[Clinical features of central retinal vein occlusion complicating exudative retinal detachment].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) complicating exudative retinal detachment (ERD). METHODS: General health, vision, intraocular pressure, appearance of the fundus and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and the results of ultrasound examination in cases with CRVO complicating ERD were analyzed. RESULTS: Eight patients were male and 7 patients were female. Age of those patients ranged from 18 to 42 years, averaged 25 years. Five cases combined with neovascular glaucoma. Initial vision ranged from 0.05 to light perception. There were notably edema and hemorrhage in the macular region. Extensive exudative appeared at the edge of edema and detachment region. The extent of retinal detachment was 2/12 - 5/12 quadrant at sitting position. No collateral vessels were found on the optic disk. FFA showed extensive blockage by the hemorrhages or capillary nonperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: ERD is a rare and severe complication of CRVO, which usually develops in young patients and combines with neovascular glaucoma. The appearance in fundus and FFA shows a characteristic features.

[Preliminary results of radiosurgery for uveal melanoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical value of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for uveal melanoma. METHODS: From Jan, 1996 to March, 2004, 16 patients with uveal melanoma were treated with SRS, two by one session (35 Gy, 25 Gy) and fourteen by fractionated SRS (30-55 Gy/2-4F/4-16D). The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 100 months (median: 66 months). RESULTS: All 16 patients were still alive though all were blind in the diseased eye during recent follow-up. Local control rate was 93.4%, 5-year survival rate of 13 patients who have been followed for more than 5 years, was 100% (13/13). However, 7 patients received eyeball enucleation due to corneal ulcer (n = 2), suspicion for uncontrolled tumor (n = 2) and secondary glaucoma (n = 3). One patient developed distant metastasis, though still alive. CONCLUSION: Fractionated radiosurgery is safe and effective for uveal melanoma. It is indicated for lesions of limited size (longest diameter < 20 mm, depth < 15 mm) located in the posterior pole or behind the equator at the back of the eyeball.

[The pilot study of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of retinal detachment with choroidal detachment].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency and safety of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of retinal detachment with choroidal detachment. METHODS: 13 the patients (13 eyes) of retinal detachment with choroidal detachment were chosen and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1 ml (4 mg) were administrated via intravitreal injection through pars plana. The therapeutic effects on uveitis and choroidal detachment was analyzed. The retinal reattachment surgery was performed five to ten days after the injection. RESULTS: all 13 patients receiving triamcinolone acetonide demonstrated alleviated uveitis to some degree. The rate of retinal holes detection increased from 2/13 pre-injection to 7/13 post-operation. Choroidal detachment disappeared in most of cases within 10 days triamcinolone acetonide injection. Five eyes underwent scleral buckling, 6 eyes underwent with vitrectomy, and 2 patients abandoned surgery. The average follow up after surgery was 4 and half months. All eyes received with triamcinolone acetonide injection and surgery had retinal reattached successfully and no side effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide was an effective and safe method to treat choroidal detachment and alleviate uveitis. The injection simplified surgery procedure and improve the success rate of retinal detachment.

[Analysis of changes of color Doppler flow imaging in age-related macular degeneration].

OBJECTIVE: To study the specific imaging of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). METHODS: Routine CDFI was carried out in 98 cases of AMD to observe the character of blood flow in AMD, to establish the diagnosis criteria of different types of AMD and to different the AMD from malignant choroidal melanoma, metastatic carcinoma of the choroid, choroidal nevus and macular edema. RESULTS: CDFI in dry form AMD did not detect changes in most patients, mildly elevated lesions presented in some cases. In wet form of AMD, CDFI showed solid lesion with irregular surface contour. The internal structure of these lesions was middle degree. Choroidal excavation was not found. Numerous blood flow signals could be found at the base of the lesion. Spot blood flow signals were present on the surface of the lesion. There was no abnormal blood flow signal in the mass. The different acoustic properties between wet form and dry form included configuration, surface and internal structure, with or without vitreous hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: CDFI is a simple and reliable method in the diagnosis of AMD.

[Color Doppler flow imaging in the diagnosis of complex vitreoretinal diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the advantages of Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the diagnosis of complex vitreoretinal diseases. METHODS: Both CDFI and B-mode ultrasonographic studies were performed on 518 cases (678 eyes) vitreoretinal diseases, such as vitreous hemorrhage, posterior vitreous detachment, vitreoschisis, retinal detachment; choroidal detachment and diabetic vitreoretinopathy. The accuracy of diagnosis by B-mode and CDFI on the same case was compared with results of surgery. RESULTS: Comparing between CDFI and B-mode ultrasonographic, CDFI has more advantage in the diagnosis of the complicated vitreous-retina disease than other simple retina diseases (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: CDFI is good diagnostic method for complicated vitreoretinal diseases. Using CDFI sensitivity and veracity were obvious improved than using B-mode. CDFI can get more information for clinical diagnosis.

[Effect of ferulic acid on the proliferation of nerve cells of retinas in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism of ferulic acid (FA) on the proliferation of nerve cells of retinas in vitro and provide the principal for prevention and treatment of some degenerative retinal diseases. METHODS: Retinal cells suspension from 7 months human embryo, neonatal calf, and 4 months postnatal mice were treated with FA, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and kakonein were used as placebo. 72 hours after incubation with BDNT, MTT and (3)H-thymidine ((3)H-TdR) incorporation were used to evaluate cell proliferation and DNA synthesis. RESULTS: The proliferation of three retinas cell lines was stimulated by the treatment of FA, it was shown that the effect of FA on cell viability was dose-dependent, and the highest response was seen in mice retinal cell. It has been found that to the adult mice group, FA within 15.6 to 1,000.0 mg/L was shown promotion for nerve cell proliferation, but only FA with 125.0 - 1,000.0 mg/L to that of 7 months human embryo, neonatal calf. To the 7 months human embryo group, FA with 62.5 - 1,000.0 mg/L was shown the promotion for DNA synthesis, moreover, 500.0 mg/L was most suitable for cell proliferation and DNA synthesis. BDNF with 12.5 - 50.0 microg/L was also shown promotion for nerve cell proliferation, moreover the 50.0 microg/L was the most suitable, but kakonein was not shown obvious promotional effect. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that FA was better for nerve cell proliferation than that of BDNF, and would probably become one of new agents for prevention and treatment of some degenerative retinal diseases.