RESUMO
Upon binding, ligands can chaperone their protein targets by preventing them from misfolding and aggregating. Thus, an organic molecule that works as folding chaperone for a protein might be its specific ligand, and, similarly, the chaperone potential could represent an alternative readout in a molecular screening campaign toward the identification of new hits. Here we show that small molecules selected for acting as pharmacological chaperones on a misfolded mutant of the Frizzled4 (Fz4) receptor bind and modulate wild-type Fz4, representing what are to our knowledge the first organic ligands of this until-now-undruggable GPCR. The novelty and the advantages of the screening platform, the allosteric binding site addressed by these new ligands and the mechanism they use to modulate Fz4 suggest new avenues for development of inhibitors of the Wnt-ß-catenin pathway and for drug discovery.
Assuntos
Receptores Frizzled/química , Chaperonas Moleculares/química , Sítio Alostérico , Motivos de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Desenho de Fármacos , Glicerol/química , Células HEK293 , Células HeLa , Humanos , Ligantes , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutagênese , Ligação Proteica , Dobramento de Proteína , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/químicaRESUMO
(Z)-Arylchlorooximes and α-isocyanoacetamides undergo a smooth reaction to produce 1,3-oxazol-2-oxime derivatives in good yields. Opening of the oxazole ring and deoximation reaction give a facile access to aryl-α-ketoamide amides, a class of privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and important synthetic intermediates in organic chemistry.
Assuntos
Amidas/síntese química , Nitrilas/química , Oxazóis/química , Oximas/síntese química , Amidas/química , Catálise , Estrutura Molecular , Oxazóis/síntese química , Oximas/químicaRESUMO
The first direct activator of BAX, a pro-apoptotic member of the BCL-2 family, has been recently identified. Herein, a structure-based lead optimization turned out into a small series of analogues, where 8 is the most potent compound published so far. 8 was used as pharmacological tool to ascertain, for the first time, the anticancer potential of BAX direct activators and the obtained results would suggest that BAX direct activators are potential future anticancer drugs rather than venoms.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Hidrazonas/química , Hidrazonas/farmacologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Pirazóis/química , Pirazóis/farmacologia , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Imunofluorescência , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Imunoprecipitação , Células Jurkat , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/fisiologiaRESUMO
A library of 41 aryloxyimino amides was prepared via solution phase parallel synthesis by extending the multicomponent reaction of (Z)-chlorooximes and isocyanides to the use of electron-deficient phenols. The resulting aryloxyiminoamide derivatives can be used as intermediates for the synthesis of benzo[d]isoxazole-3-carboxamides, dramatically reducing the number of synthetic steps required by other methods reported in literature.