RESUMO
Contemporary data on the availability, cost and affordability of essential medicines for chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are missing, despite most people with CRDs living in LMICs. Cross-sectional data for seven CRD medicines in pharmacies, healthcare facilities and central medicine stores were collected from 60 LMICs in 2022-2023. Medicines for symptomatic relief were widely available and affordable, while preventative treatments varied widely in cost, were less available and largely unaffordable. There is an urgent need to address these issues if the Sustainable Development Goal 3 is to be achieved for people with asthma by 2030.
Assuntos
Países em Desenvolvimento , Medicamentos Essenciais , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Medicamentos Essenciais/economia , Medicamentos Essenciais/provisão & distribuição , Medicamentos Essenciais/uso terapêutico , Doença Crônica , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Custos de Medicamentos , Doenças Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Respiratórias/economiaRESUMO
A 30-year-old female with no significant past medical history was referred to our facility with sudden onset of shortness of breath. She had a low clinical probability for pulmonary thromboembolism and a computed tomography angiogram showed enlarged pulmonary arteries but no in situ thrombi. She developed recurrent episodes of hypotension and hypoxia, and was transferred to the intensive care unit where she died despite active resuscitation. An autopsy revealed extensive lymphatic and pulmonary vascular tumour emboli as the immediate cause of death. Pulmonary tumour embolism is a very rare cause of death, but can occur in patients who have an occult neoplasm.