[Biochemical characteristics of major fractions of rat liver cells in dimethylnitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis]. / Biokhimicheskaia kharakteristika osnovnykh fraktsii kletok pecheni krys pri kantserogeneze, indutsirovannom nitrozodimetilaminom.

The report deals with a comparative study of the morphological and biochemical indexes in the fractions of parenchymal and non-parenchymal isolated cells of rat's liver, both intact and treated with a polytropic carcinogen-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-for seven months. A higher susceptibility of parenchymal cells to NDMA was established.

[Possibility of endogenous dimethylnitrosamine synthesis in rats administered dimethylamine and nitrite with the food]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnosti éndogennogo sinteza dimetilnitrozamina pri vvedenii krysam s pishchei dimetilamina i nitrita.

Concurrent peroral administration of dimethylamine (DMA) and sodium nitrite to rats produced necrosis of liver parenchyma and increased the activity of glutamicoalanine transaminase. Similar changes were recorded after administering dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) that points to potential synthesis of this carcinogen from the precursors. Prolonged (over 2.5 years) feeding with DMA and nitrite resulted in part of the rats in tumours of the lungs and in other neoplasms. Ascorbic acid that blocks the endogenous synthesis of DMNA interfered with the development of tumour and pretumour lesions that emerged as a result of concurrent feeding with DMA and nitrite.

[The possible carcinogenic action of a protein concentrate from Saccharomyces yeasts grown on molasses]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnogo kantserogennogo deistviia belkovogo kontsentrata iz drozhzhei-sakharomitsetov, vyrashchennykh na melasse.

A testing was done in a chronic experiment on 300 rats and 360 mice of both sexes for carcinogenic potential of a new protein product from Saccharomyces yeast grown in melasse. The production procedures and techniques of the above product have been worked out at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Spirits and Biotechnology of Food Stuffs of Gospishcheprom (State Food Industry) of Ukraine. The studies made showed the new protein product has no carcinogenic effect.

[Food inhibitors of the formation of carcinogenic nitroso compounds]. / Pishchevye ingibitory obrazovaniia kantserogennykh nitrozosoedinenii.

A study was made of the effect of plant preparations, pectin, plantastin, tiliaflan, cholosas and carbonic acid phytoextract from the fruit of the Umbelliferae family (CO2-EP) on the synthesis of carcinogenous nitrosodimethylamine from amidopyrine and sodium nitrite. Gas chromatography made in vitro and in short-term experiments on animals demonstrated plantastin to display an inhibitory action, which was less marked for tiliaflan, CO2-EP and cholosas. The system of experiments in question may be recommended for preliminary screening of the inhibitors of nitrosation with a purpose of using them for the prophylaxis of carcinogenesis induced by nitroso compounds.

[Effect of different kinds of Ocean paste on rat liver biochemical indices in sodium fluoride poisoning]. / Vliianie razlichnzkh vidov pasty "Okean" na biokhimicheskie pokazateli pecheni krys pri intoksikatsii, vyzvannoi ftoridom natriia.

The paper is concerned with the effect of diets including three chemically different types of the "Ocean" paste on biochemical characteristics (glycolysis, the content of phosphofructokinase, dehydrogenase, glucoso-6- phosphate, demethylase, dimethylalaniline hydroxylase, ascorbic acid) of the liver of rats exposed to sodium fluoride overdosage. The test diets were compared with those containing conventional sources of protein (casein, beef). Acute exposure to sodium fluoride caused changes in the biochemical characteristics. The most appreciable changes were seen in the group of rats fed beef. As compared with control, the shifts in the biochemical characteristics were negligible provided the rats exposed to acute and chronic poisoning received the diet supplemented with the paste. No morphological changes were found in the internal organs. The data obtained indicate that the type C "Ocean" paste has a protective action in sodium fluoride poisoning.

[The effect of a long-term administration of fluorine with food on the carcinogenesis and biochemical changes in the liver of rats]. / Vliianie prodolzhitel'nogo vvedeniia ftora s pishchei na kantserogenez i biokhimicheskie izmeneniia v pecheni krys

The effect of different amounts of fluorine in the ingested food (1.5 and 5 mg per 1 kg of body weight) on the development of tumours and biochemical changes in the liver of rats with carcinogenesis caused by their feeding on DAB was studied. With a long-term administration of fluorine in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg the appearance of macroscopically visible tumours in the liver proved less notable than with a lower dose or complete absence of fluorine. With carcinogenesis the rate of glycolysis in the liver of rats increases. A relationship between the inhibiting action of sodium fluoride on the glycolysis and changed activity of phosphofructokinase has been ascertained.

[The possible hypolipidemic action of the dietary fiber from barley meal]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnogo gipolipidemicheskogo deistviia pishchevykh volokon iz muchki iachmenia.

A possible hypocholesteremic property was studied of food fibers from barley in a subchronic experiment on 60 white nondescript male rats under developing hypercholesterolemia of alimentary genesis. An aggravated dose of the above fibers has been shown to reduce deviations from the reference level brought about by administration of exogenous cholesterin. On completing the clinical trials, the studied product may be used in nourishment of those individuals presenting with disordered lipid metabolism.

[Effect of saccharol glycosides on energy metabolism in animals with abnormal carbohydrate tolerance]. / Vliianie glikozidov sakharola na énergeticheskii obmen u zhivotnykh s narushennoi tolerantnostíu k uglevodam.

A trial has been performed of a new sweetening agent saccharol, glycosides complex, on energy metabolism in rats with experimental alloxan diabetes. Elevated glucose level observed in rats with insulin insufficiency was associated with hexokinase activity inhibition and changes in the activity of the enzymes involved in glucose-6-phosphate transformation: enhanced activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase against inhibition of phosphoglucomutase activity. Introduction of saccharose aggravated the above shifts in the rat liver, whereas saccharol possesses a protective action on hexokinase hepatic reaction and enzymes of glucose-6-phosphate conversion, reduced blood glucose. Positive changes induced by saccharol on energy metabolism in animals with insulin insufficiency can be attributed to the effect of saccharol glycosides.

[Inhibiting effect of the polyphenolic complex from Plantago major (plantastine) on the carcinogenic effect of endogenously synthesized nitrosodimethylamine]. / Ingibiruiushchee vliianie polifenol'nogo kompleksa iz podorozhnika bol'shogo--plantastina--na kantserogennyi éffekt éndogenno sintezirovannogo nitrozodimetilamina.

Amidopyrine administered in combination with sodium nitrite in the long-term experiment produces the toxic damage of the liver and tumors in rats in connection with endogenic synthesis of carcinogenic nitrosodimethylamine. The inclusion into the animal diet of the polyphenolic complex from Plantago major--plantastine as an inhibitor of the carcinogen synthesis reduced the toxic damage of the liver that was indicated by normalization of biochemical parameters and also decreased the tumor yield from 87.5% to 33.3%. The data obtained may be the basis for the combined use of plantastine with nitrosated drugs that would contribute to carcinogenesis prevention.