Searching the Polish Medical Bibliography (Polska Bibliografia Lekarska) for trials.

BACKGROUND: The Polish Medical Bibliography (Polska Bibliografia Lekarska) contains 350 000 records dating from 1979. These records from the fields of medicine, nursing, dentistry, health care systems and preclinical sciences are from nearly 300 biomedical journals published in Poland. METHODS: We systematically searched the Polish Medical Bibliography Part II (1996-2006) CD-ROM (July 2006) using both English and Polish phrases for randomized trials, manually checked results and, for the trials identified in this way, sought these on medline and embase. RESULTS: Systematic searching identified records of 680 randomized trials from all areas of health care. Nearly 40% of these were not found on either medline or embase. CONCLUSIONS: The Polish Medical Bibliography should be of interest to health care information specialists concerned with comprehensive searches for trials.

Oral fluphenazine versus placebo for schizophrenia: a Cochrane systematic review of 40 years of randomised controlled trials Flufenazina oral vs. placebo, en el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia. Una revisión sistemática de Cochrane de 40 años de estudios controlados aleatorizados

Introducción: La flufenazina, uno de los tres antipsicóticos de la lista de drogas esenciales de la OMS, está disponible desde hace 5 décadas. Las revisiones cuantitativas de sus efectos vs. placebo son escasas y desactualizadas. Método: Buscamos estudios controlados aleatorizados relevantes que compararan la administración de flufenazina oral contra placebo, en los registros de ensayos de los grupos de esquizofrenia de Cochrane (oct. 2006) y en referencias incluidas en los estudios. Los estudios consistentes y confiables muestran datos de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA). Calculamos el RR mediante un modelo de efectos fijos, el número necesario por tratar (NNT) y su intervalo de confianza de 95porciento. Resultados: En flufenazina vs. placebo, a corto plazo, el resultado “no mejoría” no fue muy diferente (n=75, 2 ECA, RR 0,71, IC 0,5 a 1,1). La flufenazina oral, a corto plazo, aumenta el riesgo de manifestaciones extrapiramidales, como la acatisia (n=227, 2 ECA, RR 3,43, IC 1,2 a 9,6, NNT 13, IC 4 a 128) y rigidez (n=227, 2 ECA, RR 3,54, IC 1,8 a 7,1, NNT 6, IC 3 a 17). La deserción fue más baja en el grupo de la flufenazina oral, pero los datos no fueron estadísticamente significativos (n=227, 2 ECA, RR 0,70 CI 0,4 a 1,1). Conclusión: La flufenazina es un tratamiento imperfecto con muy pocos datos que sustenten su uso. Otras drogas de bajo costo y pocos efectos adversos pueden ser mejor opción para pacientes psicóticos. La OMS debe revisar su lista de antipsicóticos esenciales...

Background: Fluphenazine, one of only three antipsychotics on WHO’s list of essential drugs, has been widely available for five decades. Quantitative reviews of its effects compared with placebo are rare and out of date. Methods: We searched for all relevant randomised controlled trials comparing oral administration of fluphenazine with placebo on the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group’s register of trials (October 2006) and in reference lists of included studies. Data were extracted from reliably selected trials. Where possible, we calculated fixed effects relative risk (RR), the number needed to treat (NNT), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: We found over 1200 electronic records for 415 studies. Ninety papers were acquired; 59 were excluded and the remainder were reports of the seven trials we could include (total participants=349). Compared with placebo, in the short-term, global state outcomes for ‘not improved’ were not significantly different (n=75, 2 RCTs, RR 0.71 CI 0.5 to 1.1). There is evidence that oral fluphenazine, in the short term, increases a person’s chances of experiencing extrapyramidal effects such as akathisia (n=227, 2 RCTs, RR 3.43 CI 1.2 to 9.6, NNH 13 CI 4 to 128) and rigidity (n=227, 2 RCTs, RR 3.54 CI 1.8 to 7.1, NNH 6 CI 3 to 17). We found study attrition to be lower in the oral fluphenazine group, but data were not statistically significant (n=227, 2 RCTs, RR 0.70 CI 0.4 to 1.1). Conclusions: Fluphenazine is an imperfect treatment with surprisingly few data from trials to support its use. If accessible, other inexpensive drugs, less associated with adverse effects, may be a better choice for people with schizophrenia. It is time for the World Health Organisation to revise their list of essential antipsychotic drugs...