Assessment of the root surface temperature during the use of intracanal agitation systems: In vitro study.

This study aimed to evaluate the temperature changes that the different methods of agitation of irrigants promote on the external dental root surface. Nine extracted human lower premolars were standardized by cone-beam computed tomography and used. The root canal was instrumented with a Reciproc 40.06 file. Temperature measurement was performed using K-type thermocouple sensors attached to the middle, cervical, and apical thirds of the teeth. The teeth had their roots immersed in distilled water at 37ºC, which were distributed into 3 experimental groups according to the mechanical agitation methods to be studied. US Group (n=3), Irrisonic Ultrasonic Tip activated through ultrasound; EC Group (n=3), Easyclean Tip coupled to a contra-angle low-speed handpiece; XP Group (n=3), XP-endo Finisher file coupled to an endodontic electrical motor. Temperature measurements were performed simultaneously with agitation and irrigation of intracanal irrigants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software with a significance level of 5%. For multiple comparisons, the Tukey test was used. The association between mechanical agitation methods and root third was statistically significant. Regarding the temperatures recorded on the external surface of the roots, the ultrasonic tip was significantly higher than the XP-endo Finisher file and the Easyclean tip, which did not differ from each other. Regarding the ultrasonic tip, the external temperature in the middle third (39.46ºC) of the root was significantly lower than in the cervical (40.41ºC) and apical third (40.53ºC). None of the agitation methods of irrigants studied presented heating above 47ºC, and their use is safe for periodontal tissues.

Assessment of the root surface temperature during the use of intracanal agitation systems: In vitro study

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the temperature changes that the different methods of agitation of irrigants promote on the external dental root surface. Nine extracted human lower premolars were standardized by cone-beam computed tomography and used. The root canal was instrumented with a Reciproc 40.06 file. Temperature measurement was performed using K-type thermocouple sensors attached to the middle, cervical, and apical thirds of the teeth. The teeth had their roots immersed in distilled water at 37ºC, which were distributed into 3 experimental groups according to the mechanical agitation methods to be studied. US Group (n=3), Irrisonic Ultrasonic Tip activated through ultrasound; EC Group (n=3), Easyclean Tip coupled to a contra-angle low-speed handpiece; XP Group (n=3), XP-endo Finisher file coupled to an endodontic electrical motor. Temperature measurements were performed simultaneously with agitation and irrigation of intracanal irrigants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software with a significance level of 5%. For multiple comparisons, the Tukey test was used. The association between mechanical agitation methods and root third was statistically significant. Regarding the temperatures recorded on the external surface of the roots, the ultrasonic tip was significantly higher than the XP-endo Finisher file and the Easyclean tip, which did not differ from each other. Regarding the ultrasonic tip, the external temperature in the middle third (39.46ºC) of the root was significantly lower than in the cervical (40.41ºC) and apical third (40.53ºC). None of the agitation methods of irrigants studied presented heating above 47ºC, and their use is safe for periodontal tissues.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as mudanças de temperatura que os diferentes métodos de agitação de irrigantes promovem na superfície externa da raiz dentária. Nove pré-molares humanos extraídos foram padronizados por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e usados. O canal radicular foi instrumentado com uma lima Reciproc 40.06 de 25 mm. A medição da temperatura foi realizada usando sensores termopares do tipo K fixados nos terços médio, cervical e apical dos dentes. Os dentes tiveram suas raízes imersas em água destilada a 37ºC, as quais foram distribuídas em 3 grupos experimentais de acordo com os métodos de agitação mecânica a serem estudados. Grupo US (n=3), Ponta Irrisonic Ultrasonic ativado por ultrassom; Grupo EC (n=3), Ponta Easyclean acoplada a um contra-ângulo de baixa rotação; Grupo XP (n=3), Lima XP-endo Finisher acoplada a um motor elétrico endodôntico. As medições de temperatura foram realizadas simultaneamente com agitação e irrigação de irrigantes intracanal. A análise estatística foi realizada no software SPSS com nível de significância de 5%. Para comparações múltiplas, foi utilizado o teste de Tukey. A associação entre métodos de agitação mecânica e terço radicular foi estatisticamente significativa. Em relação às temperaturas registradas na superfície externa das raízes, a ponta ultrassônica foi significativamente maior que a lima XP-endo Finisher e a ponta Easyclean, que não diferiram entre si. Com relação à ponta ultrassônica, a temperatura externa no terço médio (39,46ºC) da raiz foi significativamente menor do que nos terços cervical (40,41ºC) e apical (40,53ºC). Nenhum dos métodos de agitação dos irrigantes estudados (Irrisonic, XP-endo Finisher e Easyclean) apresentou aquecimento acima de 47ºC, sendo seu uso seguro para os tecidos periodontais.