[Vascular mechanisms in Meniere's disease]. / Sosudistye mekhanizmy v razvitii bolezni Men'era.

Meniere's disease (MD) is chronic multifactorial medical condition caused by endolymphatic hydrops, which etiology is unclear. This review highlights possible vascular mechanisms of MD. Impairment of vascular regulation, further ischemic damage of labyrinth and venous drainage pathology could lead to endolymphatic hydrops. Epidemiologic studies reveal high comorbidity of MD and migraine. Both diseases could be the result of trigeminovascular dysfunction. Betahistine, the medication with vascular effect, is widely used in treatment of MD, the effectiveness of calcium channel blockers is evaluated. Keywords: vertigo, Meniere's disease, endolymphatichydrops, migraine, vascular mechanisms, betahistine.

[Clinical peculiarities of diagnostics of sensorineural loss of hearing and deafness in children].

The clinical features of various subjective and objective methods for the study of the hearing function were evaluated based on the results of examination of 46 children presenting with sensorineural hearing loss and deafness. The factors that influence the effectiveness and quality of diagnostics of sensorineural loss of hearing in the children were elucidated.

[The hearing function in the patients presenting with the intralabyrinthine distribution of giant cholesteatoma].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the state of the hearing function in the patients presenting with the intralabyrinthine distribution of giant cholesteatoma before and after the surgical treatment based on the results of examination by the subjective and objective methods. The possibility of preservation of the hearing function after the surgical intervention has been demonstrated.

[Resonant characteristics of the external acoustic meatus in the children undergoing electroacoustical correction of hearing].

The objective of this study was to estimate the factors influencing the efficacy and quality of electroacoustical correction of hearing in the children and elucidate specific resonant characteristics of the external acoustic meatus in the patients at the age varying from 6 months to 5 years. The hearing acuity was estimated in 87 children aged from 5 months to 5 years presenting with censorineural impairment of hearing or deafness with the use of psychoacoustic and electrophysiological techniques. Special attention was given to the assessment of resonant characteristics of the external acoustic canal. The resonant characteristics of the external acoustic canal in the children differ from those in adult subjects. This fact should be taken into consideration in planning the electroacoustical correction of hearing in the children.

[Currently possibilities for diagnostics and electroacoustical correction of hearing in the children].

This study was designed to compare different objective methods applied to study the hearing function in 132 children presenting with sensorineural impairment of hearing and deafness. It was focused on the assessment of risk factors of congenital and acquired loss of hearing and deafness. In addition, the factors influencing the efficacy and quality of electroacoustical correction of hearing in the children were considered including those of importance after cochlear implantation.

[Improvement of efficacy of electroacoustic hearing correction in patients after radical surgery on the middle ear].

Sound pressure was measured in the ears of 95 patients who had a cavity after radical operation of the middle ear. Changes of normal architectonics of the middle ear entail changes in resonance characteristics of the ear which must be considered in electroacoustic hearing correction. Effects of various modifications of ear insert on frequency characteristics were estimated.