RESUMEN
Teachers' audible teaching language is essential for organizing classroom instruction. This study used a questionnaire to compare expert, skilled, and novice high school mathematics teachers' audible teaching language from the perspective of student satisfaction. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, and the participants were students from a key high school in Changsha, China. A research framework and research instrument with good reliability and validity were constructed for this study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. The results showed 263 valid questionnaires, good measurement model fit, and high reliability and validity of the questionnaire. It was found that: (1) students were highly satisfied with the audible teaching language of high school mathematics teachers; (2) student satisfaction with the audible teaching language of skilled, expert, and novice mathematics teachers declined in order, but there was no significant difference overall; (3) students were more satisfied with expert mathematics teachers than with novice teachers in terms of the tone and adaptability of the audible teaching language. The researchers discussed the study's results, suggested how pre-service and post-service mathematics teachers can improve the quality of their audible teaching language, and pointed out the value and limitations of the study.
RESUMEN
Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) can directly extract the target analytes and simultaneously determine many similar substances from complicated sample matrices. Also, it has very high chemical stability. Therefore, we used fabric phase sorptive extraction to analyze three amphetamine drugs (amphetamine (AM), methamphetamine (MAM), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)) in water. This was coupled with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The effects of different sorbent chemistries such as sorption time, ratios of back-extraction solvents, back-extraction time, and the salt effect on the extraction efficiency were studied; the optimum operation conditions were determined. Medium polarity polar polymer-coated FPSE media were created using short-chain poly (tetrahydrofuran) (PTHF). This is the most efficient extraction media for the analytes of interest. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of the three amphetamine drugs were 0.1-150.0 (AM, MAM) and 0.5-200 ng mL-1 (MDMA). The correlation coefficients (γ) were 0.9947 (AM), 0.9925 (MAM), and 0.9918 (MDMA). The detection limits (LOD) were 0.025 ng mL-1 for AM, 0.029 ng mL-1 for MAM, and 0.01 ng mL-1 for MDMA. The corresponding limit of quantification values (LOQ) were 0.083 ng mL-1, 0.097 ng mL-1, and 0.031 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries were 73.4-91.6%, 82.6-95.4%, and 92.7-95.3%, respectively, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 1.65-6.88%, 1.38-6.11%, and 1.58-7.34%, respectively. Moreover, our method can be successfully applied for the analysis of amphetamines in wastewater samples, and at the same time, lays the foundation for the future detection of such substances.