RESUMEN
Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara, 1953 (L. adscendens) belongs to the family Onagraceae, which is a traditional medicinal plant distributed worldwide. In this study, the first complete chloroplast genome of L. adscendens was sequenced and assembled. The assembled chloroplast genome of L. adscendens is 159,560 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeat region A (IRA) of 24,762 bp, inverted repeat region B (IRB) of 24,762 bp, separated by a large single-copy (LSC) sequence of 90,276 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 19, 760 bp, respectively. A total of 129 genes were annotated in the entire chloroplast genome, consisting of 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 84 protein-coding genes, with a total GC content of 37.27%. The phylogenomic analysis showed that L. adscendens was closely related to L. octovalvis in the Onagraceae family. Further evolutionary studies of the genus Ludwigia could benefit from the complete chloroplast genome of L. adscendens present in this study and the obtained results would provide useful information for future phylogenetic, taxonomic, and evolutionary studies on Onagraceae.
RESUMEN
Ludwigia adscendens subsp. diffusa (Onagraceae), an important aquatic herb widely distributed in the Nile River and canals in Egypt. The goal of the current study is to investigate the phytochemical composition of L. adscendens aerial parts n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions and screening of its biological activities. Phytochemical investigation of L. adscendens resulted in the isolation and purification of eleven compounds belonging to flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and oligosaccharides, of which one compound was identified as new using different spectroscopic techniques. Compound 2 was identified as a new compound namely, 3-O-[ß-D-glucopyranoside (1 â 4) α-L-rhamnopyranoside]-23-O-feruloyl-hederagenin-28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1 â 2) ß-D-glucopyranoside], along with other 10 well know compounds. Furthermore, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions were investigated in vitro, revealing that ethyl acetate fraction was the most active as antidiabetic (IC50 = 62.3 µg/mL), hepatoprotective (IC50 = 80.75 µg/mL), and cytotoxic against human prostate cancer cell line (IC50 = 52.2 µg/mL). Collectively, L. adscendens aerial part is rich with a myriad of phytochemicals with potential health benefits.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: There is an urgent need to discover and develop new drugs to combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) in humans. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the discovery of new anti-TB agents from natural sources. In the present investigation, molecular docking studies were carried out on two ellagic acid derivatives, namely pteleoellagic acid (1) isolated from Ludwigia adscendens, and 3,3'-di-O-methyl ellagic acid 4-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (2) isolated from Trewia nudiflora, to investigate their binding to two enzymes involved in M. tuberculosis cell wall biogenesis, namely 2-trans-enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) and ß-ketoacyl-ACP reductase (MabA), and to pantothenate kinase (PanK type I) involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A, essential for the growth of M. tuberculosis. METHODS: Molecular docking experiments were performed using AutoDock Vina. The crystal structures of InhA, MabA and PanK were retrieved from the RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB). Isonicotinic-acyl-NADH for InhA and MabA, and triazole inhibitory compound for PanK, were used as references. RESULTS: Pteleoellagic acid showed a high docking score, estimated binding free energy of -9.4 kcal/mol, for the MabA enzyme comparable to the reference compound isonicotinic-acyl-NADH. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge on the molecular interactions of ellagic acid derivatives with essential M. tuberculosis targets could prove a useful tool for the design and development of future anti-TB drugs.