[Systematic review and Meta-analysis of Lianhua Qingwen preparations combined with Oseltamivir in treatment of influenza].

This study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen preparations combined with Oseltamivir in the treatment of influenza patients. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP were searched for the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) involving the comparison between the influenza patients treated with Lianhua Qingwen preparations combined with Oseltamivir and those treated with Oseltamivir alone. Fever clearance time was taken as the primary outcome indicator. Clinical effective rate(markedly effective and effective), time to muscle pain relief, time to sore throat relief, time to cough relief, time to nasal congestion and runny nose relief, time to negative result of viral nucleic acid test, and adverse reactions were taken as the secondary outcome indicators. The data were extracted based on the outcome indicators and then combined. The Cochrane collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was used to evaluate the quality of a single RCT, and the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluations(GRADE) system to assess the quality of a single outcome indicator. RevMan 5.3 was employed to analyze data and test heterogeneity. Finally, 16 RCTs involving 1 629 patients were included for analysis. The Meta-analysis showed that Lianhua Qingwen preparations combined with Oseltamivir was superior to Oseltamivir alone in the treatment of influenza in terms of clinical effective rate(RR=1.16, 95%CI [1.12, 1.20], P<0.000 01), fever clearance time(SMD=-2.02, 95%CI [-2.62,-1.41], P<0.000 01), time to muscle pain relief(SMD=-2.50, 95%CI [-3.84,-1.16], P=0.000 2), time to sore throat relief(SMD=-1.40, 95%CI [-1.93,-0.85], P<0.000 01), time to cough relief(SMD=-1.81, 95%CI [-2.44,-1.19], P<0.000 01), time to nasal congestion and runny nose(SMD=-2.31, 95%CI [-3.61,-1.01], P=0.000 5), and time to negative result of viral nucleic acid test(SMD=-0.68, 95%CI [-1.19,-0.16], P=0.01). However, due to the low quality of the trials, the above conclusions need to be proved by more high-quality clinical studies. In addition, we still need to attach importance to the adverse reactions of the integrated application of Chinese and western medicines.

[Thoughts and suggestions on arrangement, analysis and summary of medical data during COVID-19 epidemic].

The analysis and utilization of clinical scientific research data is an effective means to promote the progress of diagnosis and treatment, and a key step in the development of medical sciences. During the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), how to transform the limited diagnostic data into clinical research resources has attracted much attention. Based on the low efficiency of data collection and extraction, the inconsistency of data analysis, the irregularity of data report and the high timeliness of data update during the epidemic, this paper briefly analyzed the background and reasons of data application under the current situation, and then discusses the problems and feasible solutions of clinical data applications under the epidemic situation and, more importantly, for future medical clinical research methods. We put forward several methodological suggestions: ① gradually improve the medical big data model and establish the national medical health data center; ② improve the scientific research literacy of medical staff and popularize the basic skills and knowledge of GCP; ③ promote a scientific, networked and shared data collection and management mode; ④ use the mixed research method and collective analysis to improve the efficiency of clinical data analysis; ⑤ pay attention to narration of the medical feelings and emphasize the humanistic data of clinical medicine. It is expected to promote the standardized and reasonable use of clinical scientific research data, the rigorous integration of expert opinions, and ultimately the development of big data for national health care.

[Thoughts and suggestions on analysis of death cases report during COVID-19 epidemic].

It is an essential task to discuss the death cases for clinicians. During the emergent public events, the report and analysis of death cases is of far-reaching significance. The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has brought huge losses to China, and the medical system has been sustaining tremendous pressure. The best weapon to defeat the epidemic is medical data and related scientific research, of which the systematic analysis and efficient use of death cases is a key step. Based on the incomplete record of death case report, the lack of humanistic perspective and patient report, every department and institution is facing great challenge in terms of data management. Given that the relevant systems need to be improved, and that the integration of standardized reports and clinical research is not mature,as well as other problems, we put forward several methodological suggestions: ① Establish national medical and health data center and improve relevant laws and regulations. ② Increase investment in medical data management and start data collection and analysis as early as possible during the epidemic. ③ Refine the content of death case report and promote the standardization of report. ④ Pay close attention to the report of death cases, review, summary and analysis. More importantly, we should continue to build and improve platforms and programs related to disease control, carry out epidemic-associated scientific research, enhance the managing efficiency of public health data, elevate the anti-risk capability of our medical system, and promote the steady progress of the health China strategy.

Combined with UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS-based plasma lipidomics and molecular pharmacology reveals the mechanisms of schisandrin against Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD), a type of neurodegeneration disease, is characterized by Aß deposition and tangles of nerve fibers. Schisandrin is one of the main components of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis. Researches showed that schisandrin can improve the cognitive impairment and memory of AD mice, but the specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible mechanism of schisandrin in improving AD pathology. METHODS: The Morris water maze test was executed to detect spatial learning and memory. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-Triple time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS)-based plasma lipidomics was used to study the changes of plasma lipids. Moreover, we measured the levels of protein and mRNA expression of APOE and ABCA1 in the rat brains and in BV2 microglia. RESULTS: Our study found that schisandrin could improve learning and memory, and reduce Aß deposition in AD rats. Furthermore, we found that schisandrin can improve plasma lipid metabolism disorders. Therefore, we hypothesized schisandrin might act via LXR and the docking results showed that schisandrin interacts with LXRß. Further, we found schisandrin increased the protein and mRNA expression of LXR target genes APOE and ABCA1 in the brain of AD rats and in BV2 microglia. CONCLUSION: Our study reveals the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of schisandrin improves AD pathology by activating LXR to produce APOE and ABCA1.