Repetitions in reserve vs. maximum effort resistance training programs in youth female athletes.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to analyze and compare the effects of two different resistance training programs. METHODS: Fourteen under-17 youth female basketball players were randomly assigned to repetitions in reserve (RIR, N.=7) or maximum effort (RM, N.=7) resistance training programs. The programs consisted of 3-4 sets of 4 exercises x 7-10 repetitions with 2 min of passive recovery between sets and exercises, twice a week for a period of 8 weeks. The RIR group was instructed to perform the exercises with 3 repetitions remaining (rate of perceived exertion [RPE] =7). The physical assessment included jumping, agility, and sprinting tests. Moreover, the maximum strength (one maximum-repetition [1-RM]) and muscle power output at 60% 1RM were assessed for back-squat and bench-press exercises. RESULTS: The within-group analysis showed improvements in all tests for both groups (RIR=1.3-43.9%; RM=1.3-17.2%). Between-group analyses showed a significant interaction effect (group x time) on 1-RM bench-press (F=8.07, P<0.05, η2p=0.40), favoring RIR group. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports for the first time that the use of RIR-based RPE resistance training protocol promotes improvements in high-intensity actions (sprinting, jumping, and cutting), muscle power output, and maximum strength, particularly in youth athletes. Considering the advantages of non-failure training, RIR training may be a suitable in-season training strategy. However, more studies are needed to confirm whether the training-induced benefits of this novel training strategy are significantly better as compared to other approaches.

Effects of a combined strength and conditioning training program on physical abilities in adolescent male basketball players.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an in-season strength and conditioning program on physical abilities in under-16 sub-elite basketball players. METHODS: Sixteen young male basketball players were assessed using countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), 10-meters sprint and Pro Agility Test, before and after an 8-week in-season strength and conditioning program. Both the control group (BASK; N.=7) and the experimental group (SC; N.=9) were involved in regular basketball practice; additionally, the SC group performed 4 sessions per week of training intervention considering postmatch days and prior days to next match. The training protocol consisted of three components: a stabilization block, a neuromuscular/strength block (i.e. circuit of mobility, plyometric, coordination, reaction, and stability exercises) and a power block (i.e. resisted movement training performed with VertiMax V6 platform). RESULTS: Substantial improvements in CMJ (likely; d=0.30-0.47) were found in both groups. Moreover, the SC group displayed substantial increase in SJ (likely; d=0.07-1.26) and also in 10 m-sprint (d=-0.13-1.34). The between-group analysis also revealed greater improvements for the SC group in 10-m sprint (d=1.37) and SJ (d=0.50). CONCLUSIONS: In -season regular basketball practice plus strength and conditioning training program can lead to a greater improvement on jumping and sprinting abilities in male young basketball players comparing to the regular basketball training.

Relação entre judicialização e fatores socioeconômicos e de desempenho do sistema de saúde / Relación entre judicialización y factores socioeconómicos y de desempeño del sistema de salud / Relationship between the judicialization and socioeconomic and performance-related factors of the health system

OBJETIVO: Analisar a relação de fatores socioeconômicos e de desempenho do sistema de saúde com a ocorrência de processos judiciais contra o setor público da saúde no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado entre 2015 e 2016, com dados secundários de 641 municípios do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A análise ocorreu por meio do Índice de Gini e do Índice de Desempenho do Sistema Único de Saúde (IDSUS), além do número de processos judiciais sobre saúde, indicador da judicialização. As variáveis utilizadas correspondem ao ano de 2010, devido à abrangência e à qualidade dos indicadores que compõem o IDSUS desse ano. Analisaram-se os dados mediante estatística descritiva, matriz de correlação de Pearson e regressão linear múltipla. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se maior incidência de ações judiciais sobre grandes polos urbanos: o DRS I - Grande São Paulo obteve o maior número (35,5%,; n=8.189), seguido pelo DRS XV - São José Do Rio Preto (15,9%; n=3.679). A maioria dos municípios do estado de São Paulo está concentrada no Grupo Homogêneo 5 do IDSUS, sem estrutura para atendimentos especializados (62,8%; n=405), sendo que somente 0,9% dos municípios pertencem ao grupo 1 (n=6), com melhores condições de atendimento. Como principal resultado, encontrou-se relação linear positiva entre o IDSUS e o número de ações judiciais (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Não houve relação linear significativa dos fatores socioeconômicos analisados com a ocorrência de ações judiciais contra o setor público da saúde, contudo verificou-se uma maior judicialização em localidades com melhor desempenho dos serviços de saúde (IDSUS). (AU)

OJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic and performance-related factors of the health system and the incidence of lawsuits against the public health sector in Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between 2015 and 2016 with secondary data from 641 municipalities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The analysis was performed through the Gini Index and the Performance Index of the Unified Health System (Índice de Desempenho do Sistema Único de Saúde - IDSUS), in addition to the number of lawsuits against the public health sector, indicator of the judicialization of health. The variables used correspond to the year 2010 because of the breadth and quality of the indicators forming the IDSUS that year. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation matrix and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: There was a higher incidence of lawsuits in large urban centers: DRS I - Metropolitan São Paulo obtained the highest number (35.5%, n=8,189), followed by DRS XV - São José do Rio Preto (15.9 %, n=3,679). Most of the municipalities in the State of São Paulo are concentrated in the Homogeneous Group 5 of IDSUS, lacking structure for specialized care (62.8%, n=405, and only 0.9% of the municipalities belong to Group 1 (n=6), with better conditions for health care delivery. As a main result, a positive linear relationship was found between IDSUS and the number of lawsuits (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no significant linear relation between the socioeconomic factors analyzed and the incidence of lawsuits against the public health sector; however, greater judicialization was observed in places with better performance of health services (IDSUS). (AU)

OBJETIVO: Analizar la relación entre los factores socioeconómicos y de desempeño del sistema de salud con la ocurrencia de procesos judiciales contra el sector público de la salud de Brasil. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado entre 2015 y 2016 con datos secundarios de 641 municipios del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. El análisis se dio a través del Índice de Gini y del Índice de Desempeño del Sistema Único de Salud (IDSUS) además del número de procesos judiciales sobre salud, el indicador de la judicialización. Las variables utilizadas corresponden al año 2010 por la amplitud y la calidad de los indicadores que componen el IDSUS de ese año. Se analizaron los datos con la estadística descriptiva, la matriz de correlación de Pearson y la regresión linear múltiple. RESULTADOS: Se ha verificado mayor incidencia de acciones judiciales sobre los grandes polos urbanos: el DRS I - Grande São Paulo obtuvo mayor número (35,5%; n=8.189), seguido del DRS XV - São José de Rio Preto (15,9%; n=3.679). La mayoría de los municipios del estado de São Paulo está concentrada en el Grupo Homogéneo 5 del IDSUS, sin estructura para la atención especializada (62,8%; n=405) y solamente el 0,9% de los municipios pertenecen al grupo 1 (n=6), con mejores condiciones de asistencia. Se encontró relación linear positiva entre el IDSUS y el número de acciones judiciales (p<0,05) como resultado principal. CONCLUSIÓN: No hubo relación linear significativa de los factores socioeconómicos analizados con la ocurrencia de acciones judiciales contra el sector público de la salud, sin embargo, se ha verificado mayor judicialización en los sitios con mejor desempeño de los servicios de salud (IDSUS). (AU)

Fratura exposta: conceitos atuais / Open fractures: an update

Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar conceitos atuais sobre como manejar e conduzir as fraturas expostas, bem como as condições que cercam seu tratamento