RESUMO
Olive oil consumption is protective against risk factors for cardiovascular and cancer diseases. A nutrigenomic approach was performed to assess whether changes in gene expression could occur in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after oli ve oil ingestion at postprandial state. Six healthy male volunteers ingested, at fasting state, 50 ml of olive oil. Prior to intervention a 1-week washout period with a controlled diet and sunflower oil as the only source of fat was followed. During the 3 days before and on the intervention day, a very low-phenolic compound diet was followed. At baseline (0 h) and at post-ingestion (6 h), total RNA was isolated and gene expression (29,082 genes) was evaluated by microarray. From microarray data, nutrient-gene interactions were observed in genes related to metabolism, cellular processes, cancer, and atherosclerosis (e.g. USP48 by 2.16; OGT by 1.68-fold change) and associated processes such as inflammation (e.g. AKAP13 by 2.30; IL-10 by 1.66-fold change) and DNA damage (e.g. DCLRE1C by 1.47; POLK by 1.44- fold change). When results obtained by microarray were verified by qRT-PCR in nine genes, full concordance was achieved only in the case of up-regulated genes. Changes were observed at a real-life dose of olive oil, as it is daily consumed in some Mediterranean areas. Our results support the hypothesis that postprandial protective changes related to olive oil consumption could be mediated through gene expression changes.
Assuntos
Gorduras Insaturadas na Dieta/farmacologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Período Pós-Prandial/genética , Adulto , Dano ao DNA/genética , Gorduras Insaturadas na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Inflamação/genética , Masculino , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Azeite de Oliva , Óleos de Plantas/administração & dosagem , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The recent description of a large amount of copy number variation (CNV) in the human genome has extended the concept of genome diversity. In this study we integrate the analysis of CNV and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human CCL4L chemokine gene. CCL4L is a nonallelic copy of CCL4/MIP-1beta chemokine and displays a CNV that also includes the CCL3L gene, a nonallelic copy of CCL3/MIP-1alpha. This CNV and two functionally relevant CCL4L SNPs (rs4796195 and rs3744595) have been recently associated to HIV pathology in three independent studies. We have quantified the CCL4L copy number and genotyped both SNPs in samples from HGDP-CEPH Diversity Panel. A strong correlation between CCL4L CNV and one of the SNPs analyzed is found, whereas no significant linkage disequilibrium is found between the two SNPs despite their close distance (647 bp), suggesting a recent appearance of the second SNP when the diversity in the first one and CNV had already been generated. The present study points out that in genes with CNV, it may be a key issue to combine the assessment of gene copy number with the genotyping of relevant SNPs to understand the phenotypic impact of genome variation in the immune response.
Assuntos
Quimiocina CCL4/genética , Dosagem de Genes , Variação Genética , Genética Populacional , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , África Subsaariana , Alelos , América , Povo Asiático/genética , Frequência do Gene , Heterogeneidade Genética , Genoma Humano , Heterozigoto , Humanos , OceaniaRESUMO
CLINICAL CASE: Patient with AIDS and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) uveitis. The PCR of the aqueous and vitreous humor was positive for EBV, and DNA quantification was 56.602×10(6) copies/ml in the vitreous humor, 173,400 copies/ml in the peripheral blood, and negative in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The patient developed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), diagnosed in the autopsy. CONCLUSION: The EBV is a rare cause of uveitis and it may be necessary to perform a quantitative PCR to reach the diagnosis. High amounts of EBV DNA are associated with a greater incidence of NHL.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/patologia , Linfoma Relacionado a AIDS/patologia , Linfoma de Células B/patologia , Pan-Uveíte/patologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/complicações , Adulto , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/virologia , Coriorretinite/tratamento farmacológico , Coriorretinite/patologia , DNA Viral/análise , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/tratamento farmacológico , Evolução Fatal , Ganciclovir/uso terapêutico , Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Linfoma Relacionado a AIDS/virologia , Linfoma de Células B/virologia , Masculino , Pan-Uveíte/tratamento farmacológico , Pan-Uveíte/virologia , VitrectomiaRESUMO
The principal goal of this paper is to present a numerical classification of the characteristics of symptoms and signs. This classification begins with the ICD9 code and takes into account the semiological aspects of the already mentioned symptoms an signs, in such a way, that a digit represents, in cases of abdominal pain, site, another: radiating to, and the followings: aggravating, relieving factors, progress, duration and type. This way of representing data, with only a digit for each characteristic facilitates registration and elaboration of data bases, as well as, electronic data interchange.