A Paternò-Büchi Reaction of Aromatics with Quinones under Visible Light Irradiation.

Reported herein is a Paternò-Büchi reaction of aromatic double bonds with quinones under visible light irradiation. The reactions of aromatics with quinones exposed to blue LED irradiation yielded oxetanes at -78 °C, which was attributed to both the activation of double bonds in aromatics and the stabilization of oxetanes by thiadiazole, oxadiazole, or selenadiazole groups. The addition of Cu(OTf)2 to the reaction system at room temperature resulted in the formation of diaryl ethers via the copper-catalyzed ring opening of oxetanes in situ. Notably, the substrate scope was extended to general aromatics.

Angiogenesis and flap-related research: A bibliometric analysis.

Adequate blood supply, a prerequisite for flap survival after grafting, makes angiogenesis of the flap the biggest problem to be solved. Researches have been conducted around vascularisation in correlation with flap grafting. However, bibliometric analyses systematically examining this research field are lacking. As such, we herein sought to conduct comprehensive comparative analyses of the contributions of different researchers, institutions, and countries to this research space in an effort to identify trends and hotspots in angiogenesis and vascularisation in the context of flap grafting. Publications pertaining to angiogenesis and vascularisation in the context of flap grafting were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. References were then analysed and plotted using Microsoft Excel 2019, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace V. In total, 2234 papers that were cited 40 048 times (17.63 citations/paper) were included in this analysis. The greatest number of studies were from the United States, with these studies exhibiting both the highest number of citations (13 577) and the greatest overall H-index (60). For The institutions that published the greatest number of studies were WENZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY (681), while UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG has the highest number of citations (1458), and SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY holds the greatest overall H-index (20). The greatest number of studies in this research space were published by Gao WY, while Horch RE was the most commonly cited researcher in the field. The VOS viewer software clustered relevant keywords into three clusters, with clusters 1, 2, 3, and 4 corresponding to studies in which the keywords 'anatomy', 'survival', 'transplantation', 'therapy' most frequently appeared. The most promising research hotspot-related terms in this field included 'autophagy', 'oxidative stress', 'ischemia/reperfusion injury', which exhibited a most recent average appearing year (AAY) of 2017 and after. Generally speaking, the results of this analysis indicate that the number of articles exploring angiogenesis and flap-related research has risen steadily, with the United States and China being the two countries publishing the greatest proportion of studies in this field. The overall focus of these studies has shifted away from 'infratest and tissue engineering' towards 'mechanisms'. In the future, particular attention should be paid to emerging research hotspots, which include 'ischemia/reperfusion injury' and treatments for promoting vascularization, such as 'platelet-rich plasma'. In light of these findings, funding agencies should continue increasing their investment in the exploration of the concrete mechanisms and interventional therapeutic relevance of angiogenesis during flap transplantation.

POU2F2-mediated upregulation of lncRNA PTPRG-AS1 inhibits ferroptosis in breast cancer via miR-376c-3p/SLC7A11 axis.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of BC with high rates of mortality. The mechanism of PTPRG-AS1 in ferroptosis of TNBC was investigated. Methods: Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to measure intermolecular relationships. MTT and colony formation assays detected cell viability and proliferation. Kits detected Fe2+ and reactive oxygen species levels. The role of PTPRG-AS1 in tumor growth was analyzed in vivo. Results: PTPRG-AS1 was increased in TNBC tissues and cells. PTPRG-AS1 silencing increased the reduction of glutathione and GPX4, increased Fe2+ and reactive oxygen species in erastin-treated cells and inhibited proliferation. POU2F2 transcriptionally upregulated PTPRG-AS1. PTPRG-AS1 targeted miR-376c-3p to upregulate SLC7A11. PTPRG-AS1 knockdown suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: POU2F2 transcriptionally activates PTPRG-AS1 to modulate ferroptosis and proliferation by miR-376c-3p/SLC7A11, promoting TNBC.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a kind of breast cancer with high recurrence and low survival rates. Activation of the ferroptosis pathway can inhibit BC proliferation and distant metastasis. Therefore, identifying effective biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in TNBC is important for its earlier detection and therapy. PTPRG-AS1 is a new type of lncRNA discovered in recent years that is increased in various diseases and is related to prognosis. In the present study, the authors found that POU2F2 promoted PTPRG-AS1 transcription. PTPRG-AS1 knockdown activated ferroptosis in TNBC and inhibited proliferation. Mechanistically, PTPRG-AS1 targeted miR-376c-3p to upregulate SLC7A11, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis and promoting TNBC development. These results indicate that PTPRG-AS1 is a possible therapeutic target in TNBC.

HD-ZIP I Transcription Factor (PtHB13) Negatively Regulates Citrus Flowering through Binding to FLOWERING LOCUS C Promoter.

For floral induction in adult citrus, low temperature is one of the most important environmental factors. FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) plays a very important role in low-temperature-induced Arabidopsis flowering by repressed FLC expression under exposure to prolonged low-temperature conditions. However, little is known about the FLC regulation mechanism in perennial woody plants such as citrus. In this study, the functions of citrus FLC homolog (PtFLC) were investigated by ectopic expression in Arabidopsis. Transcription factor of homeodomain leucine zipper I (HD-ZIP I) as an upstream regulator of PtFLC was identified by yeast one-hybrid screen to regulate its transcription. The HD-ZIP I transcription factor was highly homologous to Arabidopsis ATHB13 and thus was named PtHB13. Ectopically expressed PtHB13 inhibited flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the expression of PtFLC and PtHB13 showed a seasonal change during the floral induction period and was also affected by low temperature. Thus, we propose that PtHB13 binds to PtFLC promoter to regulate its activity during the citrus floral induction process.