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1.
Dev Med Child Neurol ; 60(3): 283-289, 2018 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29168169

RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of clobazam treatment in reducing epileptiform discharges and modifying neuropsychological function in continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep. METHOD: We performed a prospective clinical trial in patients with continuous spike-wave during sleep aged 4 to 10 years. Patients underwent neuropsychological assessment and overnight electroencephalographic monitoring before treatment, and subsequent repeat assessment and overnight electroencephalographic monitoring 3 months after treatment. Treatment consisted of 1mg/kg clobazam up to a maximum dose of 30mg during the first night, followed by 0.5mg/kg nightly for 3 months. RESULTS: Nine patients completed the study and had pre- and post-neuropsychological evaluation. There was a qualitative reduction in median (p25 -p75 ) spike percentage after 3 months (72.2 [68.0-75.8] vs 32.7 [4.7-81.7]). There were no marked changes in median (p25 -p75 ) IQ comparing pre- and post-clobazam treatment (80.0 [74.0-88.0] vs 80.0 [67.0-89.0]). There was a qualitative increase in Verbal IQ (83.0 [69.0-92.0] vs 95.0 [83.0-99.0]) and a qualitative decrease in Non-verbal IQ (84.0 [74.0-87.0] vs 71.0 [60.0-84.0]). INTERPRETATION: Qualitative improvements in epileptiform activity and cognition occurred in patients treated with clobazam for 3 months and the relationship between epileptiform activity and cognitive outcome should be studied in larger studies. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Verbal IQ in patients with continuous spike-wave during sleep improved following short-term treatment with clobazam. Other neuropsychological improvements were observed, but varied by patient. Cognitive improvement was observed despite some worsening of epileptiform discharges.


Asunto(s)
Benzodiazepinas/farmacología , Benzodiazepinas/uso terapéutico , Ondas Encefálicas/efectos de los fármacos , Cognición/efectos de los fármacos , Epilepsia/tratamiento farmacológico , Sueño/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Clobazam , Electroencefalografía , Epilepsia/fisiopatología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto Joven
2.
Molecules ; 23(11)2018 Oct 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30373225

RESUMEN

Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae), commonly known in Brazil as 'pitó', is traditionally used by indigenous peoples as insecticides and repellents. The present work reports on the the phytoconstituents from aerial parts of H. velutina and evaluation of the larvicidal potential of its extract. The compounds were isolated using chromatographic techniques and identified by NMR, IR and LC-HRMS. This study led to the isolation of a fatty acid, one aliphatic alcohol, four chlorophyll derivatives, one steroid, triterpenes, a lignan, and flavonoids, highlighting the new compounds in the literature, 5,4'-di-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-O-sulphate flavone (mariahine) (15a) and 5,3'-di-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxy-8-O-sulphate flavone (condadine) (15b). The work presented here contributes to the chemotaxonomic knowledge of the Sterculiaceae family by describing the occurrence of sulphated flavonoids in this family for the first time. The crude ethanolic extract of H. velutina featured robust larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, showing that the extract can be useful as a domestic larvicide, just as indicated by traditional use, to combat A. aegypti, a vector insect of severe viral diseases, such as dengue and Zika.


Asunto(s)
Aedes/efectos de los fármacos , Flavonoides/farmacología , Insecticidas/farmacología , Malvaceae/química , Animales , Flavonoides/química , Insecticidas/química , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Estructura Molecular
3.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 109(2): 466-470, 2023 08 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37364863

RESUMEN

It remains unclear whether a previous history of tropical infectious diseases and a second SARS-COV-2 infection may influence the likelihood of later symptoms. In this prospective cohort study, individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 were followed up by telephone shortly after diagnosis of COVID-19 and again 12 months later. Poisson regression was used to identify the predictors of the highest number of symptoms in the post-COVID-19 syndrome. A total of 1,371 patients with COVID-19, with a mean age of 39.7 ± 11.7 years and 50% female, were followed for 12 months. Reinfection was found in 32 (2.3%) participants, and 806 (58.8%) individuals reported a previous history of dengue, malaria, Zika, chikungunya, leprosy, and visceral leishmaniasis. Eight hundred seventy-seven (63.9%) participants reported late symptoms related to COVID-19. After adjusting for multiple factors, female sex, non-White race, number of acute-phase symptoms, body mass index, and reinfection were independent predictors of higher number of symptoms in post-COVID-19 syndrome. Female sex, non-White race, number of acute-phase symptoms, body mass index, and reinfection, but not previous endemic tropical diseases, were associated with long-term symptoms.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Infección por el Virus Zika , Virus Zika , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , COVID-19/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Prevalencia , SARS-CoV-2 , Síndrome Post Agudo de COVID-19 , Estudios Prospectivos , Reinfección
4.
Micromachines (Basel) ; 12(3)2021 Mar 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33803615

RESUMEN

In blood flow studies, image analysis plays an extremely important role to examine raw data obtained by high-speed video microscopy systems. This work shows different ways to process the images which contain various blood phenomena happening in microfluidic devices and in microcirculation. For this purpose, the current methods used for tracking red blood cells (RBCs) flowing through a glass capillary and techniques to measure the cell-free layer thickness in different kinds of microchannels will be presented. Most of the past blood flow experimental data have been collected and analyzed by means of manual methods, that can be extremely reliable, but they are highly time-consuming, user-intensive, repetitive, and the results can be subjective to user-induced errors. For this reason, it is crucial to develop image analysis methods able to obtain the data automatically. Concerning automatic image analysis methods for individual RBCs tracking and to measure the well known microfluidic phenomena cell-free layer, two developed methods are presented and discussed in order to demonstrate their feasibility to obtain accurate data acquisition in such studies. Additionally, a comparison analysis between manual and automatic methods was performed.

5.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol ; 23(3): 185-92, 2009.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19526567

RESUMEN

Organochlorine pesticides have been detected in placenta. The ability of heptachlor (HC) and 1,1,1-tricholoro-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-4-chlorophenyl)ethane (o-p'DDT) to interfere with protein phosphorylation was evaluated. In vitro incubations of cell-free placental villi homogenates with a concentration range 1-100 microM were performed. In particulate fractions, total serine/threonine kinase activity was increased by 10 microM HC and o-p' DDT (59% and 82%, respectively). Maximum eightfold increase was observed with 10 microM o-p' DDT on protein kinase A activity. By contrast, protein kinase C activity was reduced by 10 microM HC and o-p' DDT (40% and 52%, respectively). Endogenous substrate phosphorylation studies demonstrated that slight but significant increase in 24-kDa band labeling was produced in nuclear samples with 1, 10, and 100 microM HC and 100 microM o-p' DDT. Exposition to 100 microM HC increased 85-kDa band labeling. In mitochondrial fractions, 10 microM HC and o-p' DDT increased 24- and 65-kDa bands' labeling. These data indicate that both pesticides affect protein kinase activities in particulate fraction. Nuclear compartmentalization of these compounds, insertion in membranes, and chemical stress production may be associated to the observed effects, thus suggesting deleterious consequences in signaling pathways.


Asunto(s)
Núcleo Celular/enzimología , Proteínas Quinasas Dependientes de AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , DDT/farmacología , Heptacloro/farmacología , Insecticidas/farmacología , Mitocondrias/enzimología , Placenta/enzimología , Proteína Quinasa C/metabolismo , Transporte Activo de Núcleo Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Fosforilación , Placenta/citología , Embarazo
6.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol ; 18(1): 30-6, 2004.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14994277

RESUMEN

The objective of this work was to describe the effect of organophosphorous and organochlorine pesticides on phosphoinositides metabolism in human placenta. Pesticides concentration (10 microM) was used for in vitro incubations of cell-free homogenates labelled with (32)P orthophosphate. Heptachlor (HC) and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (o-p' DDT) increased phosphatidyl-inositol, phosphatidylinositolphosphate, and phosphatidyl-inositolbiphosphate phosphorylation while azinphosmethyl (AM) increased phosphatidylinositolbiphosphate labeling. Decreased (32)P incorporation in phosphatidylinositol was found with phosmet (PM), AM, and chlorpyriphos (CHL). The effects of these xenobiotics on PI4-kinase activity using different subcellular fractions were also examined. Both type of pesticides affected the postmembrane supernatant enzyme activity. A biphasic effect on membrane and nuclear PI4-kinase activity was seen with HC. The strongest effect found was seen with o-p' DDT in nuclear kinase activity while substantial changes were also observed in membrane. These data demonstrate the sensitivity of human placental PI4-kinase to pesticides currently found in human tissues and suggest deleterious consequences in different processes regulated by 4-phosphoinositides.


Asunto(s)
1-Fosfatidilinositol 4-Quinasa/metabolismo , Insecticidas/toxicidad , Fosfatidilinositoles/metabolismo , Placenta/efectos de los fármacos , Placenta/metabolismo , Azinfosmetilo/toxicidad , Células Cultivadas , Cloropirifos/toxicidad , DDT/toxicidad , Femenino , Heptacloro/toxicidad , Humanos , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Placenta/citología , Embarazo
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