[Hygienists of the Military Medical Academy - participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident].

The main task of the military medical service in the area of work to eliminate the consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster was to organize and carry out sanitary and hygienic measures aimed at preventing radiation exposure to liquidators-military personnel in excess of the established dose limits and the emergence of mass infectious and non-infectious diseases. The article summarizes the experience of the participation of the employees of the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy in the implementation of anti-radiation and other preventive measures in the area of the accident. The entire faculty. of the Department of Naval and Radiation Hygiene and a number of employees of the Department of General and Military Hygiene, who on a rotational basis were continuously in the zone of work to eliminate the consequences of the accident, went through the mill of Chernobyl. Their personal contribution to the solution of urgent scientific and applied problems -of minimization of radiation impact and preservation of health of servicemen-liquidators of the accident were noted.

[Status and development prospects of radiological health in the Navy].

More than 7.5 thousands of people work as military and civilian personnel and have an access to a lot of sources of ionizing radiation on ships and vessels, at coastal units and institutions of the Navy. This fact determines the importance of radiation safety and medical preventive measures on naval fleets. The article analyses the state of radiation-hygienic measures, outlines the conceptual basis for the development of radiation hygiene in the Navy. Substantiated reconstruction tasks effectiveness of health control and state sanitary and epidemiological supervision of radiation safety, provides information about the optimal set of instruments for radiation monitoring equipment radiobiological laboratories and centres of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision at various levels.

[Impulse noise at shooting from small arms and close combat weapon as the factor of military work].

The high-intensity impulse noise which is basic source in Armed forces are the firearms, has an adverse effect on professional soldiers, leading to decrease of professional working capacity and health deterioration. Due to influence of this factor the considerable part of military men has a hearing impairment and other diseases, including an arterial hypertension. The basic directions of protection of men from impulse noise are: perfection of hygienic rationing, optimization of the using of antinoise earphones, development of new generation of means of individual defense from noise.

[Promising directions of optimization of providing radiological safety in large-scale treatment-and-preventive institutions].

The article contains results of fulfilled studies that allowed finding main features of radiology safety, working out academic and research recommendations to perfect radiology safety in treatment-and-preventive institutions (TPI) and creating a method of calculation of authorized staffing needed by radiological safety services. It was established that the following actions are least fulfilled: radiation control, organization of radiation safety education, authorization for work with ionizing radiation both for military men and civil staff, maintenance of documentation. We suggest that promising direction of optimization of providing radiological safety in large-scale TPI is the following: allotment of special structure that will provide comprehensive fulfillment of regulatory documents demands, it may be, e. g. radiological safety service.

[Hygienic estimation of combined influence of noise and infrasound on the organism of military men].

Hygienic estimation of combined influence of noise and infrasound on the organism of military men. Combined influence of noise and infrasound is accompanied by essential increase of risk of development neurosensory deafness and hypertensive illness. At combined influence of noise and infrasound with a maximum of a spectrum in the field of a sound range the probability of development neurosensory deafness will prevail. Thus probability of development of pathology of ear above the values established ISO 1999:1990. In a case if the spectrum maximum is necessary on an infrasonic range the probability of development of a hypertensive illness.

[A hygienic validation of prospective ways to decrease the amount of solid wastes on board ship]. / Gigienicheskoe obosnovanie perspektivnykh putei umen'sheniia na korabliakh kolichestva tverdykh otkhodov.

The most perspective way of reduction of solid waste on board the ship is to modify the system of food supplies. The new system must provide for food which is completely ready for use or contain semi-finished products which need few cookery. The food packings must be easily utilized or recycled. The existing amount of garbage on board the ship will be sorted, pressed, treated by conservants, packed into polyethylene bags, and stocked in special compartments or vacant refrigerated store-rooms. The realization of these proposals will make it possible to reduce the quantity of garbage on board the ship, lower the expenditure of labour and electricity for cookery, reduce the potable water consumption, and diminish the size and the quantity of caboose equipment. It's possible to use electric ovens to heat the food, reduce or exclude the usage of submarine disposable containers, and thus, preserve the ecology of world ocean.