RESUMEN
Laccase enzymatic activity in biological samples is usually detected spectrophotometrically through its capacity to oxidize several specific aromatic compounds. One of the most commonly used substrates is the compound 2-2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which becomes green-blue coloured when it is oxidized by laccase. In this work we study the interference of tannic acid with the spectrophotometric assay to detect laccase by using ABTS as the substrate. Our data show that under the normal reaction conditions of this assay, but in the absence of any catalyst, tannic acid is able to carry out the chemical reduction of the oxidized specie of ABTS, thus decreasing the overall detectable laccase-activity values observed when this enzyme is present in the reaction mixture. Therefore, our results represent an important warning concerning a commonly used method for measuring, detecting or screening laccases in biological samples that may content tannic acid or structural-related molecules.
Asunto(s)
Taninos Hidrolizables/química , Lacasa/análisis , Ácidos Sulfónicos/química , Benzotiazoles , Hongos/enzimología , Taninos Hidrolizables/farmacología , Indicadores y Reactivos , Lacasa/metabolismo , Oxidación-ReducciónAsunto(s)
Vasos Sanguíneos/citología , Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial/fisiología , Endotelio Vascular/citología , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular/fisiología , Linfocinas/fisiología , Animales , Vasos Sanguíneos/lesiones , Vasos Sanguíneos/fisiología , Bovinos , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Endotelio Vascular/fisiología , Humanos , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial VascularAsunto(s)
Calcinosis/etiología , Uremia/complicaciones , Enfermedades Vasculares/etiología , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Arteriolas/patología , Arteriosclerosis/complicaciones , Membrana Basal/patología , Remodelación Ósea , Calcinosis/diagnóstico , Calcinosis/patología , Calcio/metabolismo , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Trastorno Mineral y Óseo Asociado a la Enfermedad Renal Crónica/etiología , Trastorno Mineral y Óseo Asociado a la Enfermedad Renal Crónica/metabolismo , Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Humanos , Hiperparatiroidismo/complicaciones , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/etiología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Trasplante de Riñón , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Diálisis Renal , Uremia/patología , Uremia/terapia , Enfermedades Vasculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Vasculares/patología , Vénulas/patología , Vitamina D/administración & dosificación , Vitamina D/fisiologíaAsunto(s)
Hiperaldosteronismo/diagnóstico por imagen , Hiperaldosteronismo/diagnóstico , Adenoma/complicaciones , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/complicaciones , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico , Adulto , Desoxicorticosterona , Dexametasona , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperaldosteronismo/etiología , Espironolactona , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XAsunto(s)
Síndrome de Andersen/fisiopatología , Fenómenos Electrofisiológicos/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Mutación , Adulto , Síndrome de Andersen/genética , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Arritmias Cardíacas/genética , Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatología , Fenómenos Electrofisiológicos/genética , Prueba de Esfuerzo , Humanos , Masculino , Parálisis Periódicas Familiares/diagnóstico , Parálisis Periódicas Familiares/genética , Parálisis Periódicas Familiares/fisiopatología , Canales de Potasio de Rectificación Interna/genética , Canales de Potasio de Rectificación Interna/fisiologíaRESUMEN
A new technique of temporary transparietocecal ileal diversion in the prevention of anastomotic leakage in colonic operation is presented. The results of this new procedure, particularly with regards to the incidence of anastomotic leakage, morbidity and mortality, has been encouraging. There has not been a single instance of clinical anastomotic dehiscence in 73 patients in whom this technique was done. The postoperative course has been remarkably smooth. There has been no complications associated with this technique. This procedure is a simple and safe method of fecal diversion in planned colonic resections.
Asunto(s)
Colon/cirugía , Ileostomía/métodos , Dehiscencia de la Herida Operatoria/prevención & control , Apendicectomía , Catéteres de Permanencia , Ciego , Contenido Digestivo/análisis , Humanos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Distillery wastewaters generated by ethanol production from fermentation of sugar-cane molasses, named vinasses, lead to important ecological impact due to their high content of soluble organic matter and their intense dark-brown color. Taking advantage of the well-known ability of white-rot fungi to degrade an extensive variety of organic pollutants, the capacity of Trametes sp. I-62 (CECT 20197) to detoxify this type of effluents was evaluated. In this work, pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was applied to the chemical characterization of several fractions of Cuban distillery wastewater as well as to monitoring the changes which occurred after fungal treatment with this white-rot basidiomycete. Maximum effluent decolorization values and chemical oxygen demand reduction attained after seven days of fungal treatment were 73.3 and 61.7%, respectively, when 20% (v/v) of distillery vinasses was added to the culture medium. Under these conditions a 35-fold increase in laccase production by Trametes sp. I-62 was measured, but no manganese peroxidase activity could be detected. The pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry results showed a decrease in a number of pyrolysis products after seven days of fungal treatment, mainly furan derivatives. The decrease in the relative areas of these compounds could be related to the vinasse color-removal associated with melanoidin degradation. All these results indicated the potential use ofTrametes sp. I-62 in the detoxification of recalcitrant distillery vinasses.
Asunto(s)
Residuos Industriales/análisis , Polyporaceae/química , Eliminación de Residuos Líquidos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Fermentación , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Lacasa , Oxidorreductasas/análisis , Oxígeno/análisisRESUMEN
Some fractions of beer-factory wastewaters represent an important environmental concern owing to their high content of polyphenols and dark-brown color. The capacity of Coriolopsis gallica to preferentially degrade lignin has been successfully applied in our laboratory to the biotreatment and decolorization of paper-industry effluents. In this work, the ability of this white-rot fungus to degrade high-tannin-containing wastewaters is evaluated. Under all the conditions studied, effluent decolorization and chemical oxygen demand reduction achieved by C. gallica at day 12 of incubation were close to 50 and 65%, respectively. No adhesion of dark color to the fungal mycelium was observed suggesting that decolorization could be ascribed to C. gallica degradation systems. Mycelium dry-weight values showed that C. gallica is tolerant to relatively high tannin content present in the effluent samples. In the sample containing the highest effluent concentration (60% v/v), dry-weight values suggested an inhibition of fungal growth at day 6 of incubation and a further adaptation of the fungus to the stressing tannin effect at day 12 of fungal treatment. Pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry results showed a decrease of polyphenols pyrolysis products, mainly phenol and guaiacol, with the incubation time. All these results indicate the potential use of C. gallica in bioremediation of tannin-containing industrial wastewaters and in other applications where a reduction in polyphenols content is required.