Scrotal Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans in a Patient with Schizophrenia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare spindle cell soft tissue sarcoma of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. We present the fourth case of scrotal DFSP in the literature, identified in a 32-year-old male with schizophrenia. Wide surgical excision and radical orchiectomy were performed revealing an uninvolved testicle and DFSP of the scrotum. A unique challenge to this case was concurrent aortic dissection and schizophrenia. Social determinants of health are associated with delay in presentation and poor appointment compliance in patients with schizophrenia. Ultimately, DFSP of the scrotum is an extremely rare condition with this presentation being only the fourth report in the literature. It is important to document these unique cases to establish differential diagnoses and optimize management.

Surgical management of acquired buried penis and scrotal lymphedema: A retrospective review.

Acquired buried penis is a condition that can have detrimental physical and psychological consequences for patients. Factors such as elevated BMI, chronic scrotal lymphedema, hidradenitis suppurativa, and chronic inflammation can lead to the condition. Surgical intervention is the treatment of choice for advanced disease. Following IRB approval, a retrospective chart review was performed for patients with a diagnosis of acquired buried penis who required surgical intervention. Details of patient history, surgical management including intraoperative and post-operative photography, and complications were reviewed. Seven patient cases were reviewed. The average age at time of surgery was 44 with a mean weight of 344 pounds and an average BMI of 48. Severe scrotal lymphedema and hidradenitis were common concurrent comorbidities. Concurrent scrotoplasty and infraumbilical panniculectomy were standard parts of the operations. Native glans skin was salvageable in all but one case. Penile shaft skin was reconstructed with skin grafts or adjacent tissue transfer. 88% of the cases had some element of wound dehiscence post-operatively. Surgical management of an acquired buried penis can be challenging. The patient demographic with the disease is frequently complicated by morbid obesity, concurrent lymphedema, or hidradenitis. Post-operative complications are expected. The surgical techniques presented can aid in simplifying the management of this challenging surgical population.

'Hanger­shaped' scrotectomy: A novel technique for the management of penoscrotal lymphedema: A case report.

Massive scrotal elephantiasis is a rare disease that usually requires a surgical approach. Lymphedema of the genitalia can have a different presentation that requires different treatment. The present study describes the case of a 43-year-old Caucasian male patient by scrotal elephantiasis of unknown causes with a buried penis. A novel surgical technique was applied for the treatment of massive scrotal elephantiasis and the authors present this single-center experience. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the integrity of the corpora cavernosa, the spermatic cords, as well as the testes. The patient underwent a scrotectomy using a 'hanger-shaped incision' followed by scrotal reconstruction to obtain an adequate cosmetic outcome. The surgical approach to this uncommon disease is referred to as a 'hanger-shaped incision'. As demonstrated herein, this novel technique permits the formation of a trapezoidal cavity that allows the reconstruction of a neo-scrotum, a neo-septum and partially restoring the natural appearance of the genitalia.

A novel 'Batman' scrotectomy technique for the management of scrotal lymphoedema following treatment for penile cancer.

BACKGROUND: To describe a novel 'Batman' scrotectomy technique and present our single centre experience in the management of secondary scrotal lymphoedema in penile cancer patients. METHODS: A retrospective review of the medical records of penile cancer patients with extensive and bothersome penoscrotal lymphoedema failing conservative therapy between 2013 and 2018. We analysed patients' demographics, pre-operative disease stage, post-operative outcomes and complications. RESULTS: Seven patients with a history of penile cancer and problematic scrotal lymphoedema were managed using a novel 'Batman' scrotectomy technique. The mean age was 56.4 (range, 28-71) years. The mean inpatient stay was 4.1 (range, 2-7) days. Two patients (28.6%) were found to have incidental metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the scrotal skin on histological analysis. One patient developed superficial wound dehiscence (Clavien-Dindo grade II) and two patients had mild post-operative residual penile lymphoedema. Following a mean follow-up period of 19 months, 2 patients died due to metastatic penile cancer. One patient developed skin metastases in his thigh and perineum. All of the patients reported a good cosmetic and functional outcome on post-operative review. CONCLUSIONS: Genital lymphoedema is an uncommon side-effect of penile cancer treatment. In severe cases where patients fail conservative treatments, surgical intervention using this technique is effective and feasible.

SCROTAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND ASSOCIATED BLINDNESS: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW.

BACKGROUND: Carcinoma of the scrotum is a rare disease which has been linked with occupational exposure to certain industrial carcinogens. Scanty reports of scrotal carcinoma exist in literature but in very few places worldwide. To our knowledge, there has been one documented report of scrotal carcinoma in our country and this is the first report of scrotal carcinoma in over 45years existence of our tertiary Health institution. We present the clinical evaluation, investigations and surgical intervention of a blind elderly welder with squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. CASE PRESENTATION AND MANAGEMENT: A 65 year-old blind welder presented to us with a painless fungating scrotal mass of two years' duration. He had prior incision and drainage of the swelling in a primary health centre but this failed to heal, with copious purulent discharge. The mass measured 20cm x 15cm x 8cm and was inseparable from the right testis and cord structures, with infiltration of the root of the penis. The inguinal lymph nodes were not enlarged. CT scan confirmed localized scrotal tumour and biopsy confirmed squamous cell carcinoma.He subsequently had wide local excision of the scrotal tumour (with at least 2cm free margins), right total orchidectomy and advancement flap closure of scrotal defect. Histopathological reports corroborated the earlier findings and confirmed tumour free margins. He has remained well 18 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum, though rare, is the commonest malignancy affecting the scrotum worldwide. Surgery still remains the mainstay of treatment and early intervention improves the chances of a favourable outcome.

Linfedema escrotal gigante en un paciente con falectomía parcial / Giant scrotal lymphedema in a patient with partial falectomy

Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente que, 7 años después de habérsele realizado una falectomía parcial con linfadenectomía inguinal superficial y quimioterapia (cisplatino 150) por un carcinoma epidermoide del pene, acudió al Servicio de Urología del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso en Santiago de Cuba por presentar un linfedema gigantesco de escroto, de origen obstructivo linfático, con marcada repercusión sobre la posición bípeda y la marcha. Se realizó el procedimiento quirúrgico (técnica de Homans con modificaciones) y el paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Luego de 2 años de operado, se le dio el alta de la consulta externa, pues se consideró que había recuperado la capacidad físico-motora y su autoestima.

The case report of a patient is described who, 7 years after carrying out a partial falectomy with inguinal superficial lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy (cisplatin 150) due to an squamous cell carcinoma of the penis, he went to the Urology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba presenting a giant scrotal lymphedema, of lymphatic obstructive origin, with marked repercussion on the biped position and during walking. The surgical procedure (Homans technique with modifications) was carried out and the patient had a satisfactory clinical course. Then after 2 years of surgery, he was discharged from the out-patient service, because it was considered that he had recovered the physical motor skills and his self-esteem.