Tularemia in Pregnant Woman, Serbia, 2018.

Tularemia was diagnosed for a 33-year-old pregnant woman in Serbia after a swollen neck lymph node was detected at gestation week 18. Gentamicin was administered parenterally (120 mg/d for 7 d); the pregnancy continued with no complications and a healthy newborn was delivered. Treatment of tularemia optimizes maternal and infant outcomes.

Prostate Cancer Probability Prediction By Machine Learning Technique.

The main goal of the study was to explore possibility of prostate cancer prediction by machine learning techniques. In order to improve the survival probability of the prostate cancer patients it is essential to make suitable prediction models of the prostate cancer. If one make relevant prediction of the prostate cancer it is easy to create suitable treatment based on the prediction results. Machine learning techniques are the most common techniques for the creation of the predictive models. Therefore in this study several machine techniques were applied and compared. The obtained results were analyzed and discussed. It was concluded that the machine learning techniques could be used for the relevant prediction of prostate cancer.

Age-related structural changes in the myenteric nervous plexus ganglion along the anterior wall of the proximal human duodenum--a morphometric analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Aging is one of the most complex biological processes which probably affect structure and function of the enteric nerve system. However, there is not much available information on this topic, particularly in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of aging on the structure of the myenteric ganglia in the anterior wall of the human proximal duodenum. METHODS: We examined the myenteric ganglia in the proximal duodenal anterior wall specimens obtained from 30 cadaver persons aged from 20 to 84 years. Tissue samples were classified into three age groups: 20-44, 45-64 and 65-84 years. After standard histological preparation, specimens were stained with HE, Cresyl Violet and AgNO3. Morphometric analysis of all the specimens, using a multipurpose test system M42, was performed. The data were subjected to the t-test. RESULTS: The myenteric ganglia of very old humans contains an empty space, i.e. the respective parts of ganglia show a decreased number of neuron as compared to younger population. The average number of neuron per cm2 of the duodenum in the youngest people (20-44 years) was 69,370 +/- 1,750.00, in the people aged 45-64 years 69,211 +/- 1,573.33, and in the oldest persons (65-84 years) 57,951 +/- 1,291.52. The loss of neurons in the oldest persons was 16.46%. The applied statistic test demonstrated a significant difference between the observed groups (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Aging does not induce changes in size and surface of neurons in the ganglia, but it decreases the number of neurons. The nerve structures in the elderly are partly emptied of bodies of nerve cells ("empty ganglions"), which indicates the existence of changed myenteric ganglia in the duodenum. These changes could be related to the duodenum motility disorder associated with aging.

Asymmetries in numerical density of pyramidal neurons in the fifth layer of the human posterior parietal cortex.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Both superior parietal lobule (SPL) of dorsolateral hemispheric surface and precuneus (PEC) of medial surface are the parts of posterior parietal cortex. The aim of this study was to determine the numerical density (Nv) of pyramidal neurons in the layer V of SPL and PEC and their potential differences. METHODS: From 20 (40 hemispheres) formaline fixed human brains (both sexes; 27- 65 years) tissue blocks from SPL and PEC from the left and right hemisphere were used. According to their size the brains were divided into two groups, the group I with the larger left (15 brains) and the group II with the larger right hemisphere (5 brains). Serial Nissl sections (5 microm) of the left and right SPL and PEC were used for stereological estimation of Nv of the layer V pyramidal neurons. RESULTS: Nv of pyramidal neurons in the layer V in the left SPL of brains with larger left hemispheres was significantly higher than in the left SPL of brains with larger right hemisphere. Comparing sides in brains with larger left hemisphere, the left SPL had higher Nv than the right one, and then the left PEC, and the right SPL had significantly higher Nv than the right PEC. Comparing sides in brains with the larger right hemisphere, the left SPL had significantly higher Nv than left PEC, but the right SPL had significantly higher Nv than left SPL and the right PEC. CONCLUSION: Generally, there is an inverse relationship of Nv between the medial and lateral areas of the human posterior parietal cortex. The obtained values were different between the brains with larger left and right hemispheres, as well as between the SPL and PEC. In all the comparisons the left SPL had the highest values of Nv of pyramidal neurons in the layer V (4771.80 mm(-3)), except in brains with the larger right hemisphere.

Group A streptococcal cellulitis in the early puerperium.

INTRODUCTION: Infectious diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a member of the group A Streptococci (GAS) are among the most common life threatening ones. Patients with GAS infections have a poor survival rate. Cellulitis is a severe invasive GAS infection and the most common clinical presentation of the disease associated with more deaths than it can be seen in other GAS infections. According to the literature data, most cases of GAS toxic shock syndrome are developed in the puerperium. However, there are two main problems with GAS infection in early puerperium and this case report is aimed at reminding on them. The first problem is an absence of awareness that it can be postpartal invasive GAS infection before the microbiology laboratory confirms it, and the second one is that we have little knowledge about GAS infection, in general. CASE REPORT: A 32-year-old healthy woman, gravida 1, para 1, was hospitalized three days after vaginal delivery with a 38-hour history of fever, pain in the left leg (under the knee), and head injury after short period of conscious lost. Clinical picture of GAS infection was cellulites. Group A Streptoccocus pyogenes was isolated in vaginal culture. Rapid antibiotic and supportive treatment stopped development of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) and potential multiorganic failure. Signs and symptoms of the infection lasted 25 days, and complete recovery of the patient almost 50 days. CONCLUSION: In all women in childbed with a history of fever early after delivery, vaginal and cervical culture specimens should be taken as soon as possible. Early recognition of GAS infection in early puerperium and prompt initiation of antimicrobial drug and supportive therapy can prevent development of STSS and lethal outcome.