Monochromatic excimer light 308 nm in monotherapy and combined with topical khellin 4% in the treatment of vitiligo: a controlled study.

Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation disorder affecting 1-4% of the world's population. Conventional therapies include steroids, photosensitive topical agents, surgical treatments, and phototherapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of monochromatic excimer light 308 nm (MEL), both as a monotherapy and in combination with khellin 4% ointment in vitiligo. Forty-height patients (36 male and 12 female) affected with vitiligo were enrolled in this open prospective study. Patients were selected and divided into three groups: group I included 16 patients treated with MEL 308 nm once-weekly and oral vitamin E; group II included 16 patients treated with MEL 308 nm once-weekly combined with khellin 4% ointment (MEL-K) and oral vitamin E; group III (control group) included 16 patients treated only with oral vitamin E. Efficacy was assessed at the end of 12 weeks based on the percentage of repigmentation. Group I (MEL-group) showed a moderate repigmentation in 2/16 (12.5%) patients, good repigmentation in 10/16 (62.5%), and excellent repigmentation in 4/16 (25%) patients. Group II (MEL-K group) presented moderate repigmentation in 2/16 (12.5%) patients, good repigmentation in 5/16 (31.25%), and excellent repigmentation in 9/16 (56.25%). Group III (control group) showed a moderate repigmentation in 3/16 patients (18.75%), a good repigmentation in 1/16 (6.25%) patient, while 10/16 (62.5%) patients did not show signs of repigmentation. The clinical response achieved in group I and II was higher compared with group III (control group) without showing significant differences. MEL 308 nm, alone and/or combined with khellin 4% offered encouraging results and it may be considered a valid therapeutic option worthy of consideration in the treatment of vitiligo.

Efficacy of monochromatic excimer light (308 nm) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in adults and children.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the efficacy of light produced by a 308 nm xenon-chloride monochromatic excimer light (MEL) in the treatment of localized lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults and in children. BACKGROUND DATA: The 308-nm excimer light has been reported to be safe and effective in the treatment of chronic skin diseases, although the range of potential applications has not been fully explored. METHODS: Twelve adults and six children affected by localized lesions of AD were enrolled in this pilot study and treated with a weekly session of MEL. A range of 6-12 sessions was performed with an increasing dosage according to the patient's phototype and response. Follow-up was for 16 wk. RESULTS: All patients completed the protocol. At the end of treatment complete remission was observed in 12/18 patients (66.7%), a partial remission in 3/18 (16.7%) and no remission in 3/18 (16.7%). A mean total dose of 21.89 minimal erythemal dose (MED) was performed. Forty-four percent of patients maintained the results achieved at a 16-week follow-up. Treatment was well tolerated overall. CONCLUSIONS: MEL can be considered as a valid and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of localized AD in adults and children.

Monochromatic excimer light (308 nm) in the treatment of prurigo nodularis.

Three hundred and eight nanometre excimer light has been reported to be safe and effective in the treatment of chronic skin diseases, but the range of potential applications has not been fully explored. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of monochromatic excimer light (MEL) in the treatment of prurigo nodularis (PN). Eleven patients were enrolled in this pilot study. Patients were treated weekly and an average of eight sessions of MEL was given. Follow-up was 4 months. Partial or complete clinical and histological remission was observed in all patients who completed the study (81%).

Expression of T-plastin, FoxP3 and other tumor-associated markers by leukemic T-cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Peripheral blood cells from 28 patients with leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma including 25 patients with Sezary syndrome were evaluated for expression of regulatory T-cell-associated markers (FoxP3, CD25, CTLA-4, neurophilin-1), T-cell activation markers (CD28 and its ligands B7.1 and B7.2) and NK cell-associated markers (NKG2D and its ligands Mic-A and Mic-B) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. T-plastin served as a positive genetic marker, and its expression correlated to blood tumor burden. More than 90% of samples had transcripts for CD28 and Mic-B, but less than 30% of samples expressed FoxP3, CTLA-4 and CD25. Expression of Mic-B by neoplastic cells could provide another mechanism to inhibit anti-tumor immune responses. FoxP3 expression correlated with a poor prognosis. Although the underlying mechanisms accounting for this correlation remain unclear, the expression of the Foxp3 and CTLA-4 regulatory elements indicates that a subset of leukemic cases displays a regulatory T-cell phenotype.

Chemokine receptor expression by leukemic T cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: clinical and histopathological correlations.

Chemokine receptors expressed by normal and neoplastic lymphocytes provide an important mechanism for cells to traffic into the skin and skin-associated lymph nodes. The goal of this study was to correlate chemokine receptor and CD62L expression by circulating neoplastic T cells with the clinical and pathological findings of the leukemic phase of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, primarily Sézary syndrome (SS). Chemokine receptor mRNA transcripts were found in the majority of leukemic cells for CCR1, CCR4, CCR7, CCR10, CXCR3, and CD62L and in 20-50% of the samples for CXCR5. In patients with SS, relatively high expression levels of CCR7 and CCR10 by circulating neoplastic T cells correlated with epidermotropism, CXCR5 expression correlated with density of the dermal infiltrate, and CD62L correlated with extent of lymphadenopathy. Of note, CXCR5 expression and a dense dermal infiltrate correlated with a poor prognosis. The chemokine receptor profile supports the concept that neoplastic T cells are central memory T cells, and that CCR10 and CD62L play a fundamental role respectively in epidermotropism and lymphadenopathy that is observed in SS.