RESUMEN
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped anaerobe, that is a rare but potentially lethal cause of bacteremia in humans, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. We reported a 69-year-old HIV-infected male presenting with dysphagia, odynophagia and fulminant pneumonia who died. In addition, in a literature review, we summarized the characteristics of 19 adult patients with A. succiniciproducens bacteremia, which were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry or molecular methods. Among those, the presentation of gastrointestinal conditions was the only independent risk factor for mortality. Clinicians should be aware of this pathogen, especially when a culture is negative but a Gram stain reveals gram-negative spiral-shaped bacteria.
Asunto(s)
Anaerobiospirillum/genética , Anaerobiospirillum/aislamiento & purificación , Anaerobiospirillum/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/etiología , Infecciones por VIH/sangre , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/microbiología , Anciano , Resultado Fatal , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/genética , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/mortalidad , Infecciones por VIH/mortalidad , Humanos , Masculino , TaiwánRESUMEN
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens is a gram-negative anaerobic spiral rod which is part of the normal flora of dogs and cats and can produce bacteraemia and diarrhoea in humans. In this report we describe two cases of bacteraemia caused by A. succiniciproducens which was successfully identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We present a comprehensive literature review of 48 cases of A. succiniciproducens bacteraemia in which we describe previous underlying conditions, clinical presentations, identification methodology and antibiotic susceptibility data.
Asunto(s)
Anaerobiospirillum/aislamiento & purificación , Bacteriemia/diagnóstico , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anaerobiospirillum/química , Anaerobiospirillum/clasificación , Diarrea/diagnóstico , Diarrea/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Two cases of insidious bacteremia by uncommon curve and spiral-shaped, motile anaerobic gram-negative rods are presented. Both of them were of an unclear origin and occurred in immunosuppressed patients with simultaneous diseases. The key tests for the identification of Anaerobiospirillum were its micromorphology, a strictly anaerobic condition, negative catalase activity, the special-potency disk profile, glucose fermentation, and ß-NAG production. Desulfovibrio species was identified by all the above preliminary tests but with a different disk profile, as well as for being asaccharolytic and desulfoviridin and H2S producer. We here alert about the resistance or intermediate susceptibility of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens against antimicrobial agents, such as metronidazole, one of the first-line drugs used for the treatment of anaerobic gram-negative infections. Aminopenicillins with ß-lactamase-inhibitor combinations and imipenem were active for this agent. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was ß-lactamase producer and resistant to cephalosporins, while metronidazole, imipenem and levofloxacin were active. A reliable identification of these microorganisms is important for establishing the best therapeutic scheme.
Asunto(s)
Anaerobiospirillum , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Desulfovibrio desulfuricans , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas , Anaerobiospirillum/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos , Desulfovibrio desulfuricans/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Huésped InmunocomprometidoRESUMEN
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens is a rare but potentially lethal pathogen. We report a case of A. succiniciproducens bloodstream infection in a 55-year-old man hospitalized for pelvic trauma. The strain was identified by 16sRNA sequencing after several failures of identification by MALDI-TOF MS. The strain was susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics and ciprofloxacin, but resistant to macrolides and clindamycin. Identification tools must be improved to enhance our knowledge on this rare pathogen and to define optimal therapy.
Asunto(s)
Anaerobiospirillum/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Anaerobiospirillum/clasificación , Anaerobiospirillum/genética , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapéutico , Clindamicina/uso terapéutico , Diagnóstico Tardío , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pelvis/lesiones , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción , beta-Lactamas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The dynamics of the membrane fatty acid composition of a succinic acid-producing bacterium, Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens, was studied using continuous and batch cultures. In both batch and chemostat continuous culture conditions, A. succiniciproducens grown on glucose or glycerol responded to acid stress by lowering the content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and increasing the content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Notably, A. succiniciproducens elongated C16:0 (SFA) and converted it to C18:1 (UFA) in the pH-uncontrolled culture, which is a common bacterial adaptation strategy to combat acid stress. Interestingly, A. succiniciproducens did not exhibit a significant increase in cyclic FA content, which is another common strategy to cope with acidic conditions.
Asunto(s)
Anaerobiospirillum/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/química , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Ácido Succínico/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultivo Celular por Lotes , Reactores Biológicos , Medios de Cultivo , Ácidos Grasos/química , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Glucosa/metabolismo , Glicerol/metabolismo , Ácido Succínico/análisisRESUMEN
Se presentan 2 casos de bacteriemias insidiosas por bacilos gram negativos anaerobios curvos, espiralados, móviles e infrecuentes en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Estas bacteriemias, asociadas al aislamiento de Anaerobiospirillum y Desulfovibrio, fueron de origen poco claro y afectaron a pacientes inmunocomprometidos, con patologías simultáneas. Pruebas claves en la identificación del género Anaerobiospirillum fueron el estudio de la micromorfología, su carácter de anaerobio estricto, el resultado negativo en la prueba de catalasa, el patrón de discos de interés taxonómico, la fermentación de glucosa y la producción de β-N-acetilglucosaminidasa. El género Desulfovibrio se diferenció por el perfil presentado en las pruebas con discos, por ser asacarolítico, sin actividad de enzimas glucosídicas, y por producir desulfoviridina y H2S. Se alerta sobre la resistencia o sensibilidad intermedia de Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens (especie a la que correspondió el aislado de Anaerobiospirillum) a algunos de los antimicrobianos de primera línea frente a bacilos gram negativos anaerobios, como el metronidazol; fueron activas las combinaciones de aminopenicilinas con inhibidores de β-lactamasas y el imipenem. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (especie a la que correspondió el aislado de Desulfovibrio) fue productora de β-lactamasas y resistente a las cefalosporinas; en cambio, fueron activos el metronidazol, el imipenem y la levofloxacina. La identificación confiable de estos microorganismos orienta hacia el mejor esquema terapéutico.
Two cases of insidious bacteremia by uncommon curve and spiral-shaped, motile anaerobic gram-negative rods are presented. Both of them were of an unclear origin and occurred in immunosuppressed patients with simultaneous diseases. The key tests for the identification of Anaerobiospirillum were its micromorphology, a strictly anaerobic condition, negative catalase activity, the special-potency disk profile, glucose fermentation, and β-NAG production. Desulfovibrio species was identified by all the above preliminary tests but with a different disk profile, as well as for being asaccharolytic and desulfoviridin and H2S producer. We here alert about the resistance or intermediate susceptibility of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens against antimicrobial agents, such as metronidazole, one of the first-line drugs used for the treatment of anaerobic gram-negative infections. Aminopenicillins with β-lactamase-inhibitor combinations and imipenem were active for this agent. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was β-lactamase producer and resistant to cephalosporins, while metronidazole, imipenem and levofloxacin were active. A reliable identification of these microorganisms is important for establishing the best therapeutic scheme.