Organizational Climate for Inclusion Among Nurses: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to answer the research question: What factors predict sense of belonging among nurses?The connection between inclusion (an element of diversity and equity) and a nurse's sense of belonging is poorly understood. METHODS: In this mixed-methods research, regression analysis of Climate for Inclusion Scale subscales and Sense of Belonging score plus thematic content analysis of questions assessing sense of belonging were conducted. Nurses (n = 131) attending a research conference in June to July 2022 were invited to participate; 131 (72%) participated. RESULTS: Climate for Inclusion Scale was positively associated with and predictive of sense of belonging (F3,113 = 71.7, P < 0.001). Themes reflecting actions to enhance sense of belonging were as follows: authentic leadership, embracing social justice, team unification, feeling heard, being seen, professional development, developing a healthier work environment, and integration of differences. CONCLUSIONS: Leaders can promote a sense of belonging among nurses by focusing on actions reflected in the themes.

Case Study Investigation Decreases Burnout While Improving Interprofessional Teamwork, Nurse Satisfaction, and Patient Safety.

Prevention of burnout is a national imperative, and blame-free investigations of clinical events are advocated. Reflective inquiry techniques are helpful in processing adverse events while minimizing blame. The purpose of this project was to develop an interprofessional peer review program (Case Study Investigation) to process emotions, improve teamwork, and optimize patient outcomes. This evidence-based practice project was conducted in a 12-bed intensive care unit using reflective inquiry techniques to perform peer case review across disciplines. Significant improvements were seen in percent strongly agree to the 2 satisfaction questions asked: "I feel free to speak up regarding issues that may affect patient care" (increased from 37% to 73%, χ = 6.19, P < .05), and "There is open communication between physicians and nurses" (rose from 33% to 73%, χ = 7.53, P < .05). In total, 95% perceived improvement in interprofessional teamwork. Burnout decreased significantly at 6 months (n = 22, M = 18.40, SD = 3.36) from baseline scores (n = 27, M = 21.96, SD = 4.47), F2,72 = 4.48, P < .02. Central line-associated infections decreased from 3.6 per 1000 to 0 per 1000 catheter-days. Catheter-related urinary tract infections decreased from 2 per 1000 to 0 per 1000 patient-days. Both were sustained below benchmark. Reflective inquiry decreases nurse burnout while improving perceived interprofessional teamwork and employee satisfaction, and measurements of patient safety.