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1.
Langmuir ; 40(24): 12427-12436, 2024 Jun 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38804701

RESUMEN

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production owing to the utilization of sustainable solar energy and its promising performance. Silicon-based composites are generally considered ideal materials for PEC hydrogen production. However, slow reaction kinetics and poor stability are still key factors hindering the development of silicon-based photoelectrocatalysts. Herein, we present an n+-p Si pyramidal photocathode assembly method to load reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto the surface of the n+-p Si pyramid by covalently linking (Si/rGO). rGO is utilized as a conductive layer to reduce the interfacial charge-transfer resistance. Then, MoS2 can be successfully electrodeposited on the surface of Si/rGO to form the Si/rGO/MoS2 composite, which possesses excellent PEC hydrogen evolution performance with a high and stable photocurrent of -41.6 mA cm-2 and a hydrogen evolution rate of about 18.1 µmol min-1 cm-2 under 0 V (vs RHE). The covalently linking rGO layer effectively enhances the transfer of photogenerated carriers between the Si substrate and MoS2. MoS2 provides abundant hydrogen evolution active sites, which accelerate the surface reaction kinetics, as well as a protective layer for the Si pyramidal array structure. This work provides a low-cost, convenient, and efficient way of preparing silicon-based photocathodes.

2.
BMC Neurol ; 24(1): 242, 2024 Jul 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38997640

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Bow Hunter's syndrome (BHS), also known as rotational vertebral artery occlusion (RVAO), is a rare condition characterized by dynamic vertebrobasilar insufficiency due to position-dependent occlusion of the vertebral artery (VA). In the existing literature, most cases of BHS are attributed to osteophytic compression originating from the occipital condyle or within the transverse foramen, often accompanied by anatomical abnormalities of the VA. However, cases presenting solely with VA anomalies in the absence of any cervical vertebral structural abnormality are rare. This case report presents a unique instance of BHS in a 56-year-old male, attributed to the anomalous origin of the right VA and the absence of the left VA, without cervical structural abnormalities. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient exhibited symptoms like episodic dizziness and vertigo, which were exacerbated by rightward head rotation and alleviated upon returning to a neutral position. Diagnostic evaluation, including digital subtraction angiography, revealed that the right VA originated from the right common carotid artery and compression-induced stenosis of the right VA during head rotation. Conservative management, including avoidance of certain head movements and anti-arteriosclerosis medication, led to symptom resolution over a two-year follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This report contributes to the understanding of BHS by highlighting a rare vascular anomaly presentation and incorporates a review of 14 similar case reports in the literature describing that an anatomical abnormality of the VA is mainly responsible for the pathology of BHS in the absence of cervical vertebral anomalies, thus emphasizing the need for careful diagnostic and management strategies.


Asunto(s)
Arteria Vertebral , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Arteria Vertebral/anomalías , Arteria Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Vertebral/patología , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar/diagnóstico
3.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol ; 70(3): 2003-2007, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32234114

RESUMEN

A yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile rod shaped, mesophilic bacterium, designated strain N7XX-4T, was isolated from cattail root grown on the mine tailings of Phoenix mountain, Tongling city, Anhui Province (PR China). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the strain represented a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae. The nearest phylogenetic neighbour was Lysinimonas kribbensis MSL-13T (97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The most abundant fatty acid in whole cells of N7XX-4T was anteiso-C15 : 0 (29.9 %). The predominant menaquinones were MK-12(H2), MK-13(H2) and MK-11(H2). The peptidoglycan type of the isolate was B1δ with l-Lys as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid. On the basis of differences in phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain N7XX-4T (=CGMCC 1.16548T=DSM 106791T=JCM 32630T) is designated as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Lysinimonas, for which the name Lysinimonas yzui sp. nov. is proposed.


Asunto(s)
Actinobacteria/clasificación , Minería , Filogenia , Microbiología del Suelo , Typhaceae/microbiología , Actinobacteria/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Composición de Base , Pared Celular/química , China , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Grasos/química , Peptidoglicano/química , Pigmentación , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Vitamina K 2/química
4.
J Cell Mol Med ; 22(3): 1517-1526, 2018 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29266709

RESUMEN

Hypertension causes cardiac hypertrophy and leads to heart failure. Apoptotic cells are common in hypertensive hearts. Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is associated with apoptosis. We recently demonstrated that gallic acid reduces nitric oxide synthase inhibition-induced hypertension. Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid and has been shown to have beneficial effects, such as anti-cancer, anti-calcification and anti-oxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether gallic acid regulates cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis in essential hypertension. Gallic acid significantly lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and H&E staining revealed that gallic acid reduced cardiac enlargement in SHRs. Gallic acid treatment decreased cardiac hypertrophy marker genes, including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), in SHRs. The four isoforms, α, ß, δ and γ, of CaMKII were increased in SHRs and were significantly reduced by gallic acid administration. Gallic acid reduced cleaved caspase-3 protein as well as bax, p53 and p300 mRNA levels in SHRs. CaMKII δ overexpression induced bax and p53 expression, which was attenuated by gallic acid treatment in H9c2 cells. Gallic acid treatment reduced DNA fragmentation and the TUNEL positive cells induced by angiotensin II. Taken together, gallic acid could be a novel therapeutic for the treatment of hypertension through suppression of CaMKII δ-induced apoptosis.


Asunto(s)
Antihipertensivos/farmacología , Proteína Quinasa Tipo 2 Dependiente de Calcio Calmodulina/genética , Cardiotónicos/farmacología , Ácido Gálico/farmacología , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/tratamiento farmacológico , Angiotensina II/farmacología , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Apoptosis/genética , Factor Natriurético Atrial/genética , Factor Natriurético Atrial/metabolismo , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína Quinasa Tipo 2 Dependiente de Calcio Calmodulina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteína Quinasa Tipo 2 Dependiente de Calcio Calmodulina/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/genética , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Línea Celular , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Hipertensión/enzimología , Hipertensión/genética , Hipertensión/patología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/enzimología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/genética , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/patología , Isoenzimas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Isoenzimas/genética , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Masculino , Miocitos Cardíacos/efectos de los fármacos , Miocitos Cardíacos/enzimología , Miocitos Cardíacos/patología , Péptido Natriurético Encefálico/genética , Péptido Natriurético Encefálico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/genética , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas SHR , Ratas Endogámicas WKY , Transducción de Señal , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/genética , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción p300-CBP/genética , Factores de Transcripción p300-CBP/metabolismo
5.
Cell Physiol Biochem ; 42(3): 1202-1212, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28683453

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aims to investigate the role of circular antisense non-coding RNA at the INK4 locus (cANRIL) in the inflammatory response of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in a rat model of coronary atherosclerosis (AS). A rat model of AS was established with rats that were injected with a large dose of vitamin D3 and fed a high-fat diet. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly assigned into control, model, empty vector, over-expressed cANRIL and low-expressed cANRIL groups (12 rats in each group). Sixteen weeks later, the ultrastructure of their coronary arteries was observed via transmission electron microscopy. Rat serum lipid levels were analyzed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, and their atherogenic index (AI) values were calculated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the endothelial morphology of rats. Additionally, rat EC apoptosis was tested via a TUNEL assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were applied to measure serum levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The cANRIL, Bax, bcl-2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression levels were measured with a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression levels of Bax, bcl-2 and caspase-3 were detected using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: In the control group, ECs were closely arranged with normal structures, and there was no proliferation. In the model, empty vector and over-expressed cANRIL groups, some cells were not present, and atherosclerotic plaques and thrombi appeared. However, in the under-expressed cANRIL group, the cells had a normal structure. Compared with the model and empty vector groups, the levels of total cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TGs), low density lipoprotein (LDL), IL-1, IL-6, MMP-9, CRP, cANRIL, Bax, and caspase-3, AI values, and rates of EC apoptosis decreased in the low-expressed cANRIL group, while HDL (high density lipoprotein) levels and mRNA and protein expression levels of bcl-2 were increased. The changes in expression levels in the over-expressed cANRIL group were the opposite of those in the low-expressed cANRIL group. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence that reduced cANRIL expression could prevent coronary AS by reducing vascular EC apoptosis and inflammatory factor expression.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/inmunología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Células Endoteliales/inmunología , Células Endoteliales/patología , ARN Largo no Codificante/inmunología , Animales , Apoptosis , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Proteína C-Reactiva/inmunología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/genética , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/genética , Inflamación/inmunología , Inflamación/patología , Interleucina-1/sangre , Interleucina-1/inmunología , Interleucina-6/sangre , Interleucina-6/inmunología , Masculino , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/sangre , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/inmunología , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Ratas Wistar
6.
J Cell Mol Med ; 20(12): 2289-2298, 2016 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27420561

RESUMEN

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and renal fibrosis are closely involved in chronic kidney disease. Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) has an anti-fibrotic effect in various diseases. However, the pathophysiological role of isoform-specific HDACs or class-selective HDACs in renal fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we investigated EMT markers and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in a human proximal tubular cell line (HK-2) by using HDAC inhibitors or by knockdown of class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2, 3 and 8). Trichostatin A (TSA), MS275, PCI34051 and LMK235 inhibited ECM proteins such as collagen type I or fibronectin in transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-ß1)-induced HK2 cells. However, restoration of TGF-ß1-induced E-cadherin down-regulation was only seen in HK-2 cells treated with TSA or MS275, but not with PCI34051, whereas TGF-ß1-induced N-cadherin expression was not affected by the inhibitors. ECM protein and EMT marker levels were prevented or restored by small interfering RNA transfection against HDAC8, but not against other class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2 and 3). E-cadherin regulation is mediated by HDAC8 expression, but not by HDAC8 enzyme activity. Thus, class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2, 3 and 8) play a major role in regulating ECM and EMT, whereas class IIa HDACs (HDAC4 and 5) are less effective.


Asunto(s)
Cadherinas/metabolismo , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilasas/metabolismo , Túbulos Renales Proximales/citología , Antígenos CD , Benzamidas/farmacología , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Línea Celular , Regulación hacia Abajo/efectos de los fármacos , Células Epiteliales/efectos de los fármacos , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Inhibidores de Histona Desacetilasas/farmacología , Humanos , Ácidos Hidroxámicos/farmacología , Indoles/farmacología , Piridinas/farmacología , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/farmacología
7.
Can J Microbiol ; 60(11): 753-9, 2014 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25345758

RESUMEN

Great attention has been focused on Gram-negative bacteria in the application of microbial fuel cells. In this study, the Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecalis was employed in microbial fuel cells. Bacterial biofilms formed by E. faecalis ZER6 were investigated with respect to electricity production through the riboflavin-shuttled extracellular electron transfer. Trace riboflavin was shown to be essential for transferring electrons derived from the oxidation of glucose outside the peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall of E. faecalis biofilms formed on the surface of electrodes, in the absence of other potential electron mediators (e.g., yeast extract).


Asunto(s)
Fuentes de Energía Bioeléctrica , Electrodos , Electrones , Enterococcus faecalis/metabolismo , Riboflavina/metabolismo , Biopelículas , Electricidad , Transporte de Electrón , Glucosa/metabolismo , Oxidación-Reducción
8.
Food Funct ; 15(11): 5929-5941, 2024 Jun 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38738702

RESUMEN

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease, and its development and prognosis are influenced by many nutrients. However, the relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and COPD remains unclear. Methods: This study searched all literature reports on PUFAs and COPD based on electronic databases from their inception up to October 2023. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the differences in PUFAs between COPD patients and controls, the risk of COPD in subjects with different levels of PUFA concentrations, and the effect of PUFA supplementation on COPD. Results: A total of nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria, which included 155 636 subjects. Our meta-analysis results showed that the daily dietary intake of PUFAs was lower in COPD patients than in controls (SMD = -0.80 g, 95% CI: -1.28, -0.31 g, I2 = 98.6%, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the lower n-3 PUFA levels and higher n-6 PUFA levels were associated with an increased risk of COPD (effect size n-3 = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77, 0.98, I2 = 52.2%, P = 0.018; effect size n-6 = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.43, I2 = 75.2%, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the PUFA supplementation group was higher than that in the control group (SMD = 0.63 mg dL-1, 95% CI: 0.15, 1.12 mg dL-1, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.697). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis indicated a potential relationship between PUFAs and COPD. More large-scale prospective cohort studies and clinical trials are necessary to validate this relationship.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Grasos Insaturados , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica , Humanos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Masculino , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad
9.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38391059

RESUMEN

Metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1), a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NuRD) corepressor complex, was reported to be expressed in the cytoplasm of skeletal muscles. However, the exact subcellular localization and the functional implications of MTA1 in skeletal muscles have not been examined. This study aims to demonstrate the subcellular localization of MTA1 in skeletal muscles and reveal its possible roles in skeletal muscle pathogenesis. Striated muscles (skeletal and cardiac) from C57BL/6 mice of 4-5 weeks were collected to examine the expression of MTA1 by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy were performed for MTA1, α-actinin (a Z-disc marker protein), and SMN (survival of motor neuron) proteins. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets were analyzed using the GEO2R online tool to explore the functional implications of MTA1 in skeletal muscles. MTA1 expression was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Subcellular localization of MTA1 was found in the Z-disc of sarcomeres, where α-actinin and SMN were expressed. Data mining of GEO profiles suggested that MTA1 dysregulation is associated with multiple skeletal muscle defects, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, nemaline myopathy, and dermatomyositis. The GEO analysis also showed that MTA1 expression gradually decreased with age in mouse skeletal muscle precursor cells. The subcellular localization of MTA1 in sarcomeres of skeletal muscles implies its biological roles in sarcomere structures and its possible contribution to skeletal muscle pathology.

10.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 652(Pt B): 1653-1664, 2023 Dec 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37666197

RESUMEN

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) generates high value-added products and simultaneously reduces excess atmospheric CO2 concentrations, is regarded as a potential approach to achieve carbon neutrality. However, the kinetic process of the anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is slow, resulting in a poor electrochemical efficiency of CO2RR. It is a breakthrough to replace OER with methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), which has more advantageous reaction kinetics. Herein, this work proposed a bifunctional catalyst Bi2O3-SnO modified CuO nanowires (Bi2O3-SnO@CuO NWs) with excellent CO2RR and MOR performance. For CO2RR, Bi2O3-SnO@CuO NWs achieved more than 90% formate selectivity at wide potential windows from -0.88 to -1.08 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)), peaking at 96.6%. Meanwhile, anodic Bi2O3-SnO@CuO NWs achieved 100 mA cm-2 at a low potential of 1.53 V (vs. RHE), possessing nearly 100% formate selectivity ranging from 1.6 to 1.8 V (vs. RHE). Impressively, by coupling cathodic CO2RR and anodic MOR, the integrated electrolytic cell realized co-production of formate (cathode: 94.7% and anode: 97.5%), minimizing the energy input by approximately 69%, compared with CO2RR. This work provided a meaningful perspective for the design of bifunctional catalysts and coupling reaction systems in CO2RR.

11.
Transl Cancer Res ; 12(4): 765-773, 2023 Apr 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37180668

RESUMEN

Background: We invest computed tomography (CT) image differences between non-invasive adenocarcinomas (NIAs) and invasive adenocarcinomas (IAs) presenting as pure ground glass nodules (GGNs). Methods: From 2013 to 2019, 48 pure GGNs were surgically resected in 45 patients. Of these, 40 were pathologically diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We assessed them using the Synapse Vincent (Fujifilm Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) three-dimensional (3D) analysis system; we drew histograms of the CT densities. We calculated the maximum, minimum, means, and standard deviations of the densities. The proportions of GGNs of high CT density were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic performance was investigated via receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. Results: Of the 40 pure GGNs, 20 were NIAs (4 adenocarcinomas in situ and 16 minimally IAs) and 20 IAs. Significant correlations were evident between histological invasiveness and the maximum and mean CT densities and the standard deviation. Neither the nodule volume nor the minimum CT density significantly predicted invasiveness. A CT volume density proportion >-300 Hounsfield units optimally predicted the invasiveness of pure GGNs; the cutoff was 5.41% with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 95%. Conclusions: CT density reflected the invasiveness of pure GGNs. A CT volume proportion density >-300 Hounsfield units may significantly predict histological invasiveness.

12.
Epileptic Disord ; 14(3): 298-303, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22940092

RESUMEN

Simultaneous SEEG-MEG recording has the potential to define the epileptic spike source accurately. We present a case of a 55-year-old female with intractable left temporal lobe epilepsy in whom we evaluated the relationship between the amplitude recorded from SEEG electrodes, inserted in the lateral temporal region, and their distance from the MEG-modelled spike. We found a quadratic fall-off relationship between the amplitude and distance. This result supports the concept that the MEG dipoles reflect the "centre" of spike locations and may provide comprehensive information for SEEG which records spike activities directly but is inherently limited in spatial sampling.


Asunto(s)
Electroencefalografía , Magnetoencefalografía , Epilepsia Refractaria , Epilepsia , Humanos , Lóbulo Temporal
13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36360826

RESUMEN

Floods are frequent natural disasters and could have serious impacts on aquatic environments. Eukaryotic communities in artificial canals influenced by floods remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variabilities among eukaryotes in response to floods in the Grand Canal, China. Generally, 781,078 sequence reads were obtained from 18S rRNA gene sequencing, with 304,721 and 476,357 sequence reads detected before and after flooding, respectively. Sediment samples collected after the floods exhibited a higher degree of richness and biodiversity but lower evenness than those before the floods. The eukaryotic communities changed from Fungi-dominated before floods to Stramenopile-dominated after floods. The spatial turnover of various species was the main contributor to the longitudinal construction of eukaryotes both before the floods (ßSIM = 0.7054) and after the floods (ßSIM = 0.6858). Some eukaryotic groups responded strongly to floods and might pose unpredictable risks to human health and environmental health. For example, Pezizomycetes, Catenulida, Glomeromycetes, Ellipura, etc. disappeared after the floods. Conversely, Lepocinclis, Synurale, Hibberdiales, Acineta, Diptera, and Rhinosporidium were all frequently detected after the floods, but not prior to the floods. Functional analyses revealed amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, translation, and energy metabolism as the main metabolic pathways, predicting great potential for these processes in the Grand Canal.


Asunto(s)
Biodiversidad , Inundaciones , Humanos , Eucariontes , China
14.
Front Neurosci ; 16: 988283, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36061592

RESUMEN

Ischemic stroke is associated with increasing morbidity and has become the main cause of death and disability worldwide. Cerebral edema is a serious complication arising from ischemic stroke. It causes an increase in intracranial pressure, rapid deterioration of neurological symptoms, and formation of cerebral hernia, and is an important risk factor for adverse outcomes after stroke. To date, the detailed mechanism of cerebral edema after stroke remains unclear. This limits advances in prevention and treatment strategies as well as drug development. This review discusses the classification and pathological characteristics of cerebral edema, the possible relationship of the development of cerebral edema after ischemic stroke with aquaporin 4, the SUR1-TRPM4 channel, matrix metalloproteinase 9, microRNA, cerebral venous reflux, inflammatory reactions, and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. It also summarizes research on new therapeutic drugs for post-stroke cerebral edema. Thus, this review provides a reference for further studies and for clinical treatment of cerebral edema after ischemic stroke.

15.
Epilepsia ; 51(4): 639-46, 2010 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20002151

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides information about magnitude (diffusivity) and directionality (fractional anisotropy, FA) of water diffusion and allows visualization of major white matter tracts. The arcuate fasciculus (AF) connects anterior (Broca's) and posterior (Wernicke's) language areas. We hypothesized that essential language areas identified by direct cortical stimulation would colocalize with areas revealing subcortical connectivity via the AF. METHODS: Fourteen patients with pharmacoresistant left hemispheric epilepsy and left hemisphere language dominance underwent invasive evaluations for localization of epileptogenicity and functional mapping. DTI and T1-weighted volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were coregistered, and subdural grid electrodes identified on postimplantation computed tomography (CT) scans were also coregistered to the MRI scans. The AF was reconstructed from a region lateral to the corona radiata on the FA map. Colocalization, defined as <1 cm between the AF and the electrode positions delineating language cortex, was visually assessed with excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.98). RESULTS: A total of 71 subdural grid contacts were overlying language cortex. Nineteen contacts in eight patients were over Broca's area, 16 of which (84.2%) colocalized with the AF. Fifty-two contacts in 10 patients were over Wernicke's area, with colocalization in 29 patients (55.8%). Colocalization was significantly greater in anterior regions than in posterior regions [chi(2)(1) = 4.850, p < 0.05]. DISCUSSION: The AF, as visualized with DTI, colocalized well with anterior language areas, but less so with posterior language areas, inferring that the latter are more spatially dispersed.


Asunto(s)
Mapeo Encefálico/métodos , Imagen de Difusión Tensora/métodos , Electroencefalografía , Epilepsias Parciales/fisiopatología , Lóbulo Frontal/fisiopatología , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodos , Lenguaje , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Red Nerviosa/fisiopatología , Procesamiento de Señales Asistido por Computador , Lóbulo Temporal/fisiopatología , Electrodos Implantados , Humanos , Tamaño de los Órganos/fisiología , Valores de Referencia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
16.
Epileptic Disord ; 12(4): 292-302, 2010 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20952353

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether patients with neocortical epilepsy show evidence for increased excitability measured by cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) in ictal-onset regions. METHODS: In patients undergoing intracranial recordings with subdural electrodes for epilepsy surgery, we measured amplitudes, latencies, and stimulus thresholds of CCEPs near ictal onset zones (iCCEPs), and compared with adjacent neocortex not associated with ictal EEG (nCCEP). CCEP amplitude and latency measurements were made with each stimulation site, using graded stimulation intensities. RESULTS: Ten patients were included in this study. CCEPs were recorded in eight of 10 patients. The first negative (N1) iCCEP amplitude was higher than that of nCCEP in seven of the eight patients. In the group analysis, this difference was statistically significant. In three of these patients, the difference was individually significant. In one patient, the amplitude was higher in nCCEP than iCCEP and the area selected as nCCEP was within primary eloquent cortex. There was no significant difference seen in latency changes or stimulus threshold. CONCLUSIONS: Accentuated CCEP amplitudes near ictal onset zones could reflect an increased excitability of the cortex associated with the epileptogenic zone in some patients with neocortical epilepsy. The response of the neocortex to low-frequency stimulation may vary depending on the presence or absence of intrinsic epileptogenicity.


Asunto(s)
Electroencefalografía , Epilepsia/fisiopatología , Potenciales Evocados , Neocórtex/fisiopatología , Adolescente , Adulto , Mapeo Encefálico/métodos , Niño , Estimulación Eléctrica/métodos , Electrodos Implantados , Electroencefalografía/métodos , Epilepsia/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neocórtex/cirugía , Espacio Subdural , Adulto Joven
17.
J Thorac Dis ; 12(5): 2467-2473, 2020 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32642153

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Recent advances in imaging modalities and recommended low-dose computed tomography screening programs have made it easier to diagnose early lung cancer. However, the diagnosis of small ground-glass nodules (GGNs) has been problematic due to inappropriate specimen procurement and failure of conventional percutaneous core needle biopsy. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided video-assisted lung resection for not only the diagnosis but also treatment of GGNs. METHODS: From 2017 to 2019, 110 patients with suspicious lung cancer lesions that were not diagnosed by conventional procedure underwent ENB-guided lung resection. Among 35 cases of GGNs, 33 cases of localization were included in this study (two cup biopsy cases were excluded). We used SuperDimension™ for the ENB procedure. After general anesthesia, indigo carmine (0.3-0.5 mL) was injected, and GGNs were resected through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. RESULTS: Of the 33 GGNs, 16 were pure (2 adenocarcinomas in situ, 5 minimally invasive adenocarcinomas (MIAs), 3 adenocarcinomas, and 6 benign lesions) and 17 were mixed (1 MIA, 11 adenocarcinomas, and 5 benign lesions). The mean size of all lesions was 11.2±7.78 mm, mean distance to the pleura was 11.2±14.2 mm, and mean ENB procedure time was 18.8±8.88 minutes. Dye localization and surgical resection of GGN were successful in all cases. There was no procedure-related complication. CONCLUSIONS: ENB is a feasible and highly accurate localization method for minimally invasive lung resection of small GGNs.

18.
Lab Anim Res ; 36: 15, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32518763

RESUMEN

Excessive alcohol consumption induces acute intoxication and various hepatic diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of the CureZyme-ACE (CA), Acetobacter Pasteurianus (AP)-derived product, in acute intoxication rats. The ethanol and acetaldehyde levels of serum were lower in rats treated with CA than those who only treated ethanol. The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase also recovered faster in the CA group than only-ethanol group. The transaminase levels (AST, ALT) in the CA group were significantly lower than only-ethanol group. In addition, Hepatic histological analyses and stomach wall were demonstrated that the CA-treated group recovered faster than only-ethanol group. With regard to most characteristics, we found that CA had dose-dependent effects. At high concentrations of CA, there were no differences in the tested parameters compared to those of normal rats. These findings indicate that CA reduces the serum alcohol concentration and some of the hepatic damage caused by alcohol intoxication.

19.
Exp Ther Med ; 17(1): 649-656, 2019 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30651846

RESUMEN

The exact cause instigating multiple myeloma (MM) has not been fully elucidated, and the disease has a median survival of 6 months without any treatment. To identify potential biomarkers of MM, serum proteins reflecting alteration in their proteomes were analyzed in 6 patients with MM compared with 6 healthy controls using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of flight mass spectrometry. The most notable differentially expressed proteins were validated by immunoblotting and changes in mRNA expression were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A total of 11 differentially expressed protein spots were found. The expression levels of 7 proteins [Immunoglobulin heavy constant µ; proto-oncogene diffuse B-cell lymphoma (DBL2); 26S protease regulatory subunit 4 (P26s4); serum albumin; haptoglobin; and two unknown proteins with isoelectronic point (pI) of 6.41 and molecular weight of 35.4 kDa, and pI of 8.05 and molecular weight of 27.4 kDa, respectively] were downregulated in MM compared with healthy controls. Expression of gel actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A (ARPC1A); immunoglobulin heavy constant γ 1; fibrinogen α chain (FGA) fragment D; and zinc finger protein 70 were increased in serum of MM patients. Protein expressions of ARPC1A, FGA, P26s4 and DBL2 were measured by immunoblotting in an independent cohort of 12 MM patients and 10 healthy controls. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that ARPC1A expression only mimicked protein expression, whereas FGA, PSMC1 (encoding P26s4) and MCF2 (encoding DBL2) did not exhibit significant changes in mRNA expression between control and MM samples. These proteins represent putative serological biomarkers for patients with MM.

20.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 74(2): 526-30, 2008 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17933943

RESUMEN

The impact of long-term organic and inorganic amendments on the actinobacterial community in soils was studied. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis patterns based on the V3 region of 16S rRNA suggested that there was no significant difference between the communities occurring in the different amendments. However, analysis of the clone libraries of the actinobacterial communities by the use of multiple statistical approaches showed that these communities were significantly different from each other. Results showed that long-term organic and inorganic soil amendments did not significantly alter the overall phylogenetic diversity of the actinobacterial communities but did significantly change the community structure.


Asunto(s)
Actinobacteria/crecimiento & desarrollo , Ecosistema , Microbiología del Suelo , Actinobacteria/clasificación , Actinobacteria/genética , Electroforesis/métodos , Fertilizantes , Estiércol , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN
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