Structure, Synthesis, and Catalytic Performance of Emerging MXene-Based Catalysts.

As traditional fossil fuel energy development faces significant challenges, two-dimensional layered materials have become increasingly popular in various fields and have generated widespread research interest. MXene is an exceptional catalytic material that is typically integrated into functional composite materials with other substances to enhance its catalytic-reaction performance. Improving the thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and electrochemical activity, as well as enhancing the specific surface structure, can make the material an excellent catalyst for photoelectrocatalysis and energy-regeneration reactions. The article mainly outlines the structural characteristics, preparation methods, and applications of MXene in the field of catalysis. This text highlights the latest progress and performance comparison of MXene-based catalytic functional materials in various fields such as electrochemical conversion, photocatalysis, renewable energy, energy storage, and carbon capture and conversion. It also proposes future prospects and discusses the current bottlenecks and challenges in the development of MXene-based catalytic materials.

Efficient Diesel Desulfurization by Novel Amphiphilic Polyoxometalate-Based Hybrid Catalyst at Room Temperature.

Amphiphilic hybrid catalysts were prepared by modifying [SMo12O40]2- with tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromide (BMIMBr) and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ODAB), respectively. The prepared catalysts were characterized by IR, XRD, SEM, TG and XPS. The desulfurization performance of the catalysts was investigated in model oil and actual diesel using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an oxidant and acetonitrile as an extractant. All catalysts exhibited favorable activity for removing sulfur compounds at room temperature. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) can be nearly completely removed using SMo12O402--organic catalysts within a short reaction time. For different sulfur compounds, the [TBA]2SMo12O40 catalyst showed a better removal effect than the [BMIM]2SMo12O40 and [ODA]2SMo12O40 catalyst. The [TBA]2SMo12O40 dissolved in extraction solvent could be reused up to five times in an oxidative desulfurization (ODS) cycle with no significant loss of activity. The [BMIM]2SMo12O40 performed as a heterogeneous catalyst able to be recycled from the ODS system and maintained excellent catalytic activity. The catalysts showed a positive desulfurization effect in real diesel treatment. Finally, we described the ODS desulfurization mechanism of DBT using SMo12O402--organic hybrid catalysts. The amphiphilic hybrid catalyst cation captures DBT, while SMo12O402- reacts with the oxidant H2O2 to produce peroxy-active species. DBT can be oxidized to its sulfone by the action of peroxy-active species to achieve ODS desulfurization.