Use of Text Messaging (SMS) for the Management of Side Effects in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Cancer patients are often not sufficiently oriented to manage side effects at home. Sending text messages with self-care guidelines aimed managing side effects is the main objective of this randomized controlled trial. Patients who started outpatient chemotherapy treatment between March and December 2017 at a hospital in southern Brazil were invited to participate in this study and were allocated to the intervention or control group (ratio 1: 1). Each patient in the intervention group received a daily SMS (short message service) with some guidance on management or prevention of side effects. All text messages were sent to the intervention group patients in an automated and tailored way by our app called cHEmotHErApp. Side effects experienced by patients were verified using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Results showed intervention group patients experienced fewer side effects compared to the control group in cycle 1 (p < 0.05), in general. In addition, intervention group experienced less nausea in relation to the control group, in the cycle 1 and cycle 2 (p < 0.05). This study indicate text messaging may be a tool for supporting side effect management in patients receiving chemotherapy. This study was enrolled in ClinicalTrials.gov with the identification number NCT03087422. This research was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Text Messaging (SMS) Helping Cancer Care in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment: a Pilot Study.

Cancer treatment is an extremely stressful life experience that is accompanied by a range of psychological, social, physical, and practical difficulties. Cancer patients need to receive information that helps them to better understand the disease, assists them in decision-making, and helps them deal with treatment. Patients are interested in receiving such information. The degree of satisfaction with the information received has been associated with positive health outcomes, specifically regarding quality of life, severity of side effects, and psychological well-being. This study investigates a method of guiding cancer patients, in relation to outpatient chemotherapy treatment, using SMS (short message service) text messaging. A smartphone application called cHEmotHErApp was developed, and its primary function is to send out SMS text messages with guidance for self-care and emotional support for oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. Thus, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the acceptance and perception of patients of the receipt of these SMS messages, as well as to evaluate the possible benefits reported by the participants. Adult patients diagnosed with cancer, who started the first outpatient chemotherapy treatment scheme between August and November 2016 at the School Hospital (HE) of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), were invited to participate in this pilot study. In total, 14 cancer patients were adherent to this study. Each of these patients received a daily text message on their cell phone with some guidance on encouraging self-care and emotional support. Patients reported that, because of the SMS text messages they received, they felt more confident in their treatment, felt more supported and encouraged, and that the text messages facilitated self-care. In addition, patients reported that the SMS text messages they received helped them to take better care of themselves and to continue further treatment.

Complementary feeding, consumption of industrialized foods and nutritional status of children under 3 years old in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2016: a descriptive study. / Alimentação complementar, consumo de alimentos industrializados e estado nutricional de crianças menores de 3 anos em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2016: um estudo descritivo.

OBJECTIVE: to verify how and when complementary feeding (CF) begins, its profile, consumption of processed foods and nutritional status of children aged 1-3 years. METHODS: children enrolled at public schools in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, were evaluated; length/height-for-age and weight-for-age scores, and body mass index (BMI)/age were used, and a structured questionnaire was administered to parents/caregivers; CF was considered early when started before the age of six months; data were presented in a descriptive way. RESULTS: 79 children were evaluated, of whom 13 were overweight and 6 obese; 11 had high weight-for-age; mean age for beginning CF was 5.3 months; when aged <6 months, 43% received gelatin, and 12.7% juice from cartons; when aged 6-24 months, 96.2% received filled biscuits and 91.1% salty snacks. CONCLUSION: CF and consumption of processed foods began early; obesity and overweight were more prevalent than malnutrition.

Who are the Solidarity Kitchen users? Study on inequalities to ensure food and nutritional security based on the experience of Sol Nascente community - Distrito Federal, Brazil / Quem são os usuários da Cozinha Solidária? Estudo sobre desigualdades na garantia da segurança alimentar e nutricional a partir da experiência da comunidade do Sol Nascente - Distrito Federal, Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective To review the demographic and socioeconomic profile of the Homeless Workers Movement's Solidarity Kitchen project users in the Sol Nascente Community, Federal District, Brazil. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study. The interviews were conducted with adults, users of the solidarity kitchen, in August 2022, using a standardized questionnaire containing demographic, socioeconomic, housing and food consumption information. The outcome of the study was Frequent Use (picking up food at the solidarity kitchen five days/week). General and gender descriptive analyses were conducted, as well as a bivariate analysis based on the chi-square test (p<0.05). Results The sample was composed of 83 dark complexion women with a mean age of 39.6 years (SD=14.6). A total of 35 women (42.2%) had attended the first year of high school or over, and approximately 65.0% had a job and were paid up to one minimum wage. Most received social benefits and 81.9% were unemployed at the time of the survey. More than half of the respondents owned their own home and among those who did not, 64.0% paid rent. A total of 46.3% respondents had up to two daily meals. The prevalence of users who were considered Frequent Users was 61.0%. Women reported lower family income, greater dependence on aid, more unemployment, in addition to living with a greater number of people and having more people in the house who took food from the solidarity kitchen, all statistically significant differences. Conclusion The project Solidarity Kitchen essentially caters to dark complexion women with lower family income, who enhance the inequalities and inequities conditions in food security in the country.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil demográfico e socioeconômico dos usuários do projeto Cozinha Solidária do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto no Sol Nascente, Distrito Federal, Brasil. Métodos Estudo descritivo do tipo transversal. As entrevistas foram realizadas com adultos, usuários da cozinha solidária, em agosto de 2022, a partir de um questionário padronizado contendo informações demográficas e socioeconômicas, sobre moradia e alimentação. O desfecho do estudo foi considerado Consumo Frequente (pegar comida na cozinha solidária nos cinco dias da semana: sim/não). Foram conduzidas as análises descritivas geral e por sexo, e bivariadas a partir do Teste qui-quadrado (p<0,05). Resultados A amostra de 83 indivíduos foi composta predominantemente por mulheres, pretas e pardas, com idade média de 39,6 anos (DP=14,6). Onde 42,2% cursaram o 1º ano do ensino médio ou mais e aproximadamente 65% recebiam até um salário-mínimo. A maioria recebia benefício social e 81,9% estava desempregada no momento da entrevista. Mais da metade dos entrevistados possuíam casa própria e, entre os que não tinham, 64,0% pagavam aluguel. O número de refeições diárias foi de até duas para 46,3% dos entrevistados. A prevalência de usuários que tinham Consumo Frequente foi 61%. As mulheres relataram menor renda familiar, maior dependência de auxílios, maior desemprego, além de residirem com mais pessoas, os quais pegavam mais comida da cozinha solidária, sendo todas diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Conclusão O projeto atende essencialmente mulheres, pretas e com menor renda familiar, corroborando o panorama das desigualdades e iniquidades no acesso à alimentação no país.

[Epidemiology of elevated triciptal and subscapular skinfolds in adolescents]. / Epidemiologia das pregas cutâneas triciptal e subescapular elevadas em adolescentes.

The objective of this study was to describe and compare the tricipital (TSF) and subscapular skinfold (SSF) thickness according to demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and biological characteristics in adolescents from Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A cross-sectional study nested in a birth cohort (n = 4,452; mean age = 11 years) was conducted. The outcomes were defined as skinfold thickness >or= 90th percentile of the National Center for Health Statistics reference curve. The prevalence rates for elevated TSF and SSF were 20.2% and 17.3%, respectively, in boys and 14.2% and 10.5% in girls. The strongest factor associated with adiposity in boys was socioeconomic status (p < 0.001), whereas among girls it was maternal body mass index (p < 0.001). Low physical activity (< 300 minutes/week) was associated with elevated SSF only among girls, while schooling was associated with increased TSF and SSF only among boys. Diet, skin color, and sedentary behavior were not associated with any of the outcomes. We concluded that the main predictors of adiposity were maternal and socioeconomic characteristics. We recommend that further studies on this issue apply other methods to estimate body composition in order to confirm our results.

[Nutritional status of first to fourth-grade students of urban schools in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil]. / Estado nutricional de escolares de 1 feminine a 4 feminine séries do Ensino Fundamental das escolas urbanas da cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

This cross-sectional study included 20,084 students from urban schools (first to fourth-grade) in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Weight and height were measured, and nutritional status was classified according to the World Health Organization (height deficit) and International Obesity Task Force (overweight and obesity) criteria. The study also recorded the variables age, gender, type of school, and schooling (grade-for-age adequacy). Prevalence of height-for-age deficit was 3.5% (3.9% in boys and 3.1% in girls). Prevalence rates for overweight and obesity were 29.8% and 9.1%, respectively. Overweight and obesity were more frequent in private schools, while height-for-age deficit was more frequent in municipal or State schools. For both boys and girls, age was positively associated with underweight and inversely related to overweight and obesity. Inadequate schooling was associated with increased risk of height deficit and decreased risk of overweight and obesity. In conclusion, primary students' nutritional status depends not only on demographic and socioeconomic factors, but also on type of school.

[Food intake according to the type of food consumed in schools in a rural area in southern Brazil]. / Consumo alimentar conforme o tipo de alimentação consumida em escolas de zona rural no Sul do Brasil.

The scope of the article was to evaluate food consumption according to the type of food consumed in rural schools. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among adolescents enrolled in 12 rural public schools in Canguçu in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research was linked to the intervention named "Physical Education +: Practicing Health in School." Dietary intake was evaluated using consumption markers from the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The main independent variable was the type of food consumed at school (brought from home, provided by the school free of charge and/or purchased at school). Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used and the significance level was p<0.05. The study enlisted 526 students, 51.3% female and 88.0% consuming food free of charge. From 15% to 31% of adolescents consumed foods considered unhealthy for more than three days in the preceding week. Students who reported taking a snack to school consumed raw salad, fresh fruit or fruit salad, biscuits/crackers and packet snacks and soft drinks more frequently. It was concluded that the consumption of healthy foods among schoolchildren in rural areas was low and interventions are needed to improve the current situation of inadequate feeding practices.

Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo alimentar de escolares conforme o tipo de alimentação consumida em escolas de zona rural. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes de 12 escolas públicas rurais de Canguçu/RS. A investigação está vinculada à intervenção "Educação Física +: Praticando Saúde na Escola". O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pelos marcadores do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional. A variável independente principal foi o tipo de alimentação consumida (trazida de casa, fornecida gratuitamente e/ou comprada na escola). Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e o teste de Qui-quadrado com nível de significância de p < 0,05. Participaram do estudo 526 escolares, 51,3% do sexo feminino e 88,0% que consumiram a alimentação gratuita. Entre 15-31% dos adolescentes consumiram mais de três dias na semana anterior alimentos considerados não saudáveis. Os escolares que relataram levar lanche de casa para a escola consumiram com maior frequência salada crua, frutas frescas ou salada de frutas, bolachas/biscoitos salgados e salgadinhos de pacote e refrigerante. Concluiu-se que o consumo de alimentos saudáveis entre os escolares da zona rural foi baixo e intervenções são necessárias a fim de melhorar o quadro atual de práticas inadequadas de alimentação.

Excessive consumption of dietary supplements among professionals working in gyms in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, 2012. / Consumo excessivo de suplementos nutricionais entre profissionais atuantes em academias de ginástica de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 2012.

OBJECTIVE: to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with excessive consumption of dietary supplements among professionals working at gyms in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. METHODS: this is a cross-sectional study with all local fitness professionals identified in 2012; excessive consumption of dietary supplements was defined as the use of three or more types of supplements simultaneously; multivariate analysis was carried out using Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: 497 professionals were interviewed; the prevalence of excessive consumption of dietary supplements was 10.5% (95%CI 7.9;13.5); there was association with the male sex (PR=3.2; 95%CI 1.6;6.7) and with length of time of dietary supplement consumption ≥4 years when compared to <1 year (PR=2.8; 95%CI 1.7;4.7); lower consumption was found among professionals with higher levels of education, regardless of whether they had a degree in physical education or not (p=0,007). CONCLUSIONS: prevalence of excessive consumption of dietary supplements can be considered high and was associated with sociodemographic variables.

Design of a digital and self-reported food frequency questionnaire to estimate food consumption in adolescents and young adults: birth cohorts at Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. / Desenho de um questionário de frequência alimentar digital autoaplicado para avaliar o consumo alimentar de adolescentes e adultos jovens: coortes de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul.

PURPOSE: Methodological paper aiming to describe the development of a digital and self-reported food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), created to the 1982 and 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohorts. METHODS: The instrument was created based on FFQs previously applied to subjects belonging to both cohorts in the 2004 and 2008 follow-ups. The FFQ was developed including 88 foods and/or meals where frequencies were clustered from a minimum of never or once/month to a maximum of greater than or equal to 5 times/day. The closed options related to portions were based on a 24-hour recall previously asked to a subsample from the 1993 cohort. Three options for portions were created: equal to, less than or greater than. Equal to portion was described based on the 50 percentile of each food consumed reported in a 24-hour recall. Photographs of portions related to the 50 percentile for each food were also included in the software. RESULTS: This digital FFQ included food and meals based on the needs of current researches. The layout of the software was attractive to the staff members as well as to the cohort members. The responding time was 12 minutes and the software allowed several individuals to use it at the same time. Moreover, this instrument dismissed interviewers and double data entry. CONCLUSION: It is recommended the use of the same strategy in other studies, adapted to different contexts and situations.

Alimentação complementar, consumo de alimentos industrializados e estado nutricional de crianças menores de 3 anos em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2016: um estudo descritivo / Alimentación complementaria, consumo de alimentos industrializados y estado nutricional de niños menores de 3 años en Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2016: un estudio descriptivo / Complementary feeding, consumption of industrialized foods and nutritional status of children under 3 years old in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2016: a descriptive study

Objetivo: verificar como e quando a alimentação complementar (AC) se inicia, seu perfil, o consumo de industrializados e o estado nutricional de crianças de 1-3 anos. Métodos: foram avaliadas crianças matriculadas em escolas públicas de Pelotas, RS, Brasil; utilizaram-se os indicadores de estatura/idade, peso/idade e índice de massa corporal (IMC)/idade. Um questionário estruturado aplicado aos pais/cuidadores. A AC foi considerada precoce quando iniciada antes dos 6 meses. Os dados foram apresentados de forma descritiva. Resultados: 79 crianças foram avaliadas, 13 apresentaram sobrepeso e 6 obesidade; 11 acusaram peso elevado para a idade. A média para início da AC foi de 5,3 meses. Enquanto menores de 6 meses, 43% receberam gelatina e 12,7% suco de caixinha; quando na idade de 6-24 meses, 96,2% receberam biscoito recheado e 91,1% salgadinho. Conclusão: a AC e o consumo de alimentos industrializados iniciaram-se precocemente; obesidade e sobrepeso foram mais prevalentes que desnutrição.

Objetivo: evaluar como y cuando comienza la alimentación complementaria (AC), su perfil, consumo de alimentos procesados y estado nutricional de niños de 1-3 años. Métodos: se evaluaron niños matriculados en escuelas públicas de Pelotas, RS, Brasil; se utilizaron los índices de longitud/estatura/edad, peso/edad e índice de masa corporal (IMC)/edad, y un cuestionario estructurado aplicado a los padres/cuidadores; la AC fue considerada precoz cuando empezó antes de los seis meses; los datos se presentaron de modo descriptivo. Resultados: 79 niños fueron evaluados, 13 presentaron sobrepeso y 6 obesidad; 11 presentaron peso elevado para la edad; el promedio para el inicio de la AC fue de 5,3 meses; en cuanto a menores de 6 meses, 43% recibieron gelatina y 12,7% jugo de caja; a los 6-24 meses, 96,2% recibieron galletitas rellenas y 91,1% snacks salados. Conclusión: la AC y el consumo de alimentos industrializados comenzaron precozmente; obesidad y sobrepeso fueron más prevalentes que la desnutrición.

Objective: to verify how and when complementary feeding (CF) begins, its profile, consumption of processed foods and nutritional status of children aged 1-3 years. Methods: children enrolled at public schools in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, were evaluated; length/height-for-age and weight-for-age scores, and body mass index (BMI)/age were used, and a structured questionnaire was administered to parents/caregivers; CF was considered early when started before the age of six months; data were presented in a descriptive way. Results: 79 children were evaluated, of whom 13 were overweight and 6 obese; 11 had high weight-for-age; mean age for beginning CF was 5.3 months; when aged <6 months, 43% received gelatin, and 12.7% juice from cartons; when aged 6-24 months, 96.2% received filled biscuits and 91.1% salty snacks. Conclusion: CF and consumption of processed foods began early; obesity and overweight were more prevalent than malnutrition.

[Factors associated with excess weight in Brazilian children under five years of age]. / Fatores associados ao excesso de peso em crianças brasileiras menores de cinco anos.

The scope of the study was to identify factors associated with excess weight in Brazilian children less than five years of age. Data from a cross-sectional home-based study entitled the National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) of 2006 were used. The diagnosis of excess weight was performed using the weight-for-height greater than 2 z scores above the median anthropometric standard recommended by the World Health Organization in 2006. The population under study consisted of 4,388 children. The prevalence of excess weight in children was described according to socio-economic, demographic, anthropometric, and behavioral variables. Crude and adjusted analyses were carried out to assess statistical significance stratified by gender using Poisson regression. The prevalence of excess weight was 6.6%. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, maternal body mass index and birth weight were associated with excess weight. Furthermore, being overweight was associated with exclusive breastfeeding for boys and with the socio-economic level and marital status of the mother for girls. The need to implement public policies that act on the major determinants of excess weight since childhood is emphasized.

[Frequency of adherence to the "10 Steps to Healthy Eating" among school-aged adolescents]. / Frequência de adesão aos "10 Passos para uma Alimentação Saudável" em escolares adolescentes.

The scope of this study was to evaluate the frequency of adherence to "10 Steps to Healthy Eating" of the Ministry of Health in adolescents from high schools in Pelotas in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted, including 1233 adolescents (13-19 years of age). The frequency of each step was evaluated through a questionnaire on food frequency and other issues included in the "10 Steps." The average number of steps achieved was 1.8. It is noteworthy that none of the subjects achieved entirely all the recommended steps. The highest frequency of compliance was found in step 4, referring to the consumption of the rice and beans. Lower frequencies of adherence were found for step 7, related to consumption of soft drinks, processed juices, sweets and snacks, and also step 3 on the consumption of fruit/vegetables/greens. Adherence to the "10 steps to Healthy Eating" by adolescents was very low. Considering the importance of healthy eating in adolescence, greater investment in public policies in the area of food and nutrition is strongly recommended.

[Consumption of dairy products by adults and the elderly in the south of Brazil: a population-based study]. / Consumo de leite e derivados entre adultos e idosos no Sul do Brasil: um estudo de base populacional.

This is a population-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the frequency of consumption of dairy products by adults and the elderly in Pelotas in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in accordance with demographic, social and economic characteristics. Frequency of dairy product consumption was obtained by means of a questionnaire containing short, straightforward questions. Information about the type of milk (cow's milk, soy, other) and the fat contained in the milk consumed (full-cream, semi-skimmed and skimmed) was also investigated. Heterogeneity, linear trend and chi-square tests were used for the statistical analysis. The prevalence of regular dairy product consumption was 45.9%, and was 1.7 times higher among the elderly compared with 20 to 29-year-olds. Dairy product consumption frequency was higher among women, Caucasians and those with tertiary education. The economic level was significantly and inversely associated with the outcome. Nearly 98% of the sample drink cow's milk and 75.5% drink full-fat milk. About 26% of the adults do not drink milk and of these less than 20% consume dairy products daily. Dairy product consumption, especially low-fat products, should be encouraged among adults. Special attention should be given to younger individuals, males, and groups with less education and income.

Consumo alimentar conforme o tipo de alimentação consumida em escolas de zona rural no Sul do Brasil / Food intake according to the type of food consumed in schools in a rural area in southern Brazil

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo alimentar de escolares conforme o tipo de alimentação consumida em escolas de zona rural. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes de 12 escolas públicas rurais de Canguçu/RS. A investigação está vinculada à intervenção "Educação Física +: Praticando Saúde na Escola". O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pelos marcadores do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional. A variável independente principal foi o tipo de alimentação consumida (trazida de casa, fornecida gratuitamente e/ou comprada na escola). Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e o teste de Qui-quadrado com nível de significância de p < 0,05. Participaram do estudo 526 escolares, 51,3% do sexo feminino e 88,0% que consumiram a alimentação gratuita. Entre 15-31% dos adolescentes consumiram mais de três dias na semana anterior alimentos considerados não saudáveis. Os escolares que relataram levar lanche de casa para a escola consumiram com maior frequência salada crua, frutas frescas ou salada de frutas, bolachas/biscoitos salgados e salgadinhos de pacote e refrigerante. Concluiu-se que o consumo de alimentos saudáveis entre os escolares da zona rural foi baixo e intervenções são necessárias a fim de melhorar o quadro atual de práticas inadequadas de alimentação.

Abstract The scope of the article was to evaluate food consumption according to the type of food consumed in rural schools. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among adolescents enrolled in 12 rural public schools in Canguçu in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research was linked to the intervention named "Physical Education +: Practicing Health in School." Dietary intake was evaluated using consumption markers from the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The main independent variable was the type of food consumed at school (brought from home, provided by the school free of charge and/or purchased at school). Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used and the significance level was p<0.05. The study enlisted 526 students, 51.3% female and 88.0% consuming food free of charge. From 15% to 31% of adolescents consumed foods considered unhealthy for more than three days in the preceding week. Students who reported taking a snack to school consumed raw salad, fresh fruit or fruit salad, biscuits/crackers and packet snacks and soft drinks more frequently. It was concluded that the consumption of healthy foods among schoolchildren in rural areas was low and interventions are needed to improve the current situation of inadequate feeding practices.

Tracking of dietary patterns from childhood to adolescence.

OBJECTIVE: To review the scientific literature on the tracking of dietary patterns from childhood to adolescence. METHODS: A search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO databases was performed, using the following key words: "tracking", "dietary patterns" and "childhood/adolescence" and their respective synonyms. A total of 45 abstracts were found and, after the inclusion criteria were applied, 13 articles were included. The tracking of dietary patterns was assessed by three main statistical analyses: (Pearson or Spearman) correlation coefficients, kappa coefficient and probability analysis. RESULTS: The tracking of dietary patterns ranged from weak to moderate between the childhood-childhood and childhood-adolescence periods. During adolescence, there appears to be no tracking. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary patterns in childhood may continue until adolescence, although such patterns may be changed or discontinued throughout adolescence.

Consumo excessivo de suplementos nutricionais entre profissionais atuantes em academias de ginástica de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 2012 / Consumo excesivo de suplementos nutricionales en profesionales que trabajan en gimnasios en Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul / Excessive consumption of dietary supplements among professionals working in gyms in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, 2012

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência e fatores associados ao consumo excessivo de suplementos nutricionais entre profissionais das academias de ginástica de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal com todos os profissionais locais encontrados em 2012; o consumo excessivo de suplementos nutricionais foi definido como o uso de três ou mais tipos dessas substâncias simultaneamente; análise multivariável foi realizada por meio de regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta. Resultados: foram entrevistados 497 profissionais; a prevalência de uso excessivo de suplementos nutricionais foi de 10,5% (IC95% 7,9;13,5); houve associação com sexo masculino (RP=3,2; IC95% 1,6;6,7) e tempo de ingestão ≥4 anos, comparado com <1 ano (RP=2,8; IC95% 1,7;4,7); observou-se menor consumo excessivo entre profissionais com maior escolaridade, graduados ou não em Educação Física (p=0,007). Conclusões: o consumo excessivo de suplementos nutricionais teve prevalência que pode ser considerada elevada e foi associado a variáveis sociodemográficas.

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados con el consumo excesivo de suplementos nutricionales entre los profesionales de los gimnasios. Métodos: estudio transversal con todos los profesionales locales encontrados en 2012; el uso excesivo de suplementos nutricionales se definió como el uso de tres o más tipos de suplementos simultáneamente; el análisis multivariado se realizó mediante regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados: fueron entrevistados 497 profesionales; la prevalencia del consumo excesivo de suplementos dietéticos fue de 10,5% (IC95% 7,9;13,5); hubo asociación con sexo masculino (RP=3,2 - IC95% 1,6;6,7) y tiempo de utilización ≥4 años comparado con <1 año (RP=2,8 - IC95% 1,7;4,7); y se verificó menor consumo en profesionales con mayor escolaridad. Conclusiones: la prevalencia del consumo excesivo de suplementos dietéticos puede considerarse elevada y estuvo asociada con variables sociodemográficas.

Objective: to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with excessive consumption of dietary supplements among professionals working at gyms in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with all local fitness professionals identified in 2012; excessive consumption of dietary supplements was defined as the use of three or more types of supplements simultaneously; multivariate analysis was carried out using Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: 497 professionals were interviewed; the prevalence of excessive consumption of dietary supplements was 10.5% (95%CI 7.9;13.5); there was association with the male sex (PR=3.2; 95%CI 1.6;6.7) and with length of time of dietary supplement consumption ≥4 years when compared to <1 year (PR=2.8; 95%CI 1.7;4.7); lower consumption was found among professionals with higher levels of education, regardless of whether they had a degree in physical education or not (p=0,007). Conclusions: prevalence of excessive consumption of dietary supplements can be considered high and was associated with sociodemographic variables.

Desenho de um questionário de frequência alimentar digital autoaplicado para avaliar o consumo alimentar de adolescentes e adultos jovens: coortes de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul / Design of a digital and self-reported food frequency questionnaire to estimate food consumption in adolescents and young adults: birth cohorts at Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

RESUMO: Objetivo: Artigo metodológico com o objetivo de descrever a construção de um questionário de frequência alimentar (QFA) digital autoaplicado, desenvolvido para as coortes de nascimentos de Pelotas de 1982 e 1993. Métodos: O instrumento foi criado com base em QFAs anteriormente utilizados nas duas coortes em acompanhamentos nos anos de 2004 e 2008. O QFA foi elaborado incluindo 88 alimentos e/ou preparações cujas frequências foram agrupadas em categorias desde o valor mínimo de consumo de nunca ou < 1 vez/mês até o máximo de ≥ 5 vezes/dia. As opções fechadas relativas à porção foram construídas considerando recordatórios de 24 horas (R24Hs) anteriormente aplicados à subamostra da coorte de 1993. Três alternativas de porção foram construídas: igual, menos ou mais. A porção igual foi descrita com base no percentil 50 do consumo de cada alimento, obtido a partir das distribuições das porções constantes nos R24H. Fotos das porções relativas ao percentil 50 de cada alimento foram também incluídas ao formato do programa. Resultados: Esse QFA digital incluiu alimentos e preparações que atendem aos objetivos das pesquisas atuais. A aparência do programa foi atrativa à equipe de trabalho e também aos participantes do estudo. O tempo médio de aplicação de 12 minutos e a facilidade de preenchimento possibilitaram que vários participantes respondessem às questões ao mesmo tempo. Além disso, o instrumento dispensou a necessidade de entrevistador e a dupla entrada de dados em programa específico. Conclusão: Recomenda-se o uso dessa mesma estratégia em outros estudos, adaptando-a aos diferentes contextos e situações.

ABSTRACT: Purpose: Methodological paper aiming to describe the development of a digital and self-reported food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), created to the 1982 and 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohorts. Methods: The instrument was created based on FFQs previously applied to subjects belonging to both cohorts in the 2004 and 2008 follow-ups. The FFQ was developed including 88 foods and/or meals where frequencies were clustered from a minimum of never or once/month to a maximum of greater than or equal to 5 times/day. The closed options related to portions were based on a 24-hour recall previously asked to a subsample from the 1993 cohort. Three options for portions were created: equal to, less than or greater than. Equal to portion was described based on the 50 percentile of each food consumed reported in a 24-hour recall. Photographs of portions related to the 50 percentile for each food were also included in the software. Results: This digital FFQ included food and meals based on the needs of current researches. The layout of the software was attractive to the staff members as well as to the cohort members. The responding time was 12 minutes and the software allowed several individuals to use it at the same time. Moreover, this instrument dismissed interviewers and double data entry. Conclusion: It is recommended the use of the same strategy in other studies, adapted to different contexts and situations.

[Prevalence of intestinal constipation and associated factors: a population-based study in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, 2007]. / Prevalência e fatores associados à constipação intestinal: um estudo de base populacional em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2007.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of intestinal constipation and associated factors in adults 20 years and older. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural area of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, in 2007. Intestinal constipation was defined according to the Rome III criteria. The study began with a descriptive analysis, followed by bivariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression. Prevalence of intestinal constipation was 26.9% (95%CI: 25.1-28.8). Women had 2.5 times more constipation than men (36.8% vs. 13.9%). The adjusted analysis showed that risk factors for men were age (>60 years), skin color (black/brown), and low economic status. Among women, age was inversely related, i.e., having a protective effect among the elderly. Intestinal constipation is common in this population. Associated factors were the same for men and women, except socioeconomic status, which showed no association in women.

Frequency of fiber-rich food intake and associated factors in a Southern Brazilian population.

The objective of this study was to verify the frequency of fiber-rich food intake and evaluate its association with socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral characteristics. A city representative sample was selected and 3,993 subjects (> or =10 years) were interviewed. The study used the Block Screening Questionnaire. A majority of subjects - 65.6% (95%CI: 64.2-67.1)--presented an inadequate intake frequency. Adjusted analysis for the overall sample showed an increased risk of inadequate frequency among men, adolescents, people of lower socioeconomic levels, current smokers, those insufficiently active and those having fewer than four daily meals. Age group-stratified analysis showed that among adolescents, living alone was a risk factor; for adults, risk factors were sex (male), current smoker, insufficiently active and fewer than four daily meals and; among the elderly they were male and being a current smoker. A lower socioeconomic level was associated to the outcome in all groups. Although the inadequate frequency of intake is very common in this population, teenagers are at a higher risk, pointing to a need for public health actions targeting this particular age group.

Frequência de adesão aos "10 Passos para uma Alimentação Saudável" em escolares adolescentes / Frequency of adherence to the "10 Steps to Healthy Eating" among school-aged adolescents

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência de adesão aos "10 Passos para uma Alimentação Saudável" do Ministério da Saúde, em adolescentes de escolas de Ensino médio de Pelotas (RS). Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base escolar incluindo 1233 adolescentes de 13 a 19 anos. A frequência de cada passo foi coletada através de um questionário de frequência de consumo de alguns alimentos e outros aspectos contidos nos "10 Passos". A média de passos alcançados foi de 1,8. Ressalta-se que nenhum adolescente aderiu a todos os passos recomendados A maior frequência de adesão foi encontrada no passo 4, referente ao consumo de arroz e feijão; e menores frequência de adesão nos passos 7, referentes ao consumo de refrigerantes, sucos industrializados, doces e guloseimas, e passo 3, relativo ao consumo de Frutas/legumes/hortaliças. A adesão aos "10 passos para uma alimentação saudável" pelos adolescentes foi muito baixa. Considerando a importância de uma alimentação saudável na adolescência, recomenda-se maior investimento em políticas públicas na área de alimentação e nutrição.

The scope of this study was to evaluate the frequency of adherence to "10 Steps to Healthy Eating" of the Ministry of Health in adolescents from high schools in Pelotas in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted, including 1233 adolescents (13-19 years of age). The frequency of each step was evaluated through a questionnaire on food frequency and other issues included in the "10 Steps." The average number of steps achieved was 1.8. It is noteworthy that none of the subjects achieved entirely all the recommended steps. The highest frequency of compliance was found in step 4, referring to the consumption of the rice and beans. Lower frequencies of adherence were found for step 7, related to consumption of soft drinks, processed juices, sweets and snacks, and also step 3 on the consumption of fruit/vegetables/greens. Adherence to the "10 steps to Healthy Eating" by adolescents was very low. Considering the importance of healthy eating in adolescence, greater investment in public policies in the area of food and nutrition is strongly recommended.