Clinical presentations and surgical outcomes of intraocular foreign body presenting to an ocular trauma unit.

OBJECTIVES: To describe, evaluate, and identify the characteristics, prognostic factors, and visual outcomes in patients with intraocular foreign body (IOFB) in a Latin American population. METHODS: A retrospective, observational case-series of patients with a diagnosis of IOFB. Variables analyzed included age, gender, initial and final best correct visual acuity (BCVA), ocular trauma score, intraocular pressure, mechanism of injury, material and number of IOFB, zone of injury, timing of primary repair and IOFB removal, complications, and follow up. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients with IOFB were identified of which 97% were male with a mean age of 37.9 years (SD 2.16). The most common IOFB location was intravitreal (43%). IOFBs were metallic in 78%, vegetal in 3%, and other materials in 11%. Primary repair and secondary IOFB removal were performed at a mean timepoint of 3 days and 5 days, respectively. Systemic and topical antibiotics were administered to all patients. The initial BCVA was 1.62 logMAR and the final was 0.6 logMAR, which was statistically significant (Pearson's chi-squared test, p value 0.01). No cases of endophthalmitis were seen. CONCLUSION: IOFB removal can be delayed when there are no signs of infection or evidence of retinal detachment, without an increased risk of endophthalmitis and a negative impact on visual outcomes. Use of topical and systemic antibiotics appear sufficient to prevent endophthalmitis in these cases.

[History and functions of Chilean ophthalmologic primary care units]. / Unidades de atención primaria en oftalmología en Chile: historia y funciones.

The access to ophthalmological care in Chile has been historically a problem. Only at the end of the twentieth century concrete solutions were promoted. In 1960, Primary Care Ophthalmologic Units were created to ease the access to ophthalmology, due to the efforts of Professor Juan Arentsen. Their functioning was organized and standardized subsequently using a model proposed by the Chilean Ophthalmologic Society, leading to a better patient flow and reducing waiting lists. These units became an innovative initiative to reduce the gaps in Chilean public health, optimizing the professional and infrastructural assets of the public health care system and achieving a new organization for the ophthalmological health care net.

Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Uveitis: Clinical Features in a Chilean Series.

PURPOSE: To describe clinical features of patients with diabetes mellitus-associated uveitis (DMAU). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients with uveitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) presented in an uveitis referral centre in Chile. Demographic data, comorbidities, complete ophthalmic examination, and treatments were analyzed. RESULTS: We found 72 patients with uveitis and DM: 16 with DMAU and poorly regulated DM (22%), 15 with DMAU and well-controlled DM (21%), and 41 with uveitis due to established other causes than DM (57%). Patients with DMAU in poorly regulated diabetes, presented inflammation of 3-4+ cells in 33%, a fibrinous reaction in 28%, hypopyon in 17% and posterior synechiae in 83%, compared with 5%, 0%, 0%, and 50% in the group with well-controlled DM, respectively (p < 0.05). Most DMAU patients responded well to topical or periocular steroids. CONCLUSION: Patients with DMAU with poorly regulated DM present a more severe inflammation compared with patients with DMAU with well-controlled DM.

Los seniors en la publicidad española: tensiones entre la investigación, planificación y la representación de los mayores en los anuncios / Senior citizens in Spanish advertising: tensions between research, planning and representation of the elderly in advertisements / Idosos na publicidade espanhola: tensões entre pesquisa, planejamento e representação dos mais velhos nos anúncios

El presente artículo analiza las continuidades y discontinuidades que se producen entre la investigación, la planificación de medios y la construcción de las representaciones sobre los mayores en la publicidad española. El estudio, centrado en los anuncios sobre envejecimiento, mayores y salud, se ha implementado desde una triangulación metodológica que incluye técnicas como el análisis del discurso, la encuesta y la revisión de literatura sobre segmentación publicitaria. Las conclusiones apuntan a una restricción de las representaciones puestas en juego en los anuncios respecto a la diversidad planteada por los profesionales y en la literatura científica. Se plantea el reto de superar las visiones excesivamente individualistas del mayor y de la gestión de su salud, al tiempo que emerge como alternativa la concepción de la salud como un espacio simbólico de conflicto y negociación.(AU)

The article analyzes the continuities and descontinuities that occur between research, media planning and the construction of representations of senior citizens in Spanish advertising. The study, centered on advertisements about aging, senior citizens and health, employed a methodological triangulation that included techniques like discourse analysis, research, and a literature review on segmentation in advertising. The conclusions point to a limitation of the representations called into play in advertisements regarding the diversity established by professionals and in the scientific literature. It is necessary to face the challenge of overcoming the excessively individualistic views of the elderly and of the management of their health. At the same time, the conception of health as a symbolic space of conflict and negotiation emerges as an alternative..(AU)

O presente artigo analisa as continuidades e descontinuidades que ocorrem entre a pesquisa, o planejamento de mídia e a construção das representações dos idosos na publicidade espanhola. O estudo, centrado nos anúncios sobre envelhecimento, idosos e saúde, foi implementado a partir de uma triangulação metodológica que incluiu técnicas como a análise do discurso, a pesquisa e a revisão de literatura sobre segmentação publicitária. As conclusões apontam para uma limitação das representações postas em jogo nos anúncios a respeito da diversidade estabelecida pelos profissionais e na literatura científica. Constitui-se o desafio de superar as visões excessivamente individualistas sobre o idoso e da gestão de sua saúde, ao tempo que emerge como alternativa a concepção da saúde como um espaço simbólico de conflito e negociação..(AU)

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report of Five Patients in the Same Family Group / Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: Un Reporte de Caso de Cinco Pacientes en el Mismo Grupo Familiar

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a type of dentin dysplasia that affects the dentin structure of one or both dentitions, which may be classified in three types. The aim of this report was to show the clinical and radiographic features of the four cases of DI in the same family group. Five brothers were checked clinically and radiographically. Two individuals were diagnosed, by their phenotypic features and medical history, with DI type I; two of them with DI type II and one case without signs of DI. It is important to know the features of dentinogenesis imperfecta to perform a comprehensive dental care, including the right diagnosis and an effective treatment plan.

La dentinogénesis imperfecta (DI) es un tipo de displasia de la dentina que afecta su estructura en una o ambas denticiones. La DI puede clasificarse en tres tipos. El objetivo de este informe fue demostrar las características clínicas y radiológicas de los cuatro casos de DI en un mismo grupo familiar. Cinco hermanos fueron controlados clínica y radiográficamente. Dos individuos fueron diagnosticados, por sus características fenotípicas y antecedentes clínicos, con el tipo de DI I; dos de ellos con DI de tipo II y un caso sin signos de DI. Es importante conocer las características de la dentinogénesis imperfecta para poder realizar una atención odontológica integral, lo que permitirá desarrollar un diagnóstico correcto y un plan de tratamiento efectivo.

Unidades de atención primaria en oftalmología en Chile: historia y funciones / History and functions of Chilean ophthalmologic primary care units

The access to ophthalmological care in Chile has been historically a problem. Only at the end of the twentieth century concrete solutions were promoted. In 1960, Primary Care Ophthalmologic Units were created to ease the access to ophthalmology, due to the efforts of Professor Juan Arentsen. Their functioning was organized and standardized subsequently using a model proposed by the Chilean Ophthalmologic Society, leading to a better patient flow and reducing waiting lists. These units became an innovative initiative to reduce the gaps in Chilean public health, optimizing the professional and infrastructural assets of the public health care system and achieving a new organization for the ophthalmological health care net.