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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a malignant tumor distinctly characterized by ethnic and geographic distribution, is highly prevalent in Southern China and Southeast Asia. However, the molecular mechanisms of NPC have not been fully revealed at the proteomic level. In this study, 30 primary NPC samples and 22 normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues were collected for proteomics analysis, and a relatively complete proteomics landscape of NPC was depicted for the first time. By combining differential expression analysis, differential co-expression analysis, and network analysis, potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets were identified. Some identified targets were verified by biological experiments. We found that 17-AAG, a specific inhibitor of the identified target heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), could be a potential therapeutic drug for NPC. Finally, consensus clustering identified two NPC subtypes with specific molecular features. The subtypes and the related molecules were verified by an independent data set and may have different progression-free survival. The results of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the proteomics molecular signatures of NPC and provide new perspectives and inspiration for prognostic determination and treatment of NPC.
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Carcinoma , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas , Humanos , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Carcinoma/metabolismo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/metabolismo , Proteómica/métodos , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Microbes in the cold polar and alpine environments play a critical role in feedbacks that amplify the effects of climate change. Defining the cold adapted ecotype is one of the prerequisites for understanding the response of polar and alpine microbes to climate change. RESULTS: Here, we analysed 85 high-quality, de-duplicated genomes of Deinococcus, which can survive in a variety of harsh environments. By leveraging genomic and phenotypic traits with reverse ecology, we defined a cold adapted clade from eight Deinococcus strains isolated from Arctic, Antarctic and high alpine environments. Genome-wide optimization in amino acid composition and regulation and signalling enable the cold adapted clade to produce CO2 from organic matter and boost the bioavailability of mineral nitrogen. CONCLUSIONS: Based primarily on in silico genomic analysis, we defined a potential cold adapted clade in Deinococcus and provided an updated view of the genomic traits and metabolic potential of Deinococcus. Our study would facilitate the understanding of microbial processes in the cold polar and alpine environments.
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Frío , Deinococcus , Genoma Bacteriano , Genómica , Deinococcus/genética , Adaptación Fisiológica/genética , FilogeniaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: For patients with unresectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the current standard treatment; however, the prognosis remains poor. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has demonstrated improved survival outcomes in advanced ESCC. Nevertheless, there is a lack of reports on the role of induction immunotherapy plus chemotherapy prior to CCRT for unresectable locally advanced ESCC. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction immunotherapy plus chemotherapy followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced ESCC. METHODS: This study retrospectively collected clinical data of patients diagnosed with locally advanced ESCC who were treated with radical CCRT between 2017 and 2021 at our institution. The patients were divided into two groups: an induction immunotherapy plus chemotherapy group (induction IC group) or a CCRT group. To assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), we employed the Kaplan-Meier method after conducting propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS: A total of 132 patients with unresectable locally advanced ESCC were included in this study, with 61 (45.26%) patients in the induction IC group and 71 (54.74%) patients in the CCRT group. With a median follow-up of 37.0 months, median PFS and OS were 25.2 and 39.2 months, respectively. The patients in the induction IC group exhibited a significant improvement in PFS and OS in comparison with those in the CCRT group (median PFS: not reached [NR] versus 15.9 months, hazard ratio [HR] 0.526 [95%CI 0.325-0.851], P = 0.0077; median OS: NR versus 25.2 months, HR 0.412 [95%CI 0.236-0.719], P = 0.0012). After PSM (50 pairs), both PFS and OS remained superior in the induction IC group compared to the CCRT group (HR 0.490 [95%CI 0.280-0.858], P = 0.011; HR 0.454 [95%CI 0.246-0.837], P = 0.0093), with 2-year PFS rates of 67.6 and 42.0%, and the 2-year OS rates of 74.6 and 52.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that lower tumor stage, concurrent chemotherapy using double agents, and induction immunotherapy plus chemotherapy before CCRT were associated with better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed for the first time that induction immunotherapy plus chemotherapy followed by CCRT for unresectable locally advanced ESCC provided a survival benefit with manageable safety profile. More prospective clinical studies should be warranted.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios Prospectivos , Puntaje de Propensión , Quimioradioterapia/métodos , Inmunoterapia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant risk factor for pulmonary hypertension (PH), a complication that adversely affects patient prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood. A major obstacle to progress in this field is the lack of a reliable animal model replicating CKD-PH. METHODS: This study aimed to establish a stable rat model of CKD-PH. We employed a combined approach, inducing CKD through a 5/6 nephrectomy and concurrently exposing the rats to a high-salt diet. The model's hemodynamics were evaluated dynamically, alongside a comprehensive assessment of pathological changes in multiple organs. Lung tissues and serum samples were collected from the CKD-PH rats to analyze the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), evaluate the activity of key vascular components within the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and characterize alterations in the serum metabolic profile. RESULTS: At 14 weeks post-surgery, the CKD-PH rats displayed significant changes in hemodynamic parameters indicative of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Additionally, right ventricular hypertrophy was observed. Notably, no evidence of pulmonary vascular remodeling was found. Further analysis revealed RAAS dysregulation and downregulated ACE2 expression within the pulmonary vascular endothelium of CKD-PH rats. Moreover, the serum metabolic profile of these animals differed markedly from the sham surgery group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in CKD-PH rats is likely a consequence of a combined effect: RAAS dysregulation, decreased ACE2 expression in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, and metabolic disturbances.
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Angiotensina II , Hipertensión Pulmonar , Nefrectomía , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Angiotensina II/sangre , Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina 2/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Hipertensión Pulmonar/metabolismo , Hipertensión Pulmonar/etiología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/patología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/inducido químicamente , Riñón/metabolismo , Riñón/patología , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/metabolismo , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/patología , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/fisiología , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético/efectos adversosRESUMEN
A yellow pigmented, Gram-stain-positive, motile, facultatively anaerobic and irregular rod-shaped bacteria (strain M0-14T) was isolated from a till sample collected from the foreland of a high Arctic glacier near the settlement of Ny-Ålesund in the Svalbard Archipelago, Norway. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that M0-14T formed a lineage within the family Cellulomonadaceae, suborder Micrococcineae. M0-14T represented a novel member of the genus Pengzhenrongella and had highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Pengzhenrongella sicca LRZ-2T (97.3â%). Growth occurred at 4-25â°C (optimum 4-18â°C), at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0), and in the presence of 0-5â% (w/v) NaCl. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4) and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15â:â0, C16â:â0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16â:â1ω7c and/or C16â:â1ω6c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphatidylinositol, one undefined phospholipid and five undefined phosphoglycolipids. The cell-wall diamino acid was l-ornithine whereas rhamnose and mannose were the cell-wall sugars. Polyphosphate particles were found inside the cells of M0-14T. Polyphosphate kinase and polyphosphate-dependent glucokinase genes were detected during genomic sequencing of M0-14. In addition, the complete pstSCAB gene cluster and phnCDE synthesis genes, which are important for the uptake and transport of phosphorus in cells, were annotated in the genomic data. According to the genomic data, M0-14T has a metabolic pathway related to phosphorus accumulation. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.8â%. On the basis of its phylogenetic relationship, phenotypic properties and chemotaxonomic distinctiveness, strain M0-14T represents a novel species of the genus Pengzhenrongella, for which the name Pengzhenrongella phosphoraccumulans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M0-14T (= CCTCC AB 2012967T = NRRL B-59105T).
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Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Composición de Base , ADN Bacteriano , Ácidos Grasos , Cubierta de Hielo , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Vitamina K 2 , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Regiones Árticas , Ácidos Grasos/química , Vitamina K 2/análogos & derivados , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Cubierta de Hielo/microbiología , Fosfolípidos , SvalbardRESUMEN
High-entropy diborides (HEDBs) have gained significant attention in industrial applications due to their vast composition space and tunable properties. We propose a solid solution reaction at high temperatures and pressures that successfully synthesized and sintered a novel, dense, and phase-pure HEDB (V0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Cr0.2W0.2)B2. A high asymptotic Vickers hardness of 26.3 ± 0.6 GPa and a bulk modulus of 320.5 ± 10.6 GPa were obtained. Additionally, we investigated the thermal oxidation process using TG-DSC from room temperature to 1500 °C and explored the phase stability of HEDBs under high-pressure conditions through in situ high-pressure synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction. We analyzed the formation of lattice distortion, chemical bonding, and band structure in (V0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Cr0.2W0.2)B2 using first-principles calculations. Surprisingly, we found that the predominant distortion in diborides occurs in the boron layer, supported by ELF. This may be due to uneven electron transfer rather than a straightforward correlation with the atomic radius. These results provide a novel synthesis process and additional experimental data on the mechanical and thermal properties and high-pressure phase stability of HEDBs. Our study offers further insights into the microscopic structure of lattice distortion in HEDBs, which could prove crucial for the selection and design of engineering advanced HEDBs.
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BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is recognized as a major cause of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial function is evaluated using flow-mediated dilation (FMD), which is a noninvasive method. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between smoking exposure and endothelial function evaluated using FMD values. METHODS: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for cohort studies of smokers or passive smokers that used FMD to assess endothelial function. The primary outcome of the study was the change in the rate of FMD. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Further, the weighted mean difference was used to analyze the continuous data. RESULTS: Overall, 14 of 1426 articles were included in this study. The results of these articles indicated that smoking is a major cause of endothelial dysfunction and altered FMD; a pooled effect size of - 3.15 was obtained with a 95% confidence interval of (- 3.84, - 2.46). Notably, pregnancy status, Asian ethnicity, or health status did not affect heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: We found that smoking has a significant negative impact on FMD, and measures such as medication or education for smoking cessation may improve endothelial function and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO on April 5th, 2023 (CRD42023414654).
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Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Endotelio Vascular , Vasodilatación , Humanos , Endotelio Vascular/fisiopatología , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Medición de Riesgo , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Anciano , Factores de Riesgo , Contaminación por Humo de Tabaco/efectos adversos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/fisiopatología , Adulto Joven , Fumadores , Arteria Braquial/fisiopatología , Arteria Braquial/diagnóstico por imagen , Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad CardiacaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome due to coronary artery embolism in the setting of ascending aortic thrombus is an uncommon condition, even rarer when there is no aortic pathology such as aneurysm, severe atherosclerosis, aortic dissection, or thrombophilia (whether inherited or acquired). CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 58-year-old male presented with acute chest pain, electrocardiogram showing non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. The computed tomography angiography of coronary artery revealed a mural thrombus in the proximal part of ascending aorta, located above the left coronary artery ostium, without any aortic pathologies. With the exception of hypertension and cigarette smoking, no other risk factors were identified in this patient that may increase the risk of thrombosis. Given the life-threatening risk of interventional therapy and surgery, the patient determinedly opted for anticoagulant and dual antiplatelet therapy. Then he experienced the reoccurrence of chest pain after 6-day treatment, progressed to anterior and inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary artery embolism originating from the ascending aortic thrombus was suspected. Considering the hemodynamic instability of the patient, the medical treatment was continued and bridged to warfarin and aspirin after discharge. Follow-up computed tomography angiography at 6 months showed no obstruction in coronary artery and complete resolution of the thrombus. No thromboembolic events occurred henceforward. CONCLUSIONS: Acute coronary syndrome could be a manifestation of secondary coronary embolism due to ascending aortic thrombus. Currently, there is no standardized guideline for the treatment of aortic mural thrombus, individualized treatment is recommended. When surgical therapy is not applicable for the patient, anticoagulation and dual antiplatelet treatment are alternative treatments that may successfully lead to the resolution of the aortic thrombus.
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Síndrome Coronario Agudo , Enfermedades de la Aorta , Recurrencia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/etiología , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del Tratamiento , Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Aorta/etiología , Enfermedades de la Aorta/complicaciones , Trombosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Trombosis/etiología , Trombosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Angiografía Coronaria , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/uso terapéutico , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/terapia , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/etiología , AortografíaRESUMEN
Growing evidence has proved that RNA editing enzyme ADAR1, responsible for detecting endogenous RNA species, was significantly associated with poor response or resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Here, a genetically engineered nanovesicle (siAdar1-LNP@mPD1) was developed as an RNA interference nano-tool to overcome tumor resistance to ICB therapies. Small interfering RNA against ADAR1 (siAdar1) was packaged into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), which was further coated with plasma membrane extracted from the genetically engineered cells overexpressing PD1. siAdar1-LNP@mPD1 could block the PD1/PDL1 immune inhibitory axis by presenting the PD1 protein on the coating membranes. Furthermore, siAdar1 could be effectively delivered into cancer cells by the designed nanovesicle to silence ADAR1 expression, resulting in an increased type I/II interferon (IFN-ß/γ) production and making the cancer cells more sensitive to secreted effector cytokines such as IFN-γ with significant cell growth arrest. These integrated functions confer siAdar1-LNP@mPD1 with robust and comprehensive antitumor immunity, as evidenced by significant tumor growth regression, abscopal tumor prevention, and effective suppression of lung metastasis, through a global remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment. Overall, we provided a promising translatable strategy to simultaneously silence ADAR1 and block PDL1 immune checkpoint to boost robust antitumor immunity.
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Citocinas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Interferón gamma , Proliferación Celular , Microambiente Tumoral/genéticaRESUMEN
Cantharidin (CTD) is the main active component in the traditional Chinese medicine Mylabris and an effective anti-tumor agent. However, it is relatively toxic and exhibits nephrotoxicity, which limits its clinical use. However, its toxic mechanism is not clear. The toxic effects of CTD exposure on the kidney and the protective effect of resveratrol (RES) were studied in a mouse model, by determination of serum biochemical and renal antioxidant indicators, histopathological and ultrastructural observation, and metabonomics. After CTD exposure, serum uric acid, creatinine, and tissue oxidative stress indicators increased, and the renal glomerular and tubular epithelial cells showed clear pathological damage. Ultrastructure observation revealed marked mitochondrial swelling, endoplasmic reticulum dilation, and the presence of autophagy lysosomes in glomerular epithelial cells. RES ameliorated the renal injury induced by CTD. Metabonomics analysis indicated that CTD can induce apoptosis and oxidative damage in kidney cells, mainly by disrupting sphingolipid and glutathione metabolism, increasing sphingosine and sphingomyelin levels, and decreasing glutathione levels. RES counteracts these effects by regulating renal cell proliferation, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, by improving the levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC), LysoPC, and lysophosphatidyl glycerol in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, thereby reducing CTD-induced nephrotoxicity. The mechanisms of CTD-induced renal injury and the protective effect of RES were revealed by metabonomics, providing a basis for evaluating clinical treatment regimens to reduce CTD-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Cantaridina , Riñón , Metabolómica , Estrés Oxidativo , Resveratrol , Animales , Resveratrol/farmacología , Ratones , Masculino , Cantaridina/toxicidad , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/patología , Riñón/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía Liquida , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Espectrometría de MasasRESUMEN
Malignant melanoma (MM) is notorious for its high metastatic potential, with cardiac metastasis being particularly severe as it involves cardiac structures and can lead to significant cardiac functional issues. While there is no standardized treatment approach, early detection and intervention can improve prognosis.
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Ecocardiografía , Neoplasias Cardíacas , Neoplasias Intestinales , Melanoma , Humanos , Melanoma/secundario , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundario , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagen , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Neoplasias Intestinales/secundario , Neoplasias Intestinales/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Intestino Delgado , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
This case report describes a 35-year-old female patient who presented with palpitations and shortness of breath. Imaging findings suggested a cardiac tumor, histopathology confirmed primary cardiac angiosarcoma. This tumor is highly aggressive, usually occurs in the right atrium, lacks specificity in clinical presentation, is prone to early metastasis, and has a poor prognosis. Echocardiography is the method of choice for early detection and is important in assessing tumor size, location, mode of attachment and whether cardiac function is impaired.
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Ecocardiografía , Neoplasias Cardíacas , Hemangiosarcoma , Humanos , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Femenino , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Atrios Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMEN
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in children, and botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma (BRMS) represents a subtype of RMS. BRMS primarily occurs in infants, young children, and adolescent females, with a predilection for mucosa-lined hollow organs such as the bladder, vagina, bile duct, and so on. Its occurrence in the biliary tract is extremely rare. Due to the high malignancy and rapid metastasis of biliary botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving prognosis.
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Rabdomiosarcoma , Humanos , Rabdomiosarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Niño , Masculino , Neoplasias del Sistema Biliar/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ultrasonografía/métodosRESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate and summarize the evidence for prevention and management of enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients and provide reference for clinical practice. DESIGN: This study was an evidence summary followed by the evidence summary reporting standard of Fudan University Center for Evidence-based Nursing. METHODS: Current literatures were systematically searched for the best evidence for prevention and management of enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients. Literature types included clinical guidelines, best practice information sheets, expert consensuses, systematic reviews, evidence summaries and cohort studies. DATA SOURCES: UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Joanna Briggs Institute, Guidelines International Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Sinomed, Web of Science, Yi Maitong Guidelines Network, DynaMed, MEDLINE, CNKI, WanFang database, Chinese Medical Journal Full-text Database, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism website, the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition website were searched from January 2012 to April 2023. RESULTS: We finally identified 18 articles that had high-quality results. We summarized the 24 pieces of best evidence from these articles, covering five aspects: screening and assessment of the risk of enteral nutritional tolerance; formulation of enteral nutrition preparations; enteral nutritional feeding implementation; feeding intolerance symptom prevention and management; and multidisciplinary management. Of these pieces of evidence, 19 were 'strong' and 5 were 'weak', 7 pieces of evidence were recommended in level one and 4 pieces of evidence were recommended in level two. CONCLUSION: The following 24 pieces of evidence for prevention and management of enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients were finally recommended. However, as these evidences came from different countries, relevant factors such as the clinical environment should be evaluated before application. Future studies should focus on more specific symptoms of feeding intolerance and more targeted prevention design applications. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND PATIENT CARE: The clinical medical staffs are recommended to take evidence-based recommendations for the implementation of standardized enteral nutrition to improve patient outcomes and decrease gastrointestinal intolerance in critically ill patients. IMPACT: The management of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance has always been a challenge and difficulty in critically ill patients. This study summarizes 24 pieces of the best evidence for prevention and management of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in critically ill patients. Following and implementing these 24 pieces of evidence is beneficial to the prevention and management of feeding intolerance in clinical practice. The 24 pieces of evidence include five aspects, including screening and assessment of the risk of enteral nutritional tolerance, formulation of enteral nutrition preparations, enteral nutritional feeding implementation, feeding intolerance symptom prevention and management and multidisciplinary management. These five aspects constitute a good implementation process. Screening and assessment of enteral nutritional tolerance throughout intervention are important guarantees for developing a feasible nutrition program in critically ill patients. This study will be benefit to global medical workers in the nutritional management of critically ill patients. REPORTING METHOD: This evidence summary followed the evidence summary reporting specifications of Fudan University Center for Evidence-based Nursing, which were based on the methodological process for the summary of the evidence produced by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The reporting specifications include problem establishment, literature retrieval, literature screening, literature evaluation, the summary and grading of evidence and the formation of practical suggestions. This study was based on the evidence summary reporting specifications of the Fudan University Center for the Evidence-based Nursing, the register name is 'Best evidence summary for prevention and management of enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients', the registration number is 'ES20231823'.
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Enfermedad Crítica , Nutrición Enteral , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Nutrición Enteral/métodos , Enfermedad Crítica/terapia , Estado Nutricional , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Nutrición ParenteralRESUMEN
Coordination engineering strategy for optimizing the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts (SACs) has been rapidly developed over the last decade. However, previous reports on copper SACs for nitrate reduction reactions (NO3RR) have mostly focused on symmetric coordination configurations such as Cu-N4 and Cu-N3. In addition, the mechanism in terms of the regulation of coordination environment and catalytic properties of SACs has not been well demonstrated. Herein, we disrupted the local symmetric structure of copper atoms by introducing unsaturated heteroatomic coordination of Cu-O and Cu-N to achieve the coordination desymmetrization of Cu-N1O2 SACs. The Cu-N1O2 SACs exhibit an efficient nitrate-to-ammonia conversion with a high FE of ~96.5 % and a yield rate of 3120â µg NH3 h-1 cm-2 at -0.60â V vs RHE. As indicated by in situ Raman spectra, the catalysts facilitate the accumulation of NO3 - and the selective adsorption of *NO2, which were further confirmed by the theoretical study of surface dipole moment and orbital hybridization. Our work illustrated the correlation between the coordination desymmetrization and the catalytic performance of copper SACs for NO3RR.
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Unisexual animals are commonly found in some polyploid species complexes, and most of these species have had a long evolutionary history. However, their method for avoiding genomic decay remains unclear. The polyploid Carassius complex naturally comprises the sexual amphidiploid C. auratus (crucian carp or goldfish) (AABB) and the gynogenetic amphitriploid C. gibelio (gibel carp) (AAABBB). Recently, we developed a fertile synthetic amphitetraploid (AAAABBBB) male from C. gibelio by incorporating a C. auratus genome. In this study, we generated novel amphitriploids (AAABBB) by backcrossing the amphitetraploid male with the amphidiploid C. auratus. Whole-genome resequencing revealed the genomic changes, including recombination and independent assortment between homologs of C. gibelio and C. auratus. The fertility, sex determination system, oocyte development, and fertilization behaviors of the novel amphitriploids were investigated. Approximately 80% of the novel amphitriploid females recovered the unisexual gynogenesis ability. Intriguingly, two types of primary oocyte (with and without homolog synapsis) were discovered, and their distinct development fates were observed. Type I oocytes entered apoptosis due to improper synaptonemal complex assembly and incomplete double-strand break repair, whereas subsequent type II oocytes bypassed meiosis through an alternative ameiotic pathway to develop into mature eggs. Moreover, gynogenesis was stabilized in their offspring, and a new array of diverse gynogenetic amphitriploid clones was produced. These revealed genomic changes and detailed cytological data provide comprehensive evidence that changes in ploidy drive unisexual and sexual reproduction transition, thereby resulting in genomic diversity and allowing C. gibelio avoid genomic decay.
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Carpas , Poliploidía , Animales , Femenino , Genómica , Masculino , Ploidias , Reproducción/genéticaRESUMEN
Integration of human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA into the human genome may progressively contribute to cervical carcinogenesis. To explore how HPV integration affects gene expression by altering DNA methylation during carcinogenesis, we analyzed a multiomics dataset for cervical cancer. We obtained multiomics data by HPV-capture sequencing, RNA sequencing, and Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing from 50 patients with cervical cancer. We detected 985 and 485 HPV-integration sites in matched tumor and adjacent paratumor tissues. Of these, LINC00486 (n = 19), LINC02425 (n = 11), LLPH (n = 11), PROS1 (n = 5), KLF5 (n = 4), LINC00392 (n = 3), MIR205HG (n = 3) and NRG1 (n = 3) were identified as high-frequency HPV-integrated genes, including five novel recurrent genes. Patients at clinical stage II had the highest number of HPV integrations. E6 and E7 genes of HPV16 but not HPV18 showed significantly fewer breakpoints than random distribution. HPV integrations occurring in exons were associated with altered gene expression in tumor tissues but not in paratumor tissues. A list of HPV-integrated genes regulated at transcriptomic or epigenetic level was reported. We also carefully checked the candidate genes with regulation pattern correlated in both levels. HPV fragments integrated at MIR205HG mainly came from the L1 gene of HPV16. RNA expression of PROS1 was downregulated when HPV integrated in its upstream region. RNA expression of MIR205HG was elevated when HPV integrated into its enhancer. The promoter methylation levels of PROS1 and MIR205HG were all negatively correlated with their gene expressions. Further experimental validations proved that upregulation of MIR205HG could promote the proliferative and migrative abilities of cervical cancer cells. Our data provides a new atlas for epigenetic and transcriptomic regulations regarding HPV integrations in cervical cancer genome. We demonstrate that HPV integration may affect gene expression by altering methylation levels of MIR205HG and PROS1. Our study provides novel biological and clinical insights into HPV-induced cervical cancer.
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Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Femenino , Humanos , Virus del Papiloma Humano , Transcriptoma , Multiómica , Epigenómica , Transformación Celular Neoplásica , Carcinogénesis/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , ARN/metabolismo , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/genética , Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales/genética , Integración ViralRESUMEN
A Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain BaP3T, was isolated from the soil. Strain BaP3T grew at 16-37â (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). Additionally, strain BaP3T could tolerate NaCl concentrations in the range 0-6â% (optimum, 1%). Moreover, strain BaP3T was motile by flagella. The phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences showed that strain BaP3T belonged to the genus Pseudomonas, and the sequence was most closely related to Pseudomonas oryzihabitans CGMCC 1.3392T and Pseudomonas psychrotolerans DSM 15758T, with 99.66â% sequence similarity. Pseudomonas rhizoryzae RY24T was the next closely related species, exhibiting 99.38â% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between strain BaP3T and its closely related types were below 50 and 92â%, respectively. Both results were below the cut-off for species distinction. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain BaP3T was 65.30 mol%. The predominant quinone in strain BaP3T was identified as ubiquinone Q-9. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18â:â1 ω7c and/or C18â:â1 ω6c), summed feature 3 (C16â:â1 ω7c and/or C16â:â1 ω6c) and C16â:â0. These results indicated that strain BaP3T represents a novel species in the genus Pseudomonas. The type strain is BaP3T (CCTCC AB 2022379T=JCM 35914T), for which the name Pseudomonas benzopyrenica sp. nov. is proposed.
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Benzo(a)pireno , Suelo , Composición de Base , Ácidos Grasos/química , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Pseudomonas/genéticaRESUMEN
A pink-coloured, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic and rod-shaped strain, designated 75T, was isolated from Collins glacier front till, Antarctica. Strain 75T was non-motile and non-spore-forming. Growth was observed at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0), at 4-45 °C (optimum, 20 °C) and with 0-9â% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1%). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 75T belongs to the genus Rhodococcus, and is related to Rhodococcus gannanensis DSM 104003T, Rhodococcus aerolatus KCTC29240T and Rhodococcus agglutinans KCTC 39118T (96.1, 96.0 and 95.7â% sequence similarity, respectively). The main polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and a phosphoglycolipid. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as C16â:â0, iso- C16â:â0, 10-methyl C17â:â0 and C17â:â1 ω8c. MK-7 and MK-8(H4) were found to be the dominant menaquinones. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, ribose, galactose, glucose and rhamnose. The genome of strain 75T is 3.82 Mb long in size with a G+C content of 73.1 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, molecular and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain 75T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the name Rhodococcus antarcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 75T (=CCTCC AA 2019032T=KCTC 49334T).
Asunto(s)
Ácidos Grasos , Rhodococcus , Ácidos Grasos/química , Fosfolípidos/química , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Regiones Antárticas , Cubierta de Hielo , Composición de Base , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Vitamina K 2/químicaRESUMEN
Hard and superconducting materials play significant roles in their respective application areas and are also crucial research fields in condensed matter physics. Materials with the key properties of both hard and superconducting properties could lead to technology development, but it is also full of challenges. Herein, we report the synthesis of high-quality metastable W3P single crystals with superconductivity and excellent mechanical properties. The synergistic effect of temperature and pressure was effective in suppressing further decomposition of metastable W3P as-synthesized by our synthesis technique (high-pressure and high-temperature method). The transport and magnetic measurements indicate that W3P is a typical type-II BCS superconductor, displaying a superconducting transition temperature of 5.9 K and an impressive critical magnetic field of 4.35 T. Theory calculations reveal a metallic property in W3P, and the phonon modes of the vibration of W atoms are important for electron-phonon interaction. Meanwhile, W3P shows excellent mechanical properties with a high fracture toughness of 8 MPa m1/2 and an impressive asymptotic hardness of 22 GPa, which is currently reported as being the hardest among transition metal phosphides. It opens up a new class of advanced materials that combine excellent mechanical properties with superconductivity.