Maternal and perinatal complications in pregnant women with urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli.

AIM: The incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in pregnant women may vary from 5-10% and depends on parity, race, socioeconomic status and anatomical and functional changes in pregnancy. In Mexico, preterm birth accounts for 75% of perinatal deaths and 50% of the neurological sequelae attributable directly to prematurity. The objective of the present study is to describe maternal and perinatal complications in pregnant women with UTI caused by Escherichia coli and to find out the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. METHODS: A descriptive and longitudinal study of pregnant women admitted to the Women's Hospital in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, was carried out from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients with E. coli infection were included, and infections caused by other microorganisms were excluded. The sociodemographic variables, causes of hospitalization and the type of maternal and perinatal complications were determined. RESULTS: The causes of admission to the hospital were threatened preterm labor, and fever and threatened abortion. Of 38 patients with threatened preterm labor, 33 went on to delivery, four were preterm births and two were neonatal deaths. E. coli was sensitive to over 90% of piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, nitrofurantoin and carbapenems. CONCLUSION: According to this study in a Mexican population, the number one admission diagnosis in women with UTI due to E. coli was threatened preterm labor, and fever and threatened abortion. E. coli was sensitive to more than 90% of piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, nitrofurantoin and carbapenems.

Maternal Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate in Mexico: A Case-Control Study.

INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip and palate, the most common developmental deformity, is seen worldwide and the etiology involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the maternal risk factors associated with the development of cleft lip and cleft palate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a case control study at the Women's Hospital in Culiacan, Mexico. Medical records were analyzed, including patients who delivered babies with and without cleft lip and cleft palate from January 2010 to December 2015. Multiple variables were analyzed, including gestational age, weight at birth, the use of folic acid and multivitamins during pregnancy, smoking, alcohol abuse, the use of recreational drugs, history of sexually transmitted infections, marital status, socioeconomic status, education, and nutritional status. RESULTS: We found that the maternal risk factors with the strongest association for the development of cleft lip and cleft palate were the following: patients who were not taking folic acid during pregnancy [OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.32-8.09], P=0.00; patients who were not taking vitamin supplementation during pregnancy [OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.19-7.27], P=0.02; smoking during pregnancy [OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.23-3.41], P=0.01; and alcohol abuse during pregnancy [OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.17-3.08], P=0.03. CONCLUSIONS: The main risk factors associated with the development of cleft lip and cleft palate in a Mexican population at the Women's hospital in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico were smoking, alcohol abuse, and patients not taking folic acid and multivitamins during pregnancy.