RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sequential half-body irradiation (HBI) combined with chemotherapy is feasible in treating canine lymphoma, but prolonged interradiation intervals may affect efficacy. A 2-week interradiation interval is possible in most dogs receiving low-dose rate irradiation (LDRI) protocols at 6 Gy dose levels. HYPOTHESIS: LDRI incorporated into a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincritine, and prednisone (CHOP)-based chemotherapy protocol is effective for the treatment of lymphoma in dogs. ANIMALS: Thirty-eight client-owned animals diagnosed with multicentric lymphoma. METHODS: Retrospective study evaluating the efficacy and prognostic factors for the treatment of canine lymphoma with sequential HBI and chemotherapy. RESULTS: The median 1st remission was 410 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 241-803 days). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year 1st remission rates were 54, 42, and 31%. The median overall survival was 684 days (95% CI 334-1,223 days). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 66, 47, and 44%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this study suggest that treatment intensification by a 2-week interradiation treatment interval coupled with interradiation chemotherapy is an effective treatment for dogs with lymphoma.
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Linfoma/veterinaria , Animales , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Terapia Combinada , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Ciclofosfamida/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Doxorrubicina/administración & dosificación , Doxorrubicina/efectos adversos , Femenino , Hematócrito/veterinaria , Irradiación de Hemicuerpo/métodos , Irradiación de Hemicuerpo/veterinaria , Inmunofenotipificación/veterinaria , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Linfoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma/patología , Linfoma/radioterapia , Masculino , Prednisona/administración & dosificación , Prednisona/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Vincristina/administración & dosificación , Vincristina/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a procedure that delivers a single large radiation dose to a well-defined target. Here, we describe a frameless SRS technique suitable for intracranial targets in canines. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with a primary intracranial tumour by imaging or histopathology that underwent SRS were retrospectively reviewed. Frameless SRS was used successfully to treat tumours in 51 dogs with a variety of head sizes and shapes. Tumours diagnosed included 38 meningiomas, 4 pituitary tumours, 4 trigeminal nerve tumours, 3 gliomas, 1 histiocytic sarcoma and 1 choroid plexus tumour. Median survival time was 399 days for all tumours and for dogs with meningiomas; cause-specific survival was 493 days for both cohorts. Acute grade III central nervous system toxicity (altered mentation) occurred in two dogs. Frameless SRS resulted in survival times comparable to conventional radiation therapy, but with fewer acute adverse effects and only a single anaesthetic episode required for therapy.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Radiocirugia/veterinaria , Animales , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/mortalidad , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Meningioma/mortalidad , Meningioma/cirugía , Meningioma/veterinaria , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/mortalidad , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/cirugía , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/veterinaria , Radiocirugia/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Enfermedades del Nervio Trigémino/mortalidad , Enfermedades del Nervio Trigémino/cirugía , Enfermedades del Nervio Trigémino/veterinariaRESUMEN
Understanding the inherent radiosensitivity and repair capacity of canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) can aid in optimizing radiation protocols to treat this disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the parameters surviving fraction at 2 Gy (SF(2) ), α/ß ratio and capacity for sublethal damage repair (SLDR) in response to radiation. Dose-response and split-dose studies were performed using the clonogenic assay. The mean SF(2) for three established TCC cell lines was high at 0.61. All the three cell lines exhibited a low to moderate α/ß ratio, with the mean being 3.27. Two cell lines exhibited statistically increased survival at 4 and 24 h in the dose-response assay. Overall, our results indicate that the cell lines are moderately radioresistant, have a high repair capacity and behave similarly to a late-responding normal tissue. These findings indicate that the radiation protocols utilizing higher doses with less fractionation may be more effective for treating TCC.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Neoplasias Urológicas/veterinaria , Animales , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/patología , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/radioterapia , Línea Celular Tumoral , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Fraccionamiento de la Dosis de Radiación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Tolerancia a Radiación , Neoplasias Urológicas/patología , Neoplasias Urológicas/radioterapiaRESUMEN
Thirteen dogs with previously untreated multicentric lymphoma were enrolled in a prospective study investigating the effects of low-dose rate total body irradiation (TBI) and chemotherapy. Dogs received either 6 or 8 Gy TBI in half-body fractions, 2 weeks apart. Toxicity consisted of mild to moderate haematological and gastrointestinal (GI) signs. One dog died from treatment complications. Anorexia was noted independent of dose. Haematological toxicity was more common and more severe after 8 Gy treatment. GI toxicity was more likely postcaudal half-body irradiation with 8 Gy. Other than leukotrichia, late effects from radiation were not observed. Results indicated that haematological and nonhaematological toxicity was dose dependent. However, the protocol was well tolerated and treatment intensification using a 2-week inter-radiation interval was possible in all dogs treated with 6 Gy. Preliminary survival data for these dogs were very encouraging, providing a strong rationale to analyse the efficacy of low-dose rate irradiation (LDRI) in canine lymphoma.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Irradiación de Hemicuerpo/veterinaria , Linfoma/veterinaria , Animales , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta Inmunológica , Femenino , Irradiación de Hemicuerpo/efectos adversos , Linfoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma/radioterapia , Masculino , Traumatismos por RadiaciónRESUMEN
Acute radiation-induced dermatitis (ARID) is a common sequela of radiation therapy in dogs. There is no consensus regarding ARID management in human medicine and the standard of care in veterinary medicine has not been reported. The objective was to report the practice standards for ARID management in dogs in North America. The design used was a questionnaire survey. Fifty-eight private and university teaching veterinary hospitals were contacted, 54 participated. The topical and oral medications used to treat ARID, prevent or treat bacterial infection, control pain and the indications for and timing of treatment initiation were the outcome measures. A minority of facilities (4/54, 7.5%) use exactly the same protocol regarding all parameters. There was agreement (>75% of facilities) with respect to the general use of oral antibiotics (77.8%), the need for pain control (92.6%) and the use of tramadol for pain control (76%), although the details of their use varied widely. There is a divergence of opinions regarding all details of ARID management in dogs except the general use of oral antibiotics and pain control medications.
RESUMEN
The boxer breed of dog is at high risk for a variety of neoplasms including lymphoma. In this observational study, tissue sections from boxer dogs with lymphoma were immunostained for T and B lymphocyte distinction, and the results compared with similar studies carried out on lymphoma tissues from temporally selected cohorts of golden retriever and rottweiler dogs. The frequency of T-cell lymphomas was significantly (P < 0.001 for all comparisons) higher in the boxers than in the rottweilers or golden retrievers. We are unaware of other reports linking immunotype of canine lymphoma with breed; whether other brachycephalic breeds of dogs have a similar preponderance of T-cell lymphoma awaits further study.