new perspective for the design of supramolecular photocatalysts.

Identifying the Role of the Cationic Geometric Configuration in Spinel Catalysts for Polysulfide Conversion in Sodium-Sulfur Batteries.

An AB2X4 spinel structure, with tetrahedral A and octahedral B sites, is a paradigmatic class of catalysts with several possible geometric configurations and numerous applications, including polysulfide conversion in metal-sulfur batteries. Nonetheless, the influence of the geometric configuration and composition on the mechanisms of catalysis and the precise manner in which spinel catalysts facilitate the conversion of polysulfides remain unknown. To enable controlled exposure of single active configurations, herein, Cotd2+ and Cooh3+ in Co3O4 catalysts for sodium polysulfide conversion are in large part replaced by Fetd2+ and Feoh3+, respectively, generating FeCo2O4 and CoFe2O4. Through an examination of electrochemical activation energies, the characterization of symmetric cells, and theoretical calculations, we determine that Cooh3+ serves as the active site for the breaking of S-S bonds, while Cotd2+ functions as the active site for the formation of S-Na bonds. The current study underlines the subtle relationship between activity and geometric configurations of spinel catalysts, providing unique insights for the rational development of improved catalysts by optimizing their atomic geometric configuration.

Brookite TiO2 Nanorods as Promising Electrochromic and Energy Storage Materials for Smart Windows.

Electrochromic smart windows (ESWs) offer an attractive option for regulating indoor lighting conditions. Electrochromic materials based on ion insertion/desertion mechanisms also present the possibility for energy storage, thereby increasing overall energy efficiency and adding value to the system. However, current electrochromic electrodes suffer from performance degradation, long response time, and low coloration efficiency. This work aims to produce defect-engineered brookite titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanorods (NRs) with different lengths and investigate their electrochromic performance as potential energy storage materials. The controllable synthesis of TiO2 NRs with inherent defects, along with smaller impedance and higher carrier concentrations, significantly enhances their electrochromic performance, including improved resistance to degradation, shorter response times, and enhanced coloration efficiency. The electrochromic performance of TiO2 NRs, particularly longer ones, is characterized by fast switching speeds (20 s for coloration and 12 s for bleaching), high coloration efficiency (84.96 cm2  C-1 at a 600 nm wavelength), and good stability, highlighting their potential for advanced electrochromic smart window applications based on Li+ ion intercalation.

Crystalline Magnetic Gels and Aerogels Combining Large Surface Areas and Magnetic Moments.

The production of materials that simultaneously combine large surface areas and high crystallinities is a major challenge. Conventional sol-gel chemistry strategies to produce high-surface-area gels and aerogels generally result in amorphous or poorly crystalline materials. To attain proper crystallinities, materials are exposed to relatively high annealing temperatures that result in significant surface losses. This is a particularly limiting issue in the production of high-surface-area magnetic aerogels owing to the strong relationship between crystallinity and magnetic moment. To overcome this limitation, we demonstrate here the gelation of preformed magnetic crystalline nanodomains to produce magnetic aerogels with high surface area, crystallinity, and magnetic moment. To exemplify this strategy, we use colloidal maghemite nanocrystals as gel building blocks and an epoxide group as the gelation agent. After drying from supercritical CO2, aerogels show surface areas close to 200 m2 g-1 and a well-defined maghemite crystal structure that provides saturation magnetizations close to 60 emu g-1. For comparison, the gelation of hydrated iron chloride with propylene oxide provides amorphous iron oxide gels with slightly larger surface areas, 225 m2 g-1, but very low magnetization, below 2 emu g-1. Thermal treatment at 400 °C is necessary to crystallize the material, which results in a surface area loss down to 87 m2 g-1, well below the values obtained from the nanocrystal building blocks.

Electrochemical Conversion of Alcohols into Acidic Commodities on Nickel Sulfide Nanoparticles.

The electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols is a potentially cost-effective strategy for the synthesis of valuable chemicals at the anode while simultaneously generating hydrogen at the cathode. For this approach to become commercially viable, high-activity, low-cost, and stable catalysts need to be developed. Herein, we demonstrate an electrocatalyst based on earth-abundant nickel and sulfur elements. Experimental investigations reveal the produced NiS displays excellent electrocatalytic performance associated with a higher electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and the presence of sulfate ions on the formed NiOOH surface in basic media. The current densities reached for the oxidation of ethanol and methanol at 1.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) are up to 175.5 and 145.1 mA cm-2, respectively. At these high current densities, the Faradaic efficiency of methanol to formate conversion is 98% and that of ethanol to acetate is 81%. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate the presence of the generated sulfate groups to modify the electronic properties of the NiOOH surface, improving electroconductivity and electron transfer. Besides, calculations are used to determine the reaction energy barriers, revealing the dehydrogenation of ethoxy groups to be more favorable than that of methoxy on the catalyst surface, which explains the highest current densities obtained for ethanol oxidation.

Analysis of medical resources for allocation equity using traditional Chinese medicine resource as a model.

OBJECTIVES: This study is designed to analyse current allocation equity of medical resources in China for a better distribution of medical resources. METHODS: Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyse the overall allocation of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resources between 2012 and 2018. Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient were used to quantitatively analyse the fairness of the allocation from the population and geography two dimensions. RESULTS: This study revealed an increase of TCM resources for the 6-year period, but the fair allocation of these resources was subjected to the methods used. The Gini coefficients were <0.3 based on population distribution but >0.5 basing on the geography allocation. CONCLUSION: Population based analysis for the equity of the TCM resource allocation is superior, more attention for health resource planning is needed to focus on geographical fairness in the future, especially for the less populated rural regions.

Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution by Side-Group Engineered Benzodiimidazole Oligomers with Strong Built-in Electric Fields and Short-Range Crystallinity.

The insufficient charge separation and sluggish exciton transport severely limit the utilization of polymeric photocatalysts. To resolve the above issues, we incorporate bountiful carboxyl substituents within a novel benzodiimidazole oligomer and assemble it into a crystalline semiconductor. The photocatalyst is polar, hydrophilic, short-range crystalline, and capable of both hydrogen and oxygen evolution. The introduction of carboxyl side-groups adds asymmetry to the local structure and increases the built-in electric field. Further, accelerated carrier transfer is enabled via the short-range crystallinity. The superior hydrogen and oxygen production rates of 18.63 and 2.87 mmol g-1 h-1 represent one of the best performances ever reported among dual-functional polymeric photocatalysts. Our work initiates studies on high-performance oligomer photocatalysts, opening a new frontier to produce solar fuel.

Nickel Iron Diselenide for Highly Efficient and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of Methanol to Formate.

The electro-oxidation of methanol to formate is an interesting example of the potential use of renewable energies to add value to a biosourced chemical commodity. Additionally, methanol electro-oxidation can replace the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction when coupled to hydrogen evolution or to the electroreduction of other biomass-derived intermediates. But the cost-effective realization of these reaction schemes requires the development of efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts. Here, a noble metal-free catalyst, Ni1- x Fex Se2 nanorods, with a high potential for an efficient and selective methanol conversion to formate is demonstrated. At its optimum composition, Ni0.75 Fe0.25 Se2 , this diselenide is able to produce 0.47 mmol cm-2  h-1 of formate at 50 mA cm-2 with a Faradaic conversion efficiency of 99%. Additionally, this noble-metal-free catalyst is able to continuously work for over 50 000 s with a minimal loss of efficiency, delivering initial current densities above 50 mA cm-2 and 2.2 A mg-1 in a 1.0 m KOH electrolyte with 1.0 m methanol at 1.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. This work demonstrates the highly efficient and selective methanol-to-formate conversion on Ni-based noble-metal-free catalysts, and more importantly it shows a very promising example to exploit the electrocatalytic conversion of biomass-derived chemicals.

An empirical analysis of the impact of income inequality and social capital on physical and mental health - take China's micro-database analysis as an example.

BACKGROUND: Income inequality is one of the important reflections of the unbalanced development of the world economy and can have adverse effects on physical and mental health. METHODS: This article used the 2018 China Family Panel Studies Database as an empirical analysis data source. The Kakwani index (KI) was used to measure income inequality, and social capital was broken into cognitive social capital and structural social capital. Our assessment was conducted by using STATA16 software for ordered logistic regression, verifying income inequality, social capital on correlation between physical and mental health firstly; then by gradual regression methods to verify intermediary effect, and demonstrate the social capital as an intermediary variable affecting physical and mental health as income inequality. RESULT: The income inequality has a significant negative effect on physical and mental health (ß = - 0.964, - 0.381; OR = 0.382, 0.758; P < 0.01), Social capital has a significant effect on physical and mental health (Cognitive SC(MH): ß = 0.146 and 0.104, OR = 1.157 and 1.110, P < 0.01; Cognitive SC(PH): ß = 0.046 and 0.069, OR = 1.047 and 1.071, P < 0.01; Structural SC(MH): ß = - 0.005, 0.025 and 0.015, OR = 0.995, 1.025 and 1.015, P > 0.1, P < 0.01 and P < 0.01; Structural SC(PH): ß = - 0.026, 0.009 and - 0.013, OR = 0.975, 1.009 and 0.987, P < 0.01, P > 0.1 and P < 0.01). Our analysis also showed that social capital (cognitive social capital and structural social capital) has an intermediary effect on physical and mental health due to income inequality. CONCLUSION: This study shows that income inequality can not only directly affect physical and mental health, but also through social capital intermediary utility indirectly affect physical and mental health, social capital has positive effects on physical and mental health. At the same time, income inequality and social capital's effects on physical and mental health exist regional differences, urban-rural differences, and gender differences. Therefore, in the development of special policies to support and take care of vulnerable groups, special attention needs to be paid to poor rural areas and female groups.

Resveratrol inhibits necroptosis by mediating the TNF-α/RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway in myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.

Resveratrol (RES) protects myocardial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-caused injury. However, the mechanism of this effect has not been clarified. Thus, in this study, we aimed to determine whether RES attenuates H/R-induced cell necroptosis by inhibiting the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)/receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1)/RIP3/mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) signaling pathway. Rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models and H/R-injured cell models were constructed. Our study showed that myocardial H/R injury significantly increased the levels of TNF-α, RIP1, RIP3, and p-MLKL/MLKL by western blot analysis. Cell viability assay and 4,6-dianmidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-propidium iodide staining showed that the cell viability was decreased, and necroptosis was increased after myocardial H/R injury. The expressions of TNF-α, RIP1, RIP3, and p-MLKL/MLKL in H/R myocardial cells treated with different concentrations of RES were significantly downregulated. In addition, we also found that the cell viability was increased and necroptosis was decreased in dose-dependent manners when H/R-injured cells were treated with RES. In addition, the enhanced effect of TNF-α on necroptosis in myocardial H/R-injured cells was improved by RES, and the effect of RES was confirmed in vivo in I/R rats. This study also showed that RES suppresses necroptosis in H9c2 cells, which may occur through the inhibition of the TNF-α/RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling pathway. Our data suggest that necroptosis is a promising therapeutic target and may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury.

Selective Methanol-to-Formate Electrocatalytic Conversion on Branched Nickel Carbide.

A methanol economy will be favored by the availability of low-cost catalysts able to selectively oxidize methanol to formate. This selective oxidation would allow extraction of the largest part of the fuel energy while concurrently producing a chemical with even higher commercial value than the fuel itself. Herein, we present a highly active methanol electrooxidation catalyst based on abundant elements and with an optimized structure to simultaneously maximize interaction with the electrolyte and mobility of charge carriers. In situ infrared spectroscopy combined with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that branched nickel carbide particles are the first catalyst determined to have nearly 100 % electrochemical conversion of methanol to formate without generating detectable CO2 as a byproduct. Electrochemical kinetics analysis revealed the optimized reaction conditions and the electrode delivered excellent activities. This work provides a straightforward and cost-efficient way for the conversion of organic small molecules and the first direct evidence of a selective formate reaction pathway.

A Compact Double-Folded Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Highly Sensitive Humidity Sensing.

In this study, an ultra-compact humidity sensor based on a double-folded substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) re-entrant cavity was proposed and analyzed. By folding a circular re-entrant cavity twice along its two orthogonally symmetric planes, the designed structure achieved a remarkable size reduction (up to 85.9%) in comparison with a conventional TM010-mode circular SIW cavity. The operating principle of the humidity sensor is based on the resonant method, in other words, it utilizes the resonant properties of the sensor as signatures to detect the humidity condition of the ambient environment. To this end, a mathematical model quantitatively relating the resonant frequency of the sensor and the relative humidity (RH) level was established according to the cavity perturbation theory. The sensing performance of the sensor was experimentally validated in a RH range of 30%-80% by using a humidity chamber. The measured absolute sensitivity of the sensor was calculated to be 135.6 kHz/%RH, and the corresponding normalized sensitivity was 0.00627%/%RH. It was demonstrated that our proposed sensor not only has the merits of compact size and high sensitivity, but also benefits from a high Q-factor and ease of fabrication and integration. These advantages make it an excellent candidate for humidity sensing applications in various fields such as the agricultural, pharmaceutical, and food industries.

Dietary Fat Consumption and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Risk: A Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Many studies suggest that high-fat diets are linked to the etiology of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). However, the findings are inconsistent and therefore the association between fat and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma remains unclear. In this study, we aim to quantitatively assess the association between fat consumption and the risk for NHL. METHODS: We reviewed 221 published cohort and case-control studies that reported relative risk (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NHL and fat intake using PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases. A random-effects model computed summary risk estimates. RESULTS: Based on our literature search, 10 of 221 studies (two cohort and eight case-control studies) were relevant to this meta-analysis. There was a significant association between total fat consumption and increased risk of NHL (RR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.12-1.42); in addition, subgroup analysis showed a significant correlation with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (RR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.08-1.84) but not with follicular lymphoma (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.97-1.52), small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (RR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.68-1.23), nor with T cell lymphoma (RR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.60-2.09). The funnel plot revealed no evidence for publication bias. CONCLUSION: Total fat consumption, particularly animal fat, increases the risk for NHL.

Role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in pancreatic cancer: a case-control study in China.

The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene rs2228570 and rs1544410 polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer (PC). Two hundred fifty-eight PC patients and 385 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The genotypes of rs2228570 and rs1544410 were assayed using the polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the association between PC-onset risk and VDR gene polymorphisms. Contingency table analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the gene polymorphisms and clinicopathological tumor features such as location, pathological differentiation, and the TNM classification of PC. In rs2228570, the T loci and genotypes with T allele could increase the risk of PC; in rs1544410, the G loci and genotypes AG + GG could decrease the onset risk of PC significantly. The contingency table analysis indicated that the rs2228570 polymorphisms were correlated with the pathological differentiation of PC significantly, and the rs1544410 polymorphisms were correlated with the TNM classification of PC significantly. In conclusion, the VDR gene polymorphisms were correlated with incidence, pathological differentiation, and the TNM classification of PC significantly in our study population. So, the VDR polymorphisms have important implications in the incident rate and survival rate of PC.

Obesity and the risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis.

A number of studies have shown that obesity is implicated in the susceptibility to several cancers. However, the association between obesity and cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the association between overweight or obesity and the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma. A literature search was performed for cohort and case-control studies published from 1996 to 2013 using PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases. Studies were included if they reported odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of cholangiocarcinoma with respect to obesity or overweight. Normal weight, overweight, and obesity were defined when the body mass index (BMI) was 18.5-24.9, 25-29.9, and ≥ 30 kg/m(2), respectively. Excess body weight was defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2). Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, which included five cohort and five case-control studies. Compared with normal weight, being overweight (pooled OR 1.30, 95 % CI 1.13-1.49), obesity (pooled OR 1.52, 95 % CI 1.13-1.89), and excess body weight (pooled OR 1.37, 95 %CI 1.22-1.55) were significantly associated with cholangiocarcinoma. The funnel plot revealed no evidence for publication bias. Obesity is associated with the increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma, which needs to be confirmed by long-term cohort studies.

Nickel foam supported Mn-doped NiFe-LDH nanosheet arrays as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation and hydrogen evolution.

Electrochemical upgrading methanol into value-added formate at the anode in alkaline media enables the boosting production of hydrogen fuel at the cathode with saved energy. To achieve such a cost-effective and efficient electrocatalytic process, herein this work presents a Mn-doped nickel iron layered double hydroxides supported on nickel foam, derived from a simple hydrothermal synthesis. This developed electrocatalyst could act as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for methanol-to-formate with a high faradaic efficiency of nearly 100 %, and for hydrogen evolution reaction, at an external potential of 1.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Additionally, a current density of 131.1 mA cm-2 with a decay of merely 12.2 % over 120 h continuous long-term testing was generated in co-electrocatalysis of water/methanol solution. Further density functional theoretical calculations were used to unravel the methanol-to-formate reaction mechanism arising from the doping of Fe and/or Mn. This work offers a good example of co-electrocatalysis to produce formate and green hydrogen fuel using a bifunctional electrocatalyst.

A Layered Bi2 Te3 @PPy Cathode for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Mechanism and Application in Printed Flexible Batteries.

Low-cost, safe, and environmental-friendly rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising as next-generation energy storage devices for wearable electronics among other applications. However, sluggish ionic transport kinetics and the unstable electrode structure during ionic insertion/extraction hamper their deployment. Herein, a new cathode material based on a layered metal chalcogenide (LMC), bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3 ), coated with polypyrrole (PPy) is proposed. Taking advantage of the PPy coating, the Bi2 Te3 @PPy composite presents strong ionic absorption affinity, high oxidation resistance, and high structural stability. The ZIBs based on Bi2 Te3 @PPy cathodes exhibit high capacities and ultra-long lifespans of over 5000 cycles. They also present outstanding stability even under bending. In addition, here the reaction mechanism is analyzed using in situ X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and computational tools and it is demonstrated that, in the aqueous system, Zn2+ is not inserted into the cathode as previously assumed. In contrast, proton charge storage dominates the process. Overall, this work not only shows the great potential of LMCs as ZIB cathode materials and the advantages of PPy coating, but also clarifies the charge/discharge mechanism in rechargeable ZIBs based on LMCs.

Platelet-derived growth factor subunit-B mediating the effect of dickkopf-1 on acute myocardial infarction risk: a two-step Mendelian randomization study.

Previous studies have indicated a potential connection between plasma levels of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and platelet-derived growth factor subunit-B (PDGF-B) with the development of atherosclerosis. However, the causal relationship between DKK1, PDGF-B, and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is yet to be established. To address this research gap, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analyses to investigate the potential mediating role of PDGF-B in the association between DKK1 and AMI risk. Summary statistics for DKK1 (n = 3,301) and PDGF-B (n = 21,758) were obtained from the GWAS meta-analyses conducted by Sun et al. and Folkersen et al., respectively. Data on AMI cases (n = 3,927) and controls (n = 333,272) were retrieved from the UK Biobank study. Our findings revealed that genetic predisposition to DKK1 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.00208; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00056-1.00361; P = 0.0072) and PDGF-B (OR: 1.00358; 95% CI: 1.00136-1.00581; P = 0.0015) was associated with an increased risk of AMI. Additionally, genetic predisposition to DKK1 (OR: 1.38389; 95% CI: 1.07066-1.78875; P = 0.0131) was linked to higher PDGF-B levels. Furthermore, our MR mediation analysis revealed that PDGF-B partially mediated the association between DKK1 and AMI risk, with 55.8% of the effect of genetically predicted DKK1 being mediated through genetically predicted PDGF-B. These findings suggest that genetic predisposition to DKK1 is positively correlated with the risk of AMI, and that PDGF-B partially mediates this association. Therefore, DKK1 and PDGF-B may serve as promising targets for the prevention and treatment of AMI.

Enhanced Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Benzaldehyde to Benzyl Alcohol on Pd@Ni-MOF by Modifying the Adsorption Configuration.

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) approaches under ambient temperature and pressure offer significant potential advantages over thermal hydrogenation processes but require highly active and efficient hydrogenation electrocatalysts. The performance of such hydrogenation electrocatalysts strongly depends not only on the active phase but also on the architecture and surface chemistry of the support material. Herein, Pd nanoparticles supported on a nickel metal-organic framework (MOF), Ni-MOF-74, are prepared, and their activity toward the ECH of benzaldehyde (BZH) in a 3 M acetate (pH 5.2) aqueous electrolyte is explored. An outstanding ECH rate up to 283 µmol cm-2 h-1 with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 76% is reached. Besides, higher FEs of up to 96% are achieved using a step-function voltage. Materials Studio and density functional theory calculations show these outstanding performances to be associated with the Ni-MOF support that promotes H-bond formation, facilitates water desorption, and induces favorable tilted BZH adsorption on the surface of the Pd nanoparticles. In this configuration, BZH is bonded to the Pd surface by the carbonyl group rather than through the aromatic ring, thus reducing the energy barriers of the elemental reaction steps and increasing the overall reaction efficiency.

Tungsten phosphide on nitrogen and phosphorus-doped carbon as a functional membrane coating enabling robust lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) hold great potential as future energy storage technology, but their widespread application is hampered by the slow polysulfide conversion kinetics and the sulfur loss during cycling. In this study, we detail a one-step approach to growing tungsten phosphide (WP) nanoparticles on the surface of nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon nanosheets (WP@NPC). We further demonstrate that this material provides outstanding performance as a multifunctional separator in LSBs, enabling higher sulfur utilization and exceptional rate performance. These excellent properties are associated with the abundance of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) adsorption and catalytic conversion sites and rapid ion transport capabilities. Experimental data and density functional theory calculations demonstrate tungsten to have a sulfophilic character while nitrogen and phosphorus provide lithiophilic sites that prevent the loss of LiPSs. Furthermore, WP regulates the LiPS catalytic conversion, accelerating the Li-S redox kinetics. As a result, LSBs containing a polypropylene separator coated with a WP@NPC layer show capacities close to 1500 mAh/g at 0.1C and coulombic efficiencies above 99.5 % at 3C. Batteries with high sulfur loading, 4.9 mg cm-2, are further produced to validate their superior cycling stability. Overall, this work demonstrates the use of multifunctional separators as an effective strategy to promote LSB performance.