[Acute heart failure]. / Lungenödem--Low-output-Syndrom--kardiogener Schock. Die akute Herzinsuffizienz tritt immer als Notfall auf.

Acute heart failure is always an indication for referral to an intensive care unit. In the widest sense, the term acute heart failure includes the manifestation forms of pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock or rapid-onset decompensated cardiac insufficiency unaccompanied by shock or pulmonary edema (low-output syndrome). Acute heart failure may occur in the absence of previously known heart disease. Existing prior specific diseases that may end in acute cardiac insufficiency include acute myocardial infarction, decompensated cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, cardiac tamponade, endocarditis or arrhythmogenic heart failure.

[Impending Coumarin-necrosis in a patient with heterozygous protein C deficiency type I]. / Drohende Cumarinnekrose bei einer 24-jährigen Patientin mit stattgehabter Beinvenenthrombose.

Painful pink or magenta colored skin lesions characterized by a clear line of demarcation between the affected area and surrounding tissue appearing under therapy with coumarins may be a sign for evolving coumarin-necrosis. Immediate treatment with a protein C preparation in patients with protein C deficiency can prevent necrosis.