Gastric emptying time, not enterogastric reflux, is related to symptoms after upper gastrointestinal/biliary surgery.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that symptoms from bile reflux gastritis are related to the frequency and degree of enterogastric reflux (EGR). METHODS: Patients with history of upper gastrointestinal surgery or cholecystectomy as well as control patients were studied. Presence of EGR, degree of EGR, and gastric bile emptying time were assessed and quantified via 99mTC scintillation imaging and then compared between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. RESULTS: Patients with vagotomy and pyloroplasty, Billroth I, Billroth II, and cholecystectomy demonstrated statistically higher degrees of EGR compared with controls. Although asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with a history of upper gastrointestinal or biliary surgery demonstrated no statistically significant differences between incidence of EGR and degree of EGR, there was a statistically significant difference in gastric emptying time. CONCLUSIONS: Delayed gastric emptying time, not frequency or extent of EGR, was associated with the symptoms of bile reflux in patients who had previous upper gastrointestinal or biliary operations.

Radionuclide therapy of painful bone metastases--a comparative study between consecutive radionuclide infusions, combination with chemotherapy, and radionuclide infusions alone: an in vivo comparison of their effectiveness.

Radionuclides have been long used for the palliation of skeletal-related metastatic pain. They are almost invariably used as the last resource for pain palliation. Their use as single agents with dose escalations, in combination with biphosphonates or chemotherapy is well known in the peer-reviewed literature; however, little is known about the combination between different agents. In our study, we used consecutive administration of 2 different radionuclides such as (186)Re-1,1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate ((186)Re-HEDP) and (89)Strontium Chloride ((89)Sr-Cl) separated by adequate period of time to allow bone marrow recovery in patients with high chance of bone pain relapse and compared it with (89)Sr-Cl and chemotherapy group and (186)Re-HEDP with bisphosphonates. The end result was that treatment with consecutive radionuclides was much more effective and safe than the other 2 groups.

Selective hepatic arterial infusion of In-111-DTPA-Phe1-octreotide in neuroendocrine liver metastases.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of (111)In-DTPA-Phe(1)-octreotide infusions after selective catheterization of the hepatic artery in inoperable metastasised liver, sst(2) receptor-positive neuroendocrine tumours due to the effect of (111)In Auger electron emission, minimising in parallel the toxicity of non-target tissue. METHODS: The average dose per session administered monthly to each patient (17 cases in total) was 6.3+/-2.3 GBq. Repetitions did not exceed 12-fold, except in one case (15 sessions). Response assessment was classified according to the Response Evaluating Criteria in Solid Tumours. CT/MRI scans were performed as baseline before, during and after the end of treatment, and monthly ultrasound images for follow-up measurements. Toxicity (World Health Organization criteria) was measured using blood and urine tests of renal, hepatic and bone marrow function. RESULTS: Complete response was achieved in one (5.9%) patient and partial in eight (47.0%), and disease stabilization in 3 (17.7%) patients; five (29.4%) did not respond. A 32-month median survival time was estimated in 12 (70.5%). Nine of these 12 surviving had a mean target diameter shrinkage from 144+/-81 to 60+/-59 mm. Grade 1 erythro-, leuko- and thrombo-cytopenia occurred in three (17.6%) cases. CONCLUSION: In unresectable metastatic liver lesions positive for somatostatin receptors repeated, transhepatic high doses of (111)In-DTPA-Phe(1)-octreotide show an effective therapeutic outcome. Given the locoregional modality character of the administration technique plus the extremely short range of (111)In Auger and internal conversion electrons emission, no nephro-, liver- or myelo-toxicity has so far been observed.