Student nurses' knowledge levels and attitudes regarding pressure injury prevention.

OBJECTIVE: The research was conducted to examine the relationship between student nurses' knowledge levels and attitudes regarding pressure ulcer prevention. METHOD: The research was registered between 01.05.2022 and 01.12.2022, and the certification studies of the health sciences faculty of a state and a foundation university in Turkey are carried out on a multi-center basis. The lists of the research were created by 426 student pictures. "Nurse Introduction Form", "Pressure Sore Prevention Information Survey" and "Attitude Scale towards Preventing Pressure Ulcers" were used as data collection tools. Data was collected online via Google Forms and the SPPS 24.0 program was evaluated in detail. RESULTS: It was determined that the PIPK total score of Student Certificates was 18.29 ± 5.98, and the total score of APUP was 33.96 + 4.66. The change analysis results revealed positive aspects and a low-level significant relationship between the average nutrition total knowledge scores and the pressure prevention attitude total scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In our study results, it was determined that the pressure values of the certificates and the knowledge scores of the students were insufficient and the attitudes were positive. The values of knowledge and attitudes regarding the nurturing of the values of certificates, starting from student life, states where the necessary knowledge and skills must be acquired in educational programs.

A Phenomenological Analysis of Experiences and Practices of Nurses Providing Palliative and End of Life Care.

The aim of this study was to describe the experiences and practices of nurses providing palliative and end of life care. The study was conducted in the palliative care unit of a territory hospital in Turkey. The sample consisted of 11 nurses who had been working as palliative care nurses for at least one year. The face to face interview method was used to collect data, with a semi-structured in-depth individual interview. 5 main themes and 24 sub-themes were emerged in relation to the experiences and practices of the nurses. The majority of participant nurses pointed that inadequacy in the number of nurses, secondary nursing care activities, refusal of treatment, cultural and ethical problems were barriers in the provision of nursing care. They frequently experienced ethical issues when caring for end of life patients, and for this reason they felt the need for ethics counselling which they could consult.

Turkish critical care nurses' views on end-of-life decision making and practices.

BACKGROUND: Life-sustaining treatments are increasingly used in intensive care units (ICUs) for EOL care, but the decision to use these may cause ethical issues. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the views and practices of critical care nurses in Turkey on the end-of-life (EOL) care. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS: The research was conducted in 32 second- and third-level ICUs of 19 Ministry of Health research hospitals in Turkey. The Views of European Nurses in Intensive Care on EOL Care tool was used for data collection. RESULTS: The total sample size was 602. While half of the nurses stated that the withholding and withdrawal of life support were ethically different decisions, 40% felt both decisions were unethical. The expected quality of life as viewed by the patient, the medical team, the family and the nursing team (90·4%, 85·4%, and 83·4%, respectively) was an important factor in EOL decision making. The majority of the nurses (75·7%) were not directly involved in the EOL decision making and 78·4% of nurses were committed to family involvement in EOL decisions. When withdrawing treatment, 87·2% of ICU nurses agreed that the patient and family members should perform their final religious and spiritual duties. Further results showed that after withdrawing treatment, a majority of nurses (86%) agreed to continue pressure sore prevention, effective pain relief (85·5%), nutritional support (77·6%) and hydration (64·8%). Almost half (48·2%) indicated that keeping the patients in the ICU was unnecessary. CONCLUSION: ICU nurses expressed a range of experiences and practices regarding EOL care. ICU nurses should be more involved in the decision-making process about EOL care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Due to their unique relationship with patients, nurses should be involved in EOL care decision making; however, patients, families or nurses are not often involved in the decision-making process in Turkey.

Developing an ethical attitude scale for pain management in nursing.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to develop the 'Developing an Ethical Attitude Scale for Pain Management in Nursing' to assign the ethical attitudes of nurses in pain management. METHODS: The population of the study comprised nurses (n=411) working in a university hospital in Izmir. The Ethical Attitude Scale in Nursing Pain Management was developed in five sub-dimensions: 'Care and Dignity,' 'Ethical Values,' 'Attitude,' 'Rights,' and 'Pain Management.' This scale was created by examining many research studies related to pain management in nursing in the literature and taking expert opinions. 'The Ethical Attitude Scale in Nursing Pain Management' initially consisted of 36 items. After expert opinions and validity analyses, the draft scale was reduced to 34 items, and then reliability analysis further reduced the scale to 23 items. RESULTS: In the validity and reliability study of 'The Ethical Attitude Scale in Nursing Pain Management,' the total Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.86. The Cronbach's alpha value for the 'Care and Dignity' sub-dimension was 0.88; for the 'Ethical Values' sub-dimension, it was 0.83; for the 'Attitude' sub-dimension, it was 0.86; for the 'Rights' sub-dimension, it was 0.79; and for the 'Pain Management' sub-dimension, it was 0.72. CONCLUSION: According to these data, it was determined that 'The Ethical Attitude Scale in Nursing Pain Management' is a valid and reliable scale.

Investigation of symptom management and functional state of women who underwent breast cancer surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the symptom management and the functional status of women who underwent surgery for breast cancer. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a university hospital surgical oncology clinic. This study was conducted on 80 patients who had undergone breast cancer surgery in the last 5 years in a surgical oncology clinic of a university hospital. Study data were collected using the patient identification form, Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer, and Functional Living Index-Cancer. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program. RESULTS: The mean total score of Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer was found to be 157.28±36.86, and the mean total score of the Functional Living Index-Cancer was found to be 103.79±18.77. When the correlation between the Functional Living Index-Cancer and Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer scales used in the study was examined, it was determined that there was a positive statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) between the subscale and scale total scores. CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, it was determined that the self-efficacy and functional status of the patients were poor. Their functional status was also determined to be improved as the symptom self-efficacy levels increased.

The Effect of Art Therapy on Pain, Emesis, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Operated Breast Cancer Patients: Randomized Control Trials.

Background: Breast cancer symptoms related to the disease nature and treatments develop and the quality of life of patients is impacted. Art therapy improves the quality of life by increasing symptom control and treatment compliance. This study aimed to determine the effect of art therapy on pain, emesis, anxiety, and quality of life in operated breast cancer patients. Methods: This experimental research was carried out with a total of 60 patients, 30 in the intervention group (IG) and 30 in the control group (CG), who received treatment in the Oncology Center of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Practice and Research Hospital. A Personal Information Form, the Pain Intensity-Visual Analog Scale, the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale-General (FACT-G) were used to collect research data. Within the scope of the research, IG received chemotherapy sessions for 10 weeks (five sessions) with 2-week intervals by an art specialist in marbling, accompanied by ney music. CG received no intervention. The obtained data were uploaded to the SPSS (22.0) program and statistical analysis was performed. Results: The decrease in the pain, nausea-vomiting, and anxiety levels of the patients in IG and the increase in their quality of life after the art therapy accompanied by ney music were statistically significant compared with the first follow-up (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant change in the quality of life of the patients in the CG, whereas their pain, nausea-vomiting, and anxiety scores increased. According to the comparison between IG and CG, there was a significant difference in favor of IG in terms of pain severity, quality of life, emesis, and anxiety levels (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The art of marbling with ney was effective in operated breast cancer patients experiencing pain, emesis, and anxiety and improved their quality of life. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05666583.

The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire for Children-Short Form (FOPQC-SF) in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire for Children-Short Form (FOPQC-SF) in children/adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: To evaluate validity of FOPQC-SF, 70 children/adolescents with JIA were included. Data were collected using Pediatric Quality Of Life Inventory 3.0. Module Arthritis (PedsQL), Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS).To determine the reliability of the FOPQC-SF, test-retest was performed at one-week intervals on participants who had not made any changes to their pharmacological treatment and had not received any additional treatment. RESULTS: With factor restrictions, items of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF were found acceptable for a 2-factor structure (fear:4 items; avoidance:6 items)(RMSEA = 0.058, GFI = 0.890, X2 = 40.667 X2/df = 1.196). With no restrictions, items of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF were found to be excellent for a 3-factor structure (fear:3 items; avoidance:4 items; other:3 items) (RMSEA = 0.036, GFI = 0.909, X2 = 34.465, X2/df = 1.077).The Cronbach's alpha value of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF total was 0.865 (good). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) was 0.865 (very high). Fear and avoidance subscales and total score of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF had low to moderate correlation with CHAQ-disability index, CHAQ-pain, CHAQ-global evaluation, JADAS, PedsQL-child total, PedsQL-parent total (r:-0.283/-0.452)(p < 0.05). Other subscale of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF had low to moderate correlation with CHAQ-disability index, CHAQ-pain, PedsQL-parent total (r:0.286/0.318) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of FOPQC-SF was found to be clinically valid and reliable in children and adolescents with JIA.

Efficacy of adding pain neuroscience education to a multimodal treatment in fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether adding pain neuroscience education (PNE) to a multimodal approach has additional benefits in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). The methodology of this study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The methods and strategies applied in the study were registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021272246). A systematic search with related search terms in the PubMed, Ebsco (Academic Search Ultimate), Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Medline (Ebsco), Cinahl (Ebsco), Scopus and Web of Science was conducted up to June 2021. Statistical analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software Version 3 (CMA V3, Biostat Inc) comparing before and after values of mean ± standard deviation (SD) data in both groups. The primary outcome of interest was severity of FM (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire), whereas secondary outcomes were pain intensity (visual analog scale, numeric pain rating scale), catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]) and anxiety (HADS). The initial search strategy based on the range and language yielded 274 relevant studies and 4 of these studies met the final eligibility criteria for this study. A total of 612 patients were enrolled in the included studies. The meta-analysis showed that PNE groups were statistically more effective than the interventions applied in the control groups on severity of FM (standard mean difference [SMD] = -1.051; 95% CI = -1.309, -0.793; P < .000), pain intensity (SMD = -1.049; 95% CI = -1.400, -0.698; P < .000), catastrophizing (SMD = -0.893; 95% CI = -1.437, -0.348; P = .001), depression (SMD = -0.686; 95% CI = -0.849, -0.523; P < .000) and anxiety (SMD = -0.711; 95% CI = -0.869, -0.552; P < .000). This review demonstrates that adding PNE to a multimodal treatment including exercise therapy might be an effective approach for improving functional status, pain-related symptoms, anxiety and depression for patients with FM. There is a need for further studies, especially on the optimum duration and dosage of PNE sessions in FM.

Pain acceptance levels of patients with chronic pain.

This study was conducted with the aim of determining pain acceptance levels in patients with chronic pain attending an algology outpatients' department.The research was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The population of the study consisted of 97 patients with chronic pain who attended the Algology Outpatients' Department of the Health Implementation and Research Center of Bursa Uludag University. A Patient Description Form and a Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) were used to collect research data.The participants' mean sub-score for accomplishing activities by patients with chronic pain was found to be 31.10 ±â€Š11.84, their mean sub-score for pain willingness was 36.65 ±â€Š10.37, and their mean score for the total scale was 67.76 ±â€Š18.30. A statistically significant difference was found between the participants' total score means and their sub-score means according to their education level and frequency of experiencing pain (P < .05), but no statistically significant difference was found according to such factors as age, profession, marital status, or medications used (P > .05).It was found that female sex was generally exposed to chronic pain, and factors such as age, marital status, and drug treatment did not differ in the rate of acceptance of chronic pain, and the rate of acceptance of pain in workers was higher, those with lower education level were lower. There is a need that new studies with larger sample groups regarding the factors affecting the acceptance of chronic pain.

Crystal structure of 6,6,12,12-tetra-chloro-tri-cyclo-[8.2.0.0(4,7)]dodecane-5,11-dione.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H12Cl4O2, contains two crystallographically independent mol-ecules with almost identical conformations (r.m.s. overlay fit for the non-hydrogen atoms = 0.059 Å). In each mol-ecule, the central eight-membered ring has a distorted boat configuration, and two non-planar four-membered rings are fused on either side of the eight-membered ring. A weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bond links the two independent mol-ecules. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a two-dimensional network parallel to (001).