A phytoexclusion strategy for reducing contamination risk of rice based on low-Cd natural variations pyramid of root transporters.

Cadmium pollution in rice is a threat to human health. Phytoexclusion is an effective strategy to reduce the Cd accumulation. Soil-to-root is the first step of Cd entering rice and plays a crucial role in Cd accumulation, so targeting root transporters could be an effective approach for phytoexclusion. This study utilized single-gene & multi-gene joint haplotype analysis to reveal the law of natural variations. The result showed that natural variations of rice root transporters assembled regularly following a certain pattern, rather than randomly. A total of 3 dominant nature variation combinations with 2 high-Cd combinations and 1 low-Cd combination were identified. In addition, indica-japonica differentiation was observed, with indica germplasms harboring high-Cd combinations while japonica germplasms harboring. In Chinese rice landraces, most of the collected indica landraces contained high-Cd combinations, indicating a high Cd contamination risk in indica landraces in terms of both phenotype and genotype. To address this issue, multiple superior low-Cd natural variations were pyramided to create two new low-Cd germplasms. In both pond and farmland trials, the ameliorated rice grain Cd did not exceed safety standards. This research provided a framework for future phytoexclusion, thus to reduce Cd-contamination risk in soil-rice system.

A developed model of cancer patients participation in intravenous chemotherapy safety.

How to reduce intravenous chemotherapy-related adverse reactions of cancer patients is one focus of clinical work. Nowadays, patient for patient safety (PFPS) is an important component of hospital safety management and can contribute to a reduction in the rate of adverse events following intravenous chemotherapy of cancer patients. To guide and evaluate cancer patients participate in intravenous chemotherapy, we explored a scientific and practical model of cancer patients participation in intravenous chemotherapy safety. which can also guide nurse practitioners (NPs) practice. Based on a literature review and analysis of chemotherapy-associated adverse events from two large comprehensive hospitals, combined with the existing strategies for PFPS, the model of cancer patients participation in intravenous chemotherapy safety was drafted. Then we conducted two rounds of the Delphi-method questionnaire to revise the model. The two rounds Delphi questionnaire survey had a response rate of 82.36%. The authoritative coefficient was 0.87 and the coordination coefficients were 0.165 and 0.214, respectively. The proposed safety model included 3 first-order indicators, 8 second-order indicators, and 41 third-order indicators, including content of patients participation, responsibilities of medical personnel to assist cancer patients participation, and suggestions for guaranteeing implementation. Many NPs practice in a medical setting where cancer patients for patient safety behavior are blurred. The model of cancer patients participation in intravenous chemotherapy safety can guide NPs in their practice of promoting PFPS among cancer patients intravenous chemotherapy.