Pregnancy following diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review.

The aim of this review is to report the occurrence of pregnancies in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), naturally or with different treatments (hormonal replacement therapy, IVF, in-vitro maturation and stem cell therapy). This study involved an exhaustive search of the electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed and Embase covering the period January 2000 to January 2018. A combination of Medical Subject Heading and text words was used to generate a subset of citations, including studies involving POI ('premature menopause' or 'premature ovarian failure' or 'POI' or 'hypergonadotrophic amenorrhoea'). This subset of citations was then combined with 'AND' to the Medical Subject Heading term 'pregnancy'. Fifteen studies were included in this review. Two randomized controlled trials, two observational studies, and 11 interventional studies reporting cases of pregnancy in women with POI were included. This review reports pregnancy rates across studies ranging from 2.2% to 14.2%. Mean age in patients who achieved a pregnancy was 30 years, highlighting that oocyte quality in these patients is likely unaffected. No treatment has thus far shown its superiority in improving fertility in women with POI. Recent advances in options such as in-vitro maturation and stem-cell therapy, however, are likely to be the future of treatment and may generate new hope for these patients.

A common curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology for medical students globally.

OBJECTIVE: Global variations in women's health outcomes, increased international migration, and an increase in the number of medical schools underpin the need for global standardization in obstetrics and gynecology curricula for medical students. However, there are currently no recommendations regarding the content of a common curriculum. The aim of this project was to agree the objectives for a common curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology for medical students globally. METHODS: The curriculum was developed and agreed by an international taskforce of obstetricians and gynecologists. Published curricula for medical students in a variety of regions globally were reviewed and discussed, and the objectives for a common curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology for medical students were agreed by consensus. RESULTS: The content of the proposed curriculum is classified into three domains: clinical skills, professional behaviors, and knowledge. The recommended curriculum covers health conditions that affect women globally in different social and cultural contexts, and addresses important global health issues of relevance to obstetrics and gynecology. CONCLUSION: The methods and outcomes of a project by an international taskforce of obstetricians and gynecologists to develop a common curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology for medical students globally are presented. More work is required to identify ways in which the curriculum may be adapted to a minimum essential required curriculum in times of man-made or natural disasters. Achieving these will facilitate the intended long-term aims of this curriculum, to improve women's health outcomes globally.