Nylon Fabric/GO Based Self-Powered Humidity Sensor Based on the Galvanic Cell Principle with High Air Permeability and Rapid-Response.

Flexible humidity sensors have received more and more attention in people's lives, and the problems of gas permeability and power supply issues of the device have long been areas in need of improvement. In this work, inspired by the high air permeability of daily wear clothing and galvanic batteries, a self-powered humidity sensor with high air permeability and fast response is designed. A nylon fabric/GO net (as a humidity sensitive layer and solid electrolyte) is obtained by spraying technique. This structure enables the sensor to have fast response/recovery (0.78 s/0.93 s, calculated at 90% of the final value), ultra-high response (0.83 V) and excellent stability (over 150 cycles) at 35 °C. Such sensors are useful for health monitoring, such as non-contact monitoring of human respiratory rate before and after exercise, and monitoring a level of humidity in the palms, arms, and fingers. This research provides an idea for developing a flexible wearable humidity sensor that is both breathable and self-powered and can also be mass-produced similar to wearable clothing.

Corneal wound healing following infrared laser irradiation at the wavelengths of 1.319 and 10.6 µm.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the wound healing of rabbit cornea following infrared laser irradiations at the wavelengths of 1.319 and 10.6 µm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve New Zealand rabbits were selected to establish a corneal injury model. The right and left eyes were irradiated with a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser at the wavelength of 1.319 µm (140 J/cm2 ) for 0.7 s and a CO2 laser at the wavelength of 10.6 µm (5.94 J/cm2 ) for 0.14 s, respectively. The incident spot diameter was 3 mm. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to monitor injuries at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, 24 h, 30 h, 36 h, 42 h, 48 h, 54 h, 60 h, 66 h, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 28 d, 3 m, and 6 m postexposure. Meanwhile, slit-lamp microscopy and histopathology were performed at 6 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 28 d, 3 m, and 6 m postexposure. RESULTS: After the two types of infrared laser injuries, distinct white circular lesions on the corneal surface were directly observed. Deeper corneal injury, more severe edema, and faster migration of new epithelium were found for the wavelength of 1.319 µm, compared to the wavelength of 10.6 µm. CONCLUSIONS: OCT combined with histopathology and slit-lamp microscopy can clearly observe the dynamic process of corneal wound healing after infrared laser irradiation. The damage characteristics for the two different wavelengths were visibly different, but the whole wound healing process was similar. The obtained results may provide references for the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of laser-induced damages.

[Dynamic trajectory and cell communication of different cell clusters in malignant progression of glioblastoma].

OBJECTIVE: To delve deeply into the dynamic trajectories of cell subpopulations and the communication network among immune cell subgroups during the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM), and to endeavor to unearth key risk biomarkers in the GBM malignancy progression, so as to provide a more profound understanding for the treatment and prognosis of this disease by integrating transcriptomic data and clinical information of the GBM patients. METHODS: Utilizing single-cell sequencing data analysis, we constructed a cell subgroup atlas during the malignant progression of GBM. The Monocle2 tool was employed to build dynamic progression trajectories of the tumor cell subgroups in GBM. Through gene enrichment analysis, we explored the biological processes enriched in genes that significantly changed with the malignancy progression of GBM tumor cell subpopulations. CellChat was used to identify the communication network between the different immune cell subgroups. Survival analysis helped in identifying risk molecular markers that impacted the patient prognosis during the malignant progression of GBM. This method ological approach offered a comprehensive and detailed examination of the cellular and molecular dynamics within GBM, providing a robust framework for understanding the disease' s progression and potential therapeutic targets. RESULTS: The analysis of single-cell sequencing data identified 6 different cell types, including lymphocytes, pericytes, oligodendrocytes, macrophages, glioma cells, and microglia. The 27 151 cells in the single-cell dataset included 3 881 cells from the patients with low-grade glioma (LGG), 10 166 cells from the patients with newly diagnosed GBM, and 13 104 cells from the patients with recurrent glioma (rGBM). The pseudo-time analysis of the glioma cell subgroups indicated significant cellular heterogeneity during malignant progression. The cell interaction analysis of immune cell subgroups revealed the communication network among the different immune subgroups in GBM malignancy, identifying 22 biologically significant ligand-receptor pairs across 12 key biological pathways. Survival analysis had identified 8 genes related to the prognosis of the GBM patients, among which SERPINE1, COL6A1, SPP1, LTF, C1S, AEBP1, and SAA1L were high-risk genes in the GBM patients, and ABCC8 was low-risk genes in the GBM patients. These findings not only provided new theoretical bases for the treatment of GBM, but also offered fresh insights for the prognosis assessment and treatment decision-making for the GBM patients. CONCLUSION: This research comprehensively and profoundly reveals the dynamic changes in glioma cell subpopulations and the communication patterns among the immune cell subgroups during the malignant progression of GBM. These findings are of significant importance for understanding the complex biological processes of GBM, providing crucial new insights for precision medicine and treatment decisions in GBM. Through these studies, we hope to provide more effective treatment options and more accurate prognostic assessments for the patients with GBM.

Enzyme-Mediated Proximity Labeling Identifies Small RNAs in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Lumen.

In eukaryotic cells, the subcellular targeting of RNA controls many fundamental aspects of cellular physiology. Despite broad distributions throughout the cytoplasm, RNA molecules are conventionally believed to be excluded from the secretory pathway compartments including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recent discovery of RNA N-glycan modification (glycoRNAs) has challenged this view, but direct evidence of RNA localization in the ER lumen has been lacking. In this study, we applied enzyme-mediated proximity labeling to profile the ER lumen-localized RNAs in human embryonic kidney 293T cells and rat cortical neurons. Our data set reveals the presence of small non-coding RNAs in the ER lumen, including U RNAs and Y RNAs, which raises interesting questions regarding their transport mechanism and biological functions in the ER.

Utility of the capability, opportunity, and motivation behaviour (COM-B) model in explaining the negative association between pre-pregnancy body mass index and exclusive breastfeeding at six weeks postpartum.

The mechanisms underlying the negative associations between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and exclusive breastfeeding remain poorly understood. Thus, the study aimed to determine whether the negative associations between high pre-pregnancy BMI and exclusive breastfeeding at six weeks postpartum are mediated by components of the capability, opportunity, and motivation behaviour (COM-B) model. In this prospective observational study, we assigned 360 primiparous women to a pre-pregnancy overweight/obese group (n = 180) and a normal-BMI group (n = 180). A structural equation model was designed to study how capabilities (onset of lactogenesis II, perceived milk supply, breastfeeding knowledge, and postpartum depression), opportunities (pro-breastfeeding hospital practices, social influence, social support), and motivations (breastfeeding intention, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and attitudes towards breastfeeding) affected exclusive breastfeeding at six weeks postpartum in groups of women with different pre-pregnancy BMIs. In all, 342 participants (95.0%) possessed complete data. Women with high pre-pregnancy BMI were less likely to exclusively breastfeed at six weeks postpartum than women with a normal BMI were. We observed a significant negative direct effect of high pre-pregnancy BMI on exclusive breastfeeding at six weeks postpartum and a significantly negative indirect effect of high pre-pregnancy BMI via the explanatory mediating variables of capabilities (onset of lactogenesis II, perceived milk supply, and breastfeeding knowledge) and motivations (breastfeeding self-efficacy) on exclusive breastfeeding at six weeks postpartum. Our findings support certain capabilities (onset of lactogenesis II, perceived milk supply, and breastfeeding knowledge) and motivations (breastfeeding self-efficacy), partially explaining the negative association between high pre-pregnancy BMI and exclusive breastfeeding outcome. We suggest that interventions aimed at promoting exclusive breastfeeding among women with high pre-pregnancy BMI should address the capacity and motivation factors specific to this population.

Association Between Social Networking Site Use Intensity and Depression Among Chinese Pregnant Women: Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Despite extensive debates about the mental health impacts of the use of social networking sites (SNSs), including WeChat, the association and mechanisms between social interaction of WeChat use intensity and antenatal depression are unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to test the mediating roles of upward social comparison on social interaction of WeChat and rumination in the association between social interaction of WeChat use intensity and antenatal depression. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in four hospitals with the self-reported measures of social interaction of WeChat use intensity, upward social comparison on social interaction of WeChat, rumination, antenatal depression, and control variables. The mediation analysis was performed through Model 6 from the PROCESS macro 4.0 in SPSS 26. RESULTS: Results from 2661 participants showed that antenatal depression was unrelated to social interaction of WeChat use intensity (P=.54), but was significantly positively related to the attitude toward social interaction of WeChat (P=.01). The direct effect of attitude toward social interaction of WeChat use on antenatal depression was not statistically significant (ß=-.03, P=.05). The results supported an indirect relationship between attitude toward social interaction of WeChat use and antenatal depression via (1) upward social comparison on social interaction of WeChat (indirect effect value=0.04, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.06); (2) rumination (indirect effect value=-0.02, 95% CI -0.04 to -0.01); and (3) upward social comparison on social interaction of WeChat and rumination in sequence (indirect effect value=0.07, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the necessity of focusing on attitudes toward SNS use, and the importance of upward social comparison and rumination in understanding the effect of SNS use on antenatal depression.

Status and influencing factors of nursing and midwifery professionals' core competence- a cross sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to understand the current situation and multiple factors affecting the core competence specializing in the maternal, neonatal and under-five nursing in China. BACKGROUND: Highly skilled nurses and midwives are essential worldwide for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, especially in low- and middle-income countries like China, due to the overwhelming COVID-19 crisis. METHOD: The 890 nurses and midwives from 12 hospitals were investigated in this cross-sectional study, with two questionnaires: the sociodemographic information and competency inventory for the registered nurses. RESULTS: The participants reported a mean total score of 193.78 (±42.19) out of 220 and lowest in critical thinking and research ability (3.01 ± 0.82). The professional title, level, marital status, relationship quality, highest qualification, experience in specialist nurse training, participation in scientific research projects and publishing papers were the influencing factors (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The respondents' core competence needs improvement, especially critical regarding thinking and research ability. In addition, marriage and good or excellent relationship quality are factors that can potentially improve competence. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Targeted interventions for higher core nursing competence need to be implemented, especially focusing on nurses' marital status and emotional support from partners.

Reconstructing seen image from brain activity by visually-guided cognitive representation and adversarial learning.

Reconstructing perceived stimulus (image) only from human brain activity measured with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a significant task in brain decoding. However, the inconsistent distribution and representation between fMRI signals and visual images cause great 'domain gap'. Moreover, the limited fMRI data instances generally suffer from the issues of low signal noise ratio (SNR), extremely high dimensionality, and limited spatial resolution. Existing methods are often affected by these issues so that a satisfactory reconstruction is still an open problem. In this paper, we show that it is possible to obtain a promising solution by learning visually-guided latent cognitive representations from the fMRI signals, and inversely decoding them to the image stimuli. The resulting framework is called Dual-Variational Autoencoder/ Generative Adversarial Network (D-Vae/Gan), which combines the advantages of adversarial representation learning with knowledge distillation. In addition, we introduce a novel three-stage learning strategy which enables the (cognitive) encoder to gradually distill useful knowledge from the paired (visual) encoder during the learning process. Extensive experimental results on both artificial and natural images have demonstrated that our method could achieve surprisingly good results and outperform the available alternatives.

Tensible and flexible high-sensitive spandex fiber strain sensor enhanced by carbon nanotubes/Ag nanoparticles.

Although the wearable strain sensors have received extensive research interest in recent years, it remains a huge challenge conforming the requirements in both of ultrahigh stretchability and high strain coefficient (gauge factor). Herein, a stretchable and flexible spandex fiber strain sensor coupled with carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) that assembled through an efficient and large-scale layer-by layer self-assembly is presented. To ensure CNTs and Ag NPs can attach well to the spandex fiber without falling off, achieving high sensitivity under large tensile, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, and polystyrene sulfonic acid are introduced to improve the adhesion via the molecular entanglement and other interactions between them. Consequently, the strain sensor exhibits remarkable performance, such as an ultrahigh gauge factor of 58.5 in the low-strain range from 0% to 20%, a wide strain range (0%-200%), a fast response time of 42 ms and good working stability (>5000 stretching-releasing cycles). Subsequently, detailed mechanism of the sensor and its use in full range of human motion monitoring are further studied. It is worth noting that with the distinctive mechanism and structure, the special spandex fiber sensor is able to monitor minimum strain as low as 0.053%, showing tremendous prospect for the field of smart fabrics and wearable health care devices.

Effect of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes following digestive carcinoma surgery: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The effect of sarcopenia on digestive carcinoma surgery outcomes is controversial. We aimed to assess the effect of sarcopenia defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) or the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) on outcomes following digestive carcinoma surgery. METHODS: Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, EMBASE and other databases from inception to April 2018. We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the risk ratios or mean differences of outcomes in the sarcopenia group versus the non-sarcopenia group. Stratified analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: We included 11 cohort studies, with a sarcopenia prevalence ranging from 11.6 to 33.0%. Sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of total complications (RR = 1.87, P < 0.00001), major complications (RR = 2.45, P = 0.002), re-admissions (RR = 2.53,P < 0.0001), infections (RR = 2.23, P = 0.09), severe infections (RR = 2.96, P = 0.04), 30-day mortality (RR = 3.36, P = 0.001), longer hospital stay (MD = 4.61, P = 0.001) and increased hospitalization expenditures (SMD = 0.25, P = 0.02). Sarcopenia differentially affected outcomes when stratified, and the results were stable. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia defined by the EWGSOP or AWGS Consensus was a high-risk factor for digestive carcinoma surgery outcomes. Different tumour site and muscle mass measurements are the sources of heterogeneity. More high-quality studies are needed.

Effects of Diabetes Mellitus and Admission Glucose in Patients Receiving Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT), according to diabetes mellitus and admission glucose level (AGL). METHODS: We systematically reviewed previous studies in PubMed that reported outcomes of MT in AIS patients and their relationships with diabetes mellitus or AGL. We used functional independence (modified Rankin score ≤ 2 at 3 months) as the primary end point. RESULTS: Data from 12,653 patients in 47 articles that evaluated the effect of diabetes mellitus or AGL on outcomes after MT were included. Compared with patients without a history of diabetes mellitus, patients with a diabetes mellitus history had significantly lower odds of functional independence in both the unadjusted meta-analysis (odds ratio [OR] 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.75) and the multivariable analysis (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.33-0.71). Similarly, higher AGL was associated with an unfavorable functional outcome in the unadjusted meta-analysis (pooled effect size - 0.38; 95% CI - 0.45 to - 0.31), and the adjusted OR (95% CI) per 1 mmol/L increase in AGL was 0.87 (0.83-0.92) for functional independence according to the combined multivariable results. Recanalization rate and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were neither related to AGL nor different in patients with or without diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms that a history of diabetes mellitus and high AGL are associated with unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months after MT in AIS patients. However, the causal relationship between hyperglycemia and poor prognosis remains undetermined, and further investigations are required to ascertain whether AIS patients receiving MT could benefit from intensive glucose control.

Profiling stress-triggered RNA condensation with photocatalytic proximity labeling.

Stress granules (SGs) are highly dynamic cytoplasmic membrane-less organelles that assemble when cells are challenged by stress. RNA molecules are sorted into SGs where they play important roles in maintaining the structural stability of SGs and regulating gene expression. Herein, we apply a proximity-dependent RNA labeling method, CAP-seq, to comprehensively investigate the content of SG-proximal transcriptome in live mammalian cells. CAP-seq captures 457 and 822 RNAs in arsenite- and sorbitol-induced SGs in HEK293T cells, respectively, revealing that SG enrichment is positively correlated with RNA length and AU content, but negatively correlated with translation efficiency. The high spatial specificity of CAP-seq dataset is validated by single-molecule FISH imaging. We further apply CAP-seq to map dynamic changes in SG-proximal transcriptome along the time course of granule assembly and disassembly processes. Our data portray a model of AU-rich and translationally repressed SG nanostructure that are memorized long after the removal of stress.

Evaluation of a new hyperbaric oxygen ventilator during volume-controlled ventilation.

INTRODUCTION: The performance of the Shangrila590 hyperbaric ventilator (Beijing Aeonmed Company, Beijing, China) was evaluated during volume-controlled ventilation. METHODS: Experiments were conducted in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber at 101, 152, 203, and 284 kPa (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.8 atmospheres absolute [atm abs]). With the ventilator in volume control ventilation (VCV) mode and connected to a test lung, comparison was made of the set tidal volume (VTset) versus delivered tidal volume (VT) and minute volume (MV) at VTset between 400 and 1,000 mL. Peak inspiratory pressure was also recorded. All measurements were made across 20 respiratory cycles. RESULTS: Across all ambient pressures and ventilator settings the difference between VTset and actual VT and between predicted MV and actual MV were small and clinicially insignificant despite reaching statistical significance. Predictably, Ppeak increased at higher ambient pressures. With VTset 1,000 mL at 2.8 atm abs the ventilator produced significantly greater VT, MV and Ppeak. CONCLUSIONS: This new ventilator designed for use in hyperbaric environments performs well. It provides relatively stable VT and MV during VCV with VTset from 400 mL to 800 mL at ambient pressures from 1.0 to 2.8 atm abs, as well as VTset 1,000 mL at ambient pressures from 1.0 to 2.0 atm abs.

Reconstructing controllable faces from brain activity with hierarchical multiview representations.

Reconstructing visual experience from brain responses measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a challenging yet important research topic in brain decoding, especially it has proved more difficult to decode visually similar stimuli, such as faces. Although face attributes are known as the key to face recognition, most existing methods generally ignore how to decode facial attributes more precisely in perceived face reconstruction, which often leads to indistinguishable reconstructed faces. To solve this problem, we propose a novel neural decoding framework called VSPnet (voxel2style2pixel) by establishing hierarchical encoding and decoding networks with disentangled latent representations as media, so that to recover visual stimuli more elaborately. And we design a hierarchical visual encoder (named HVE) to pre-extract features containing both high-level semantic knowledge and low-level visual details from stimuli. The proposed VSPnet consists of two networks: Multi-branch cognitive encoder and style-based image generator. The encoder network is constructed by multiple linear regression branches to map brain signals to the latent space provided by the pre-extracted visual features and obtain representations containing hierarchical information consistent to the corresponding stimuli. We make the generator network inspired by StyleGAN to untangle the complexity of fMRI representations and generate images. And the HVE network is composed of a standard feature pyramid over a ResNet backbone. Extensive experimental results on the latest public datasets have demonstrated the reconstruction accuracy of our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches and the identifiability of different reconstructed faces has been greatly improved. In particular, we achieve feature editing for several facial attributes in fMRI domain based on the multiview (i.e., visual stimuli and evoked fMRI) latent representations.

Pressure-Regulated Nanoconfined Channels for Highly Effective Mechanical-Electrical Conversion in Proton Battery-Type Self-Powered Pressure Sensor.

Battery-sensing-based all-in-one pressure sensors are generally successfully constructed by mimicking the information transfer of living organisms and the sensing behavior of human skin, possessing features such as low energy consumption and detection of low/high-frequency mechanical signals. To design high-performance all-in-one pressure sensors, a deeper understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms of such sensors is required. Here, a mechanical-electrical conversion mechanism based on pressure-modulated nanoconfined channels is proposed. Then, the mechanism of ion accelerated transport in graphene oxide (GO) nanoconfined channels under pressure is revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Based on this mechanism, a proton battery-type self-powered pressure sensor MoO3 /GO[CNF/Ca] /activated carbon (AC) is designed with an open-circuit voltage stabilization of 0.648 V, an ultrafast response/recovery time of 86.0 ms/93.0 ms, pressure detection ranges of up to 60.0 kPa, and excellent static/dynamic pressure response. In addition, the one-piece device design enables self-supply, miniaturization, and charge/discharge reuse, showing application potential in wearable electronics, health monitoring, and other fields.

Role of Perinatal Biological Factors in Delayed Lactogenesis II Among Women With Pre-pregnancy Overweight and Obesity.

BACKGROUND: Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity are negatively associated with delayed onset of lactogenesis II (OL), but the mechanisms by which these conditions affect OL are still unclear. OBJECTIVES: To identify biological factors related to pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and determine whether these biological factors were associated with delayed OL in this population. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, we assigned 72 primipara to a pre-pregnancy overweight/obese group (n = 36) and a normal-weight group (n = 36). Blood samples were collected at 37 w of gestation and 48 h postpartum and assayed for levels of the following hormones: leptin, insulin, estradiol, prolactin (PRL), progesterone, and oxytocin. The primary outcome was timing of OL, estimated by maternal perception of breast fullness. We used linear-regression analysis to determine associations between hormones and delayed OL. RESULTS: Sixty-three participants (87.5%) had complete data. OL occurred later in overweight/obese than in normal-weight women (p < .001). Compared with the normal-weight group, the overweight/obese group showed higher leptin levels at both times of observation and exhibited a slower drop in estrogen concentrations from 37 w of gestation to 48 h postpartum (all p < .05). After adjusting for confounding factors, leptin concentrations in late pregnancy and the magnitudes of decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum were correlated with OL. CONCLUSION: Women who were overweight/obese before pregnancy had elevated leptin levels in late pregnancy and a delayed decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum. Both of these phenomena were related to delayed OL in this population.

Roles of MXene in Pressure Sensing: Preparation, Composite Structure Design, and Mechanism.

Flexible pressure sensors are one of the most important components in the fields of electronic skin (e-skin), robotics, and health monitoring. However, the application of pressure sensors in practice is still difficult and expensive due to the limited sensing properties and complex manufacturing process. The emergence of MXene, a red-hot member of the 2D nanomaterials, has brought a brand-new breakthrough for pressure sensing. Ti3 C2 Tx is the most popular studied MXene in the field of pressure sensing and shows good mechanical, electrical properties, excellent hydrophilicity, and extensive modifiability. It will ameliorate the properties of the sensitive layer and electrode layer of the pressure sensor, and further apply pressure sensing to many fields, such as e-skin flexibility. Herein, the preparation technologies, antioxidant methods, and properties of MXene are summarized. The design of MXene-based microstructures is introduced, including hydrogels, aerogels, foam, fabrics, and composite nanofibers. The mechanisms of MXene pressure sensors are further broached, including piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and potentiometric transduction mechanism. Moreover, the integration of multiple devices is reviewed. Finally, the chance and challenge of pressure sensors improved by MXene smart materials in future e-skin and the Internet of Things are prospected.

Flexible MXene/Bacterial Cellulose Film Sound Detector Based on Piezoresistive Sensing Mechanism.

Flexible pressure sensors have aroused extensive attention in health monitoring, human-computer interaction, soft robotics, and more, as a staple member of wearable electronics. However, a majority of traditional research focuses solely on foundational mechanical sensing tests and ordinary human-motion monitoring, ignoring its other applications in daily life. In this work, a paper-based pressure sensor is prepared by using MXene/bacterial cellulose film with three-dimensional isolation layer structure, and its sensing capability as a wearable sound detector has also been studied. The as-prepared device exhibits great comprehensive mechanical sensing performance as well as accurate detection of human physiological signals. As a sound detector, not only can it recognize different voice signals and sound attributes by monitoring movement of throat muscles, but also it will distinguish a variety of natural sounds through air pressure waves caused by sound transmission (also called sound waves), like the eardrum. Besides, it plays an important role in sound visualization technology because of the ability for capturing and presenting music signals. Moreover, millimeter-scale thickness, lightweight, and degradable raw materials make the sensor convenient and easy to carry, meeting requirements of environmental protection as well.

A Zinc-Ion Battery-Type Self-Powered Pressure Sensor with Long Service Life.

Accurate and continuous pressure signal detection without external power supply is a key technology to realize the miniaturization of wearable electronic equipment, the internet of things, and artificial intelligence. However, it is difficult to be achieved by using current sensor technologies. Here, a new one-body strategy, i.e., zinc-ion battery pressure (ZIB-P) sensor technology, which designs the rechargeable solid-state ZIB itself as a flexible pressure sensor is reported. In the device, an isolation layer is introduced into the sandwich configuration solid-state battery to realize the change of device internal resistance by pressure during the transformation of the mechanical signal to the electrical signal. This battery pressure sensor possesses good flexibility, fast response/recovery time (76.0/88.0 ms), stable long-term response, excellent cycle stability (100 000 times), and wide pressure detection range (2.0 to 3.68 × 105  Pa). Especially, the excellent charge-discharge performance in the ZIB-P sensor endows it with the real-time detection ability of human vital signs (pulse, limb movement, etc.) and ultrahigh stability without degradation even under 100 000 times pressure stimulation. The ZIB-P sensor strategy provides a new solution for the future development of miniaturized wearable electronic devices.

Determinants of Dietary Adherence Among Chinese Patients After Bariatric Surgery Based on the Attitude-Social Influence-Efficacy Model.

PURPOSE: To explore main determinants of dietary adherence among Chinese patients after bariatric surgery based on the Attitude-Social influence-Efficacy (ASE) model. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using convenience sampling method to select 288 participants in a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu, China. General information and disease-related information were collected as well as applying the Dietary Adherence Scale after Bariatric Surgery (DASBS) and Attitude-Social influence-Efficacy Questionnaire after Bariatric Surgery (ASEQBS). Univariate analysis, correlation analysis, and multivariate analysis were used to identify determinants of dietary adherence among patients after bariatric surgery. RESULTS: A total of 288 questionnaires were effectively collected. The mean DASBS score was 54.90 ± 10.08 among post-bariatric patients. Univariate analysis results showed that education level, time since surgery, smoking, exercise, participation in peer support groups, and participation in nutrition counseling had significant effects on postoperative diet adherence level of patients (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that the total score of dietary adherence was positively correlated with the total score of intention, attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy, and the correlation coefficients were 0.511, 0.550, 0.460, and 0.484, respectively (P < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that time since surgery, attitude, intention, social influence, exercise, and self-efficacy entered the regression equation (P < 0.05). The standardized regression coefficients of attitude and intention are 0.237 and 0.196, respectively. The regression model could explain 44.0% of the total variation. CONCLUSION: The dietary adherence of Chinese post-bariatric patients is at an upper-middle level, which needs to be further improved. Time since surgery, exercise, intention, attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy had significant effects on patients' dietary adherence. Attitude had the greatest effect on dietary adherence, followed by intention. The results shed light on that these factors should be emphasized to take personalized intervention strategy in designing dietary intervention program, in order to improve the patient's dietary adherence and surgical outcomes.