RESUMEN
High-density genetic linkage maps are necessary for precisely mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling grain shape and size in wheat. By applying the Infinium iSelect 9K SNP assay, we have constructed a high-density genetic linkage map with 269 F 8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed between a Chinese cornerstone wheat breeding parental line Yanda1817 and a high-yielding line Beinong6. The map contains 2431 SNPs and 128 SSR & EST-SSR markers in a total coverage of 3213.2 cM with an average interval of 1.26 cM per marker. Eighty-eight QTLs for thousand-grain weight (TGW), grain length (GL), grain width (GW) and grain thickness (GT) were detected in nine ecological environments (Beijing, Shijiazhuang and Kaifeng) during five years between 2010-2014 by inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) (LOD ≥ 2.5). Among which, 17 QTLs for TGW were mapped on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B and 6B with phenotypic variations ranging from 2.62% to 12.08%. Four stable QTLs for TGW could be detected in five and seven environments, respectively. Thirty-two QTLs for GL were mapped on chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B, 3D, 4A, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6B, 7A and 7B, with phenotypic variations ranging from 2.62% to 44.39%. QGl.cau-2A.2 can be detected in all the environments with the largest phenotypic variations, indicating that it is a major and stable QTL. For GW, 12 QTLs were identified with phenotypic variations range from 3.69% to 12.30%. We found 27 QTLs for GT with phenotypic variations ranged from 2.55% to 36.42%. In particular, QTL QGt.cau-5A.1 with phenotypic variations of 6.82-23.59% was detected in all the nine environments. Moreover, pleiotropic effects were detected for several QTL loci responsible for grain shape and size that could serve as target regions for fine mapping and marker assisted selection in wheat breeding programs.
Asunto(s)
Mapeo Cromosómico , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Ligamiento Genético , Sitios de Carácter Cuantitativo , Carácter Cuantitativo Heredable , Triticum/genética , Ambiente , Interacción Gen-Ambiente , Genoma de Planta , Genómica , Humanos , Endogamia , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Fenotipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido SimpleRESUMEN
Fourteen wheat cultivars were identified into six types of Wx proteins combinations using 6% SDS-PAGE. PCR primers were designed according to the three Wx genes sequences and their mutants, respectively. A 327 bp-band was amplified from the Wx-A1 mutant,while the band was absent for the normal alleles at the Wx-A1 locus,as well as the presence or absence of a 187 bp PCR fragment at the Wx-B1 locus and a 700 bp PCR fragment at the Wx-D1 locus, respectively, corresponding to the normal and mutant alleles. Compared with the former studies, shorter and more different PCR products at three loci, amplified by the primers designed for Wx-B1 gene can be separated in 2% agarose gel, which enables screening breeding lines for noodle use faster and effectively.
Asunto(s)
Polimorfismo Genético , Almidón Sintasa/genética , Triticum/genética , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Triticum/enzimologíaRESUMEN
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on common wheat Chinese Spring, H. villosa, addition lines of H. villosa chromosome in CS, substitution line 3V of H. villosa chromosome in Triticum aestivum. A genome specific polymorphic DNA segment from H. villosa, OPF02757, was obtained. On the basis of cloning and sequencing of OPF02757, two PCR primers were designed and a genome specific PCR marker for H. villosa was established. The PCR marker including 677 bp was localized on all the seven pairs of H. villosa chromosomes. The result of PCR amplification by the primers indicated that there was a specific band of 677 bp in the materials containing H. villosa Chromosome such as T. aestivum-H. villosa addition, T. aestivum-H. villosa substitution, T. aestivum-H. villosa amphidiploid, T. durum-H. villosa amphidiploid and H. villosum from different accessions, and there was no specific band of 677 bp if the materials did not contain H. villosa chromosome, such as T. aestivum, T. durum, Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare, Thinopyrum elongatum, Thinopyrum intermedium. Therefore, the PCR maker of 677 bp is specific to H. villosa genome, and could be used as molecular marker for detection of chromosomes of H. villosa in wheat.
Asunto(s)
Genoma de Planta , Poaceae/genética , Técnica del ADN Polimorfo Amplificado Aleatorio/métodos , Secuencia de Bases , Cromosomas de las Plantas/genética , ADN de Plantas/genética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Triticum/genéticaRESUMEN
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on common wheat of Chinese Spring, addition lines of H. villosa chromosome in CS and H. villosum from different accessions with 100 random 10-base primers. A chromosome-specific polymorphic DNA segment for H. villosa, OPF02(750), was obtained from all addition lines of H. villosa chromosome in CS and H. villosum which belong to different accessions. The result amplified by primer OPF02 of all addition lines of H. villosa chromosome in CS indicated that all the seven pairs of H. villosa chromosomes contain OPF02(750) segment. There was no OPF02(750) in all Triticum aestivum and T. durum tested. Using OPF02, We confirmed that NAU302, an addition line of H. villosa chromosome 3V, had lost its chromosome 3V of H. villosa. Therefore, OPF02(750) is specific to chromosomes of H. villosa, and could be used as a molecular marker for detection of chromosome of H. villosa in wheat.