[Sensitivity of Candida spp. to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B and imidazoles. Antifongiogram of 120 strains isolated at the Vaudois University Hospital Center during the autumn-winter seasons of 1978 and 1980]. / Sensibilité de Candida spp à la 5-fluorocytosine, à l'amphotéricine B et aux imidazoles. Antifongigramme de 120 souches isolées au Centre Hospitalier Univesitaire vaudois (CHUV) pendant la période automne-hiver 1979-1980.

120 strains of Candida spp were tested against the antifungal agents 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericine B and the imidazoles econazole, miconazole and clotrimazole. The proportion of resistance varied with the species and substances: Candida albicans (100 strains): 4% resistance against 5-fluorocytosine, 1% against amphotericine B, no resistance to imidazoles; Candida tropicalis and C. pseudotropicalis (15 strains): 26.7% resistance to 5-fluorocytosine, 7.1% against amphotericine B, no resistance to imidazoles; Candida krusei (5 strains): no resistance to the antifungal agents. The correlation between the diameter measurements carried out at 2 dose levels of 5-fluorocytosine (1 and 100 micrograms) and of econazole (20 and 30 micrograms) was studied statistically and the validity of the experimental data established.

Thiamphenicol in the treatment of extragenital gonorrhea.

One hundred ninety-two cases of gonorrhea, of which 23 were extragenital only or both genital and extragenital, were treated with a single oral dose of thiamphenicol (2.5 g in patients weighing less than or equal to 80 kg; 3 g in patients weighing greater than 80 kg). Of the 178 patients whose follow-up was possible, 176 patients (98.9%), including all 23 with extragenital infection (seven pharyngeal and 16 anorectal), recovered completely. The efficacy of the regimen compared favorably with that of other regimens currently used for the treatment of gonorrhea.

[Urinary concentration and antibacterial effect of short and long acting tetracycyline]. / Concentration urinaire et effet antibactérien de tétracyclines à courte et longue durée d'action

Forty-one hospitalized patients, of whom the majority had asymptomatic bacteriuria, were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups. They were given either tetracycline HCl 1 g, or tetracycline HCl + terpenes 100 mg, or minocycline 200 mg, or cotrimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole 1.6 g + trimethoprim 320 mg), daily for one week. A large number of bacteria were resistant to tetracyclines. The urine was sterilized in 14 out of 24 patients receiving tetracyclines and in all of the 17 patients receiving cotrimoxazole. The mean urinary concentration of tetracycline was 20 times higher than that of minocycline. The 24-h urinary excretion of tetracyclines was slightly higher in patients receiving the combination of terpenes and tetracycline, but these differences in urinary excretion did not appear to have any influence on the antibacterial effect of tetracyclines.

[Pharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea. Incidence in Lausanne in 1981]. / Gonococcie pharyngée et anorectale. Expérience lausannoise in 1981.

After a brief review of the literature on pharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea, the authors report the incidence of this disease among 498 patients consulting for known or suspected venereal disease from January 1 to December 31 1981. 192 cases of gonorrhoea, of which 23 had extragenital localization, were treated with thiamphenicol (Urfamycine) in a single dose (2.5 g orally or 3 g in patients weighing over 80 kg). Of the 178 patients for whom follow-up was possible, recovery was obtained in 176 (98.9%). All the 23 patients with extragenital infection (7 with pharyngeal gonorrhoea and 16 with anorectal gonorrhoea) recovered completely. The efficacy of this treatment is discussed and compared with that of other antibiotics currently used in gonorrhea.

[Clinical and microbiological aspects of peritonitis in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]. / Aspects cliniques et microbiologiques de la péritonite chez les patients traités en dialyse péritonéale continue ambulatoire.

Over a 3-year period 22 episodes of peritonitis were observed among 20 patients treated for end-stage renal failure by CAPD. This represents an overall incidence of 1 episode every 9.5 patient-months (1/14.2 months in 1981, 1/11.3 months in 1982). Eight patients out of 20 never developed peritonitis, and 6 had one episode only. Cocci + were the most frequent culture finding. Two episodes of mycotic peritonitis and 1 sterile peritonitis were observed. Antibiotic treatment was generally successful within 24 h. The incidence of peritonitis was higher among diabetic (1/7 months) than among non-diabetic patients (1/12.6 months). Patient selection, the bag connection technique and the experience accumulated by the dialysis team appear to be the principal factors in lowering the incidence of this complication.