[Study on difference of chemical compositions of Guilingji before and after alchemy based on mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis].

UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS and ICP-MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was employed to explore the differences in chemical compositions of Guilingji(GLJ) before and after alchemy.The changes in organic chemical compositions and inorganic elements were observed and 39 differential organic compositions were found in GLJ after alchemy, 24 compounds of which were identified. The differential compositions of GLJ included violet ketones, chalcones, amides, and fatty acids whose contents were increased after alchemy, as well as flavones, isoflavones, dihydroflavones, flavonoid glycosides, and coumarins whose content were decreased after alchemy. This study showed 6 inorganic elements filtered out as markers for distinguishing GLJ before and after alchemy, including B, Si, Mg, K, Cr, and Ni.The contents of Mg, K, Cr and Ni were increased while the contents of B and Si were decreased after alchemy.The difference of the contents after alchemy changed the cold and hot properties of the compound, showing the decrease of dryness, and the hot property was changed to warm and neutral properties; in addition, the membrane permeability and absorption of the compound compositions were improved. In this study, we preliminarily investigated the changes of chemical compositions in GLJ before and after alchemy as well as the effects of alchemy on physical and chemical properties and cold-heat nature of GLJ, laying a foundation for further clarifying the scientific connotation of alchemy process.

[The combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction for the treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction for the treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients METHODS: From January 2009 to January 2011, 122 patients with distal fractures of radius were treated by the united fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction. There were 43 males and 79 females, ranging in age from 60 to 86 years with an average of 74 years. Among the patients, traffic accident injury was in 12 cases and fall injury was in 109 cases; all fractures were closed, the time form injury to visit was for 30 min to 7 days. The X-rays, wrist pain, functional status, range of motion and grasp force of patients were observed at follow-up. Cooney modified Green-O'Brien standard was used to evaluate the clinical effects. RESULTS: All the patients were followed up from 3 months to 2 years with an average of 15.4 months. Re-displacement occurred in 8 cases (including 4 cases radial displacement, 3 cases dorsal displacement, 1 case palmaris displacement) and re-reduction occurred in 4 cases, surgical treatment was in 2 cases, refused to reset or surgical treatment in 2 cases. Radial shorten in 13 cases middle-later period. All fractures obtained healed. According to the Green-O'Brien standard, 46 cases got excellent results, 65 good, 6 fair, and 5 poor. CONCLUSION: The combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction is a effective method in treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients, which can more overcome redisplacement of distal fractures of radius, recover function of wrist joint.