Profile of Facial Trauma Victims of Motorcycle Accidents: A Prospective Study.

OBJECTIVE: To outline the profile of patients with facial trauma, victims of motorcycle accidents, treated at the Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil, from December 2020 to July 2021. METHODS: The collection was carried out through questionnaire and analysis of medical records. Data were analyzed descriptively, as well as Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Among the patients, 88.6% were male, 47.5% were between 18 and 29 years old, and 59.6% lived in rural areas; 72.15% of the victims used the motorcycle for work and 43.52% were working at the time of the accident. Most victims did not have a national motorcycle license (62%) and were not wearing a helmet at the time of the accident (60%), with 37.6% wearing a full-face helmet, 16.5% an open helmet, and 5.9% an articulated full-face helmet. Soft tissue injuries were the most prevalent. Zygomatic complex fractures were the most common facial fractures and were significantly associated with helmet use and type. CONCLUSIONS: Most victims of motorcycle accidents are young adult men, without a regular driver's license and residing in rural areas. Preventive and educational actions and continuous traffic inspections are necessary to minimize these accidents.

Pattern of Maxillofacial Trauma and Associated Factors in Traffic Accident Victims.

INTRODUCTION: Maxillofacial trauma (MFT) due to road traffic accidents are responsible for part of care provided at trauma centers. PURPOSE: This research aimed to analyze the pattern of MFTs and associated factors in victims of road traffic accidents. METHODS: A total of 873 medical records of patients with MFTs in 2 reference hospitals for trauma in Northeastern Brazil during the period from January 2011 to December 2018 were analyzed. Data were included in the Tweedie multiple regression analysis to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR), with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) and P < 0.05. RESULTS: Motorcycle accidents were the most prevalent (76.4%). Higher hospital costs were the result of patients victims of motorcycle accidents (PR = 1.56; 95%CI = 1.29-1.88; P < 0.001), diagnosed with mandible fracture (PR = 1.41; 95%CI = 1.07-1.86; P = 0.001) who had consumed alcoholic beverages (PR = 1.12; 95%CI = 1.00-1.25; P = 0.04) and did not use personal protective equipment (PPE) (PR = 1.29; 95%CI = 1.10-1.50; P = 0.001). Patients victims of motorcycle accidents remained in hospital longer than other etiologies (PR = 1.47; 95%CI = 1.23-1.76; P < 0.001). The consumption of alcoholic beverages resulted in more severe MFTs (PR = 2.05; 95%CI = 1.34-3.14; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Victims of motorcycle accidents remained hospitalized longer and resulted in higher hospital costs compared to other etiologies. Alcohol consumption increases hospital costs and the severity of MFTs. Higher hospital costs were also observed in patients who did not use PPE. Strategies need to be adopted to understand associated factors in MFTs such as the reallocation of resources to fund, implement and improve services and the surveillance in roads and highways, as well as prevention programs aimed at this health problem.

Recurrence of central odontogenic fibroma: a rare case.

Central odontogenic fibroma (COF) is a rare, benign, painless, slow-growing tumor associated with expansion of the bone cortex. Histologically, it consists of fibrous connective tissue that contains multiple islands of odontogenic epithelium. Some lesions have diffuse spherical calcifications that usually are related to islands or cords of epithelium. The majority of cases respond well to conservative treatment such as enucleation and the prognosis is favorable; recurrences are rare. This article presents a rare case of COF that was located in the anterior region of the maxilla and treated with enucleation; the case recurred five years following the initial treatment.

The use of carrageenan for limiting the mandibular movement in rats: a preliminary experimental study.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate if the carrageenan may be used for limiting the mandibular movement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen adult male Wistar rats were used for the research, 20 microl of carrageenan (4%) was infiltrated in the extra articular region, in front of the condyle to induce fibrosis. The rats were divided into groups according to the time of euthanasia (7, 15 and 30 days). Maximal mouth opening (MMO), mandibular deviation, initial and final weights were recorded and evaluated. After the euthanasia, the specimens were submitted to histological study in order to classify the inflammatory process using scores. RESULTS: The mean differences between initial and final MMO were 1.50 mm, being greatest at the 7 days evaluation and lowest at 30 days, and were not statistically significant at any time. No mandibular deviation was observed at any of the times of evaluation. The histological scores tended to increase with time of evaluation from 7 to 30 days, but without progression of the process. CONCLUSION: The study model permitted the development of fibrosis in the extra-articular region in the majority of the animals.

Detection of mast cells in ameloblastomas and odontogenic keratocysts.

BACKGROUND: MCs (MCs) have been ascribed to mediating several diseases, including malignant neoplasms. These cells can play a role in angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and immune modulation and favor neoplasm progression. Despite the studies analyzing the contribution of MCs in odontogenic lesions, its biological behavior in ameloblastomas (AMBs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) remains unclear. This study aims to detect MCs in OKCs and AMBs and clarify the role of MCs in these lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 odontogenic lesions were analyzed. This included 20 OKCs and 20 AMBs, 10 being the solid type and the other 10 being the unicystic type of AMB. All cases were histologically reviewed in hematoxylin-eosin. Clinical data, such as age, gender, location, size, radiographic presentation and, histologic patterns were collected from the clinical charts. The Mann-Whitney U test (MWU) was used verify the hypothesis, through inferential statistics. The level of significance used in the statistical test was 0.5%. RESULTS: MCs were observed in 60% of OKCs, and 35% of AMBs. The ratio of MCs observed in OKCs was 0.37, 0.48 in solid AMBs and 0.01 in unicystic AMBs. There was no significant difference between number of MCs in AMBs and OKCs, however, a significant difference was observed between solid and unicystic AMBs (p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: MCs may play an important role in the biological behavior of AMBs and OKCs. However, in this study it was not possible to confirm the contribution of MCs in the biological behavior of these lesions and more studies are needed to clarify this relation. Key words:AMB, OKC, MCs, histochemistry, toluidine blue.

Prevalence of Dental Trauma in 1485 Brazilian Adolescents Aged Between 15 and 19 Years Old and Associated Factors.

PURPOSE: Investigate dental trauma among adolescents aged 15-19 years and associated factors. METHODS: The study was conducted in Recife, Brazil and the sample comprised 1485 adolescents of both sexes. The data was collected by clinical examination and interviews were conducted in-between classes by a single trained assessor. Two questionnaires (AUDIT and ASSIT 2.0) were used to investigate the involvement of adolescents with alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. The classification proposed by Andreasen was used to identify dental injuries. The sample size was calculated using 95% interval level. Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to confirm the association between the variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental injuries was 17.8%. The main causes of trauma were playing with others (20.8%) and falls (25.4%). A statistically significant percentage of adolescents reported using illicit drugs (13.9%), 15.9% used tobacco and 56.8% used alcoholic beverages. However, no statistically significant difference between the consumption of this drugs and dental injuries (p >0.005) was found. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dental trauma in adolescents was high, with no association with drugs use.

Demographic and Clinicopathologic Features of Actinic Cheilitis and Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Brazilian Multicentre Study.

Data on the occurrence and clinicopathological characteristics of actinic cheilitis (AC) and lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) are well studied; however, they are based on studies limited to a single centre. Herein, we described the frequency of AC and LSCC submitted to microscopic examination from representative geographic regions of Brazil. A retrospective multicentre study was performed on biopsies obtained from 1953 to 2018 at 10 Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology centres. A total of 198,709 biopsy specimens were surveyed. Sociodemographic data and clinicopathologic characteristics were analysed. A total of 2017 cases of ACs (1.0%) and 850 cases of LSCCs (0.4%) were recorded. A strong fair-skinned (> 87%) male (> 70%) predilection was observed in both conditions. The mean age was 54.8 ± 18.7 for individuals with AC and 57.8 ± 19.0 for individuals with LSCC. The most commonly affected site was the lower lip (> 90%). This is a large multicentre study of AC and LSCC from Brazil. The frequency and clinicopathological features of AC and LSCC were similar to those described worldwide. This study provides robust and representative epidemiological data of these conditions for the scientific community.

Demineralized bone matrix and calcium-phosphate cement in bone regeneration in rats.

PURPOSE: To compare bone regeneration in critical-sized defects in rat calvarium using demineralized bone matrix and calcium phosphate cement. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each. Two defects of 5-mm were made in the parietal bones of each animal. Group I had calcium phosphate cement placed in the experimental defect, Group II had filled with demineralized bone matrix and Group III had with the combination of the matrix and cement in equal parts. All animals had one defect left unfilled to serve as controls. Five animals in each group were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was used to quantify the amount of new bone within the defects. RESULTS: The results showed that demineralized bone matrix-treated defects had significantly more new bone at 4 weeks compared to calcium phosphate cement-treated defects (p=0.03) and also had significantly more new bone at 8 weeks compared to unfilled defects (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The demineralized bone matrix was superior to calcium phosphate cement in bone regeneration. It seems that calcium phosphate cement acted by inhibiting the osteogenesis when associated with a demineralized bone matrix and this combination should not be recommended.

Nitrous oxide or midazolam to tooth extraction? a systematic review / Óxido nitroso ou midazolam para extracção dentária? uma revisão sistemática / ¿Óxido nitroso o midazolam para la extracción dental? una revisión sistemática

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the use of midazolam and nitrous oxide in conscious sedation for dental extraction procedures. Methods: A search was conducted in electronic searches Medline/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, grey literature, and the main scientific journals in the area, following PRISMA. Booleans operators were used for the combinations of terms and the search strategy was adapted to each of the databases, ("tooth extraction" OR "molar, third" OR "tooth, impacted" OR "surgery, oral" OR "exodontics" OR "wisdom tooth" AND "nitrous oxide" OR "anesthetics, inhalation" OR "conscious sedation" OR "laughing gas" OR "moderate sedation" AND "midazolam" OR "benzodiazepines" OR "hypnotics and sedatives" OR "sedative effect"). Study Selection and Data Extraction: The inclusion criteria were parallel and crossover RCTs involving patients of any age submitted to tooth extraction at a dental office under local anesthesia. No language restrictions have been imposed until 2023. The exclusion criteria were studies involving patients submitted to extraction in the hospital setting, studies that did not measure anxiety or sedation and studies for which the full text was not available. Results: Where within the eight articles that met the eligibility criteria, no significant differences were found between the methods, in relation to sedation or anxiety. Conclusion: In conclusion, nitrous oxide and midazolam safely ensure good levels of sedation and anxiety control, being pharmacological approaches possible to be used in dental care, even in those more invasive such as, tooth extraction.

Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática visava avaliar a utilização de midazolam e óxido nitroso na sedação consciente para procedimentos de extração dentária. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas pesquisas electrónicas Medline/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, literatura cinzenta, e nas principais revistas científicas da área, seguindo o PRISMA. Foram utilizados operadores booleanos para as combinações de termos e a estratégia de pesquisa foi adaptada a cada uma das bases de dados, ("extração dentária" OU "molar, terceiro" OU "dente, impactado" OU "cirurgia, oral" OU "exodontia" OU "dente do siso" OU "óxido nitroso" OU "anestésico, inalação" OU "sedação consciente" OU "gás do riso" OU "sedação moderada" OU "midazolam" OU "benzodiazepinas" OU "hipnóticos e sedativos" OU "efeito sedativo"). Seleção do estudo e extração de dados: Os critérios de inclusão foram RCTs paralelos e cruzados envolvendo pacientes de qualquer idade submetidos a extração dentária num consultório dentário sob anestesia local. Não foram impostas restrições linguísticas até 2023. Os critérios de exclusão eram estudos que envolviam pacientes submetidos a extração no ambiente hospitalar, estudos que não mediam ansiedade ou sedação e estudos para os quais o texto completo não estava disponível. Resultados: Nos oito artigos que preenchiam os critérios de elegibilidade, não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os métodos, em relação à sedação ou ansiedade. Conclusão: Em conclusão, o óxido nitroso e o midazolam garantem, com segurança, bons níveis de sedação e controle de ansiedade, sendo abordagens farmacológicas possíveis de serem usadas nos cuidados odontológicos, mesmo naqueles mais invasivos como, a extração dentária.

Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática pretendía evaluar el uso de midazolam y óxido nitroso en la sedación consciente para procedimientos de extracción dental. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos electrónicas Medline/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, literatura gris y en las principales revistas científicas del área, siguiendo PRISMA. Se utilizaron operadores booleanos para las combinaciones de términos y se adaptó la estrategia de búsqueda a cada una de las bases de datos, ("tooth extraction" OR "molar, third" OR "tooth, impacted" OR "surgery, oral" OR "exodontia" OR "wisdom tooth" OR "nitrous oxide" OR "anaesthetic, inhalation" OR "conscious sedation" OR "laughing gas" OR "moderate sedation" OR "midazolam" OR "benzodiazepines" OR "hypnotics and sedatives" OR "sedative effect"). Selección de estudios y extracción de datos: Los criterios de inclusión fueron ECA paralelos y cruzados que incluyeran pacientes de cualquier edad sometidos a extracción dental en un consultorio dental bajo anestesia local. No se impusieron restricciones de idioma hasta 2023. Los criterios de exclusión fueron estudios que incluyeran pacientes sometidos a extracción en el ámbito hospitalario, estudios que no midieran la ansiedad o la sedación y estudios para los que no estuviera disponible el texto completo. Resultados: En los ocho artículos que cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los métodos con respecto a la sedación o la ansiedad. Conclusión: En conclusión, el óxido nitroso y el midazolam garantizan con seguridad buenos niveles de sedación y control de la ansiedad, siendo abordajes farmacológicos posibles de ser utilizados en la atención odontológica, incluso en aquellas más invasivas como, la extracción dentaria.

Correlational study of impacted and non-functional lower third molar position with occurrence of pathologies.

BACKGROUND: Lower third molar (M3) eruption is unpredictable. The purpose of this study was to correlate radiographic position of M3 on a preexistent film with the current clinical, histopathological, and radiographic findings. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed. The sample was collected from a database of patients covered by Medical Fund of Brazilian Army. Radiographs were obtained a minimum of 5 years prior to the presurgical visit and after their clinical exam. The primary outcome variables were the teeth positions using Pell and Gregory/Winter classifications on panoramic X-rays. Those variables were analyzed at both the beginning (T0) and end of the study (T1). Clinical assessments and histopathological study of the thirds that were extracted were performed only at T1. Correlation between the teeth positions were related to the clinical, histopathological, and radiographic parameters using statistical analysis tests with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients with 49 M3 were assessed over 10 months. Mean age was 14.92 years at T0 and 21.87 years at T1. The average time between T0 and T1 was 6.77 years. A significant relationship (p = 0.024) was found between the presences of root resorption on the second molar if M3 presented in an IB horizontal position at T1. There was also a significant correlation (p = 0.039) between dental crowding of the anterior lower teeth with IIIB position at T0 and if the patient finished orthodontic treatment without lingual retainers. CONCLUSIONS: Lower M3 in position IIIB seen in a teenager and IB seen in an adult is more likely to have negative consequences and should be followed closely.

The biopolymer sugarcane as filling material of critical defects in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of particulate (granule-shaped) SCB on bone repair relating it to its biocompatibility and bone neoformation. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were submitted to a one 7-mm-diameter defect and divided equally into three experimental groups, with two different postoperative times of evaluation, 90 and 120 days. Each calvaria defect was filled up with clot (control group), particulated autogenous bone or granulated SCB. Five animals of each group were assessed at 90 and 120 days after surgery. In these two periods, histological and histometric analysis were obtained. RESULTS: The clot group showed a bone resorption trend while the autogenous bone group a bone repair trend. However in the SCB group, the critical defect filled up only with fibrous connective tissue and presented none bone neoformation. CONCLUSION: The sugarcane biopolymer when used in critical size defects was a biocompatible material and proved to be a good material to fill bone cavities, keeping them as uniform areas filled with soft tissue and avoiding the tissue shrinkage.

Escleroterapia de Hemangioma Intraoral guiada por ultrassonografia: caso clínico / Ultrasound-guided intraoral hemangioma sclerotherapy: a case report

O hemangioma é uma neoplasia benigna que se caracteriza pela proliferação anormal de vasos sanguíneos, comum na região de cabeça e pescoço, e é relativamente raro na cavidade oral; porém, quando essa região é acometida, comumente, atinge lábios, língua e mucosa jugal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso clínico de hemangioma em mucosa jugal direita, o qual foi tratado através de escleroterapia com Oleato de Etanolamina (Ethamolin®), e ultras sonografia para guiar as aplicações intralesionais. No momento, a paciente está com 2 anos de acompanhamento, o que possibilitou observar a fibrose da lesão. A escleroterapia com Ethamolin® guiada por ultrassom é um procedimento seguro que pode ser realizado em lesões mais profundas, minimizando a possibilidade de complicações e favorecendo a recuperação do paciente.

Hemangioma is a benign neoplasm characterized by an abnormal proliferation of blood vessels, common in the head and neck region. It is relatively rare in the oral cavity, but if this region is affected, it occurs more commonly in the lips, tongue, and oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to describe a clinical case of hemangioma in the right jugal mucosa, which was treated through sclerotherapy with Ethanolamine Oleate (Ethamolin®), and the use of ultrasonography to guide the intralesional applications. Now, the patient has a 2-year follow-up, which allowed the observation of the involution of the lesion. The ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy with Ethamolin® is a safe procedure that can be performed in deeper lesions, minimizing the possibility of complications, and favoring the patient's recovery.

Ameloblastoma in the Northeast region of Brazil: A review of 112 cases.

CONTEXT: Ameloblastomas are benign tumors of the jaws with locally invasive capacity. AIM: The aim of this study was to review 112 cases of ameloblastoma seen over an 18-year period (1992-2009) at the Pernambuco Dental School, University of Pernambuco and at Federal University of Sergipe, in the northeast region of Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: THE FOLLOWING DATA WERE SELECTED FOR ANALYSIS: age, gender, race, site distribution, radiographic appearance, association with an impacted tooth, size, presence of symptoms, clinicopathologic subtypes and recurrence. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: In this retrospective study, Pearson's χ(2) test and t-test were employed. The critical level of significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients at presentation was 35.1 ± 16.8 years with a slight female preference. The peak prevalence was in the 11- to 20-year age group and declined with increasing age. Total 75 patients were black and 37 were white, for a 2:1 black: white ratio. The location of the ameloblastomas showed a marked predominance in the mandible (84.8%) and 69% of the cases presented with a multilocular radiographic appearance. The tumor was associated with an embedded tooth in 14 cases (12.7%): nine unilocular and five multilocular ameloblastomas. The maximum radiological extension of the lesions on panoramic radiographs was 0.5-20 cm (mean ± SD: 5.2 ± 3.3 cm) and most cases were symptom-free (75.9%). Solid/multicystic ameloblastoma was the most common clinicopathologic subtype. There was an association between the clinicopathologic subtypes and radiographic appearance (P < 0.001). Recurrence was observed in 13.3% of cases. CONCLUSION: We propose that racial factors may have strong influence on the incidence of ameloblastomas in the northeast region of Brazil, since most people have African descent. Data related to gender, location, radiographic appearance, size, symptoms, clinicopathologic subtypes and recurrence were similar to previous studies conducted in various parts of the world.

Abordagem minimamente invasiva para tratamento de adenoma pleomórfico em palato: caso clínico / Minimally invasive approach for pleomorfic adenoma treatment in palate: clinical case

Introdução: O adenoma pleomórfico (AP) ou tumor misto benigno é a neoplasia de glândula salivar mais comum. A glândula parótida geralmente é a mais acometida com 80% dos casos, e, quando surge em glândulas salivares menores, o palato é a região mais afetada. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de AP em palato duro, tratado de forma conservadora. Relato de caso: Paciente 35 anos, gênero masculino, apresentando aumento de volume em palato, aos 6 meses de evolução, foi submetido à realização de procedimento cirúrgico, realizado sob anestesia local, para enucleação da lesão, seguido por curetagem de periósteo e com preservação de tecido mucoso sobrejacente. Considerações Finais: No momento, o paciente encontra-se com 1 ano de acompanhamento e não apresenta sinais de recidiva... (AU)

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) or benign mixed tumor is a more common salivary gland neoplasia. The parotid gland is usually the most affected with 80% of the cases and when they appear in smaller salivary glands, the palate is a region more affected. The objective of this study is to report a case of PA in the hard palate, treated conservatively. Case report: Patient 35 years old, male, presenting a palate volume increase with 6 months of evolution and submitted to surgical surgery performed under local anesthesia for enucleation of the process followed by periosteum cures and preservation of overlying mucosal tissue. Final considerations: At the moment, the patient is 1 year of follow-up and shows no signs of relapse... (AU)

Cistos e Tumores Odontogênicos em uma população brasileira: análise retrospectiva de 12 anos à luz da 4ª Edição da Classificação dos Tumores de Cabeça e Pescoço da OMS / Odontogenic cysts and tumors in a brazilian population: a 12-year retrospective analysis in light of the 4th Edition of the WHO Head and Neck Tumor Classification

Introdução: Tendo em vista a importância do campo da patologia oral e maxilofacial, faz-se necessário compreender o impacto da mais recente Classificação dos Tumores de Cabeça e Pescoço da OMS na frequência e distribuição dos cistos e tumores odontogênicos. Este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer a frequência de lesões odontogênicas ao longo de 12 anos, em um serviço de referência em Patologia Oral, no Nordeste brasileiro. Metodologia: Os casos diagnosticados como cisto (OC) ou tumor (OT) odontogênico de 1999 a 2010 foram revisados e reclassificados de acordo com a atual Classificação da OMS de Tumores de Cabeça e Pescoço. Foram analisados dados referentes ao diagnóstico histopatológico, à localização da lesão, à idade, ao sexo e à etnia. A análise dos dados bivariados foi realizada, calculando-se as razões de prevalência, o teste do qui-quadrado e o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: Entre 3.034 espécimes, 409 foram OC e 199 foram OT. Os Oc mais frequentes foram o cisto radicular (n = 129) e ceratocisto odontogênico (n = 99). Entre os OT, os mais frequentes foram ameloblastoma (n = 80) e odontoma (n = 47). Conclusões: Houve uma redução considerável na frequência relativa de OT após a reclassificação de lesões... (AU)

Introduction: Due to the importance of oral and maxillofacial pathology, it is necessary to understand the impact of the latest WHO Head and Neck Tumor Classification on the frequency and distribution of odontogenic cysts and tumors. This study aimed to establish the frequency of odontogenic injuries over 12 years in a reference service of Oral Pathology in the Northeast of Brazil. Methodology: All cases which received a diagnosis of odontogenic cyst (OC) or tumour (OT) from 1999 to 2010 were reviewed and reclassified according to the lastest WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumors. Data regarding the histopathological diagnosis, location of the lesion, age, gender and Ethnicity were analyzed. The bivariate data analysis was performed by calculating the prevalence ratios, as well as the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results: Among 3,034 specimens, 409 were OC and 199 were OT. The most frequent OC were the radicular cyst (n = 129) and odontogenic keratocyst (n = 99). Among the OT, the most frequents were ameloblastoma (n = 80) and odontoma (n = 47). Conclusions: There was a considerable reduction in relative frequency of OTs after the reclassification of important pathological entities... (AU)

Demineralized bone matrix and calcium-phosphate cement in bone regeneration in rats

Abstract Purpose: To compare bone regeneration in critical-sized defects in rat calvarium using demineralized bone matrix and calcium phosphate cement. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each. Two defects of 5-mm were made in the parietal bones of each animal. Group I had calcium phosphate cement placed in the experimental defect, Group II had filled with demineralized bone matrix and Group III had with the combination of the matrix and cement in equal parts. All animals had one defect left unfilled to serve as controls. Five animals in each group were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was used to quantify the amount of new bone within the defects. Results: The results showed that demineralized bone matrix-treated defects had significantly more new bone at 4 weeks compared to calcium phosphate cement-treated defects (p=0.03) and also had significantly more new bone at 8 weeks compared to unfilled defects (p=0.04). Conclusions: The demineralized bone matrix was superior to calcium phosphate cement in bone regeneration. It seems that calcium phosphate cement acted by inhibiting the osteogenesis when associated with a demineralized bone matrix and this combination should not be recommended.

Traumatic bone cyst of the mandible: a review of 26 cases.

UNLABELLED: The traumatic bone cyst is characterized by the presence of an asymptomatic sinus devoid of epithelial lining, which is rarely found in the jaws. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, surgical and radiographic findings of traumatic bone cysts. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study was made of patients diagnosed with traumatic bone cysts at an oral pathology department from 1992 to 2007. Data on the clinical, radiographic and surgical complications were gathered. RESULTS: Twenty-six cases of traumatic bone cyst were diagnosed in 15 years; 17 were male and 09 were female. Most patients were within first two decades of life and had no pain or history of trauma in the affected area. The multilocular pattern was observed in only seven cases, its radiographic appearance suggests a tumor. Air was found inside the lesion in about 70% of cases; serous fluid with blood and blood only were uncommon within the lesions. CONCLUSION: A higher prevalence in young patients, absence of a history of trauma, and a small number of lesions containing serous fluid with blood reflects the need to discuss the true pathogenesis of traumatic bone cysts.

Is a 5 mm rat calvarium defect really critical?

PURPOSE: To evaluate bone regeneration in critical defects in the rats' calvarium. METHODS: Eighteen rats Wistar were divided into three groups of six animals each according to the time of evaluation (15, 30 and 60 days). One calvarium defect of 5 mm was made in the parietal bone of each animal under general anesthesia. After the time of evaluation, the animals were killed, when the bone was histological studied and classified according to the type of tissue found: fibrosis or bone. RESULTS: The results showed that in the group of 15 days, in five animals there was only fibrosis. In the group of 30 days, the process of regeneration was growing and in four animals was found bone, in three with partial filling and in the other one with complete filling of the defect. In the group of 60 days, out of the three animals with bone, two had a complete filling of the defect. CONCLUSIONS: There was no bone regeneration in critical defects in 15 days. There was regeneration in the most part of the animals in 30 and 60 days.

Correlação clínica e histopatológica de cistos e granulomas periapicais / A Clinical and Histopathological Correlation of Periapical Cysts and Granulomas

Cistos e granulomas periapicais estão entre as lesões radiolúcidas mais prevalentes. Porém, há situações em que os padrões clínicos e radiográficos se misturam e, portanto, o estudo histopatológico faz-se necessário para o diagnóstico definitivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação clínica e histopatológica no diagnóstico de cistos e granulomas periapicais. Para isso, foram selecionadas amostras obtidas no Laboratório de Patologia Cirúrgica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco, FOP/UPE, no período de 11/2005 a 05/2008. Um total de 37 lesões, distribuídas entre cistos e granulomas periapicais, foram incluídas no estudo. Baseadas nos aspectos clínico-radiográfico e transoperatório, cirurgiões-dentistas forneceram hipóteses diagnósticas, as quais foram comparadas aos exames histopatológicos. Achados clínicos revelaram 28 casos (75,7%) de cistos, 4 casos (10,8%) de granulomas, 4 casos (10,8%) com características de ambas lesões, e 1 caso (2,7%) no qual o dentista não forneceu o diagnóstico. Entretanto, os achados histopatológicos revelaram 21 (56,8%) e 16 (43,2%) casos de cistos e granulomas, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram uma correlação de 45,9% entre os achados para os cistos e de 8,1% para os granulomas. Diante do exposto, a discrepância observada dos achados clínicos quando comparados aos histopatológicos deve ser discutida quanto aos critérios diagnósticos que vêm sendo utilizados atualmente... (AU)

Cysts and periapical granulomas are among the most prevalent radiolucent lesions. However, there are situations where the clinical and radiographic patterns are mixed and therefore the histopathological study is necessary for definitive diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and histopathological correlation in the diagnosis of periapical cysts and granulomas. For this, samples were selected obtained from histopathological reports of Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry of Pernambuco, FOP / UPE, during the period from 11/2005 to 05/2008. A total of 37 lesions distributed among periapical cysts and granulomas, were included in the study. Based on clinical, radiographic and intraoperative lesions, dentists provided diagnostic hypotheses, which were compared to histopathological diagnostic. Clinical findings revealed 28 cases (75.7%) of radicular cysts, 4 cases (10.8%) of granulomas alone, 4 cases (10.8%) with characteristics of both lesions, and 1 case (2.7 %) in which the dentist has not provided the diagnosis. However, the histopathological findings revealed 21 (56.8%) and 16 (43.2%) cysts and granulomas images, respectively. The results showed a 45.9% correlation between the findings for periapical cysts and 8.1% for periapical granulomas. Given the above, the discrepancy observed clinical findings compared to histopathology should be discussed as to the diagnostic criteria that have been used nowadays... (AU)

Extensive intraoral blue nevus--case report.

Nevus is a congenital pigmented malformation rarely found in the oral mucosa. Around one third of cases located in this anatomical region are of the blue type, a histological variant with considerable tendency to malignancy. This study reports the case of a male patient, chronic smoker, with a blue nevus measuring 5 cm in diameter on the hard palate. Since controversy exists in the literature regarding the incisional biopsy of pigmented lesions with malignant or malignant potential, excision without previous biopsy of the lesion was the therapy of choice for this case. The patient was followed-up for two years with no sign of recurrence or malignant transformation.