[Research on the separability of steady-state visual evoked potential features modulated by different visual attentional states].

Attention can concentrate our mental resources on processing certain interesting objects, which is an important mental behavior and cognitive process. Recognizing attentional states have great significance in improving human's performance and reducing errors. However, it still lacks a direct and standardized way to monitor a person's attentional states. Based on the fact that visual attention can modulate the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), we designed a go/no-go experimental paradigm with 10 Hz steady state visual stimulation in background to investigate the separability of SSVEP features modulated by different visual attentional states. The experiment recorded the EEG signals of 15 postgraduate volunteers under high and low visual attentional states. High and low visual attentional states are determined by behavioral responses. We analyzed the differences of SSVEP signals between the high and low attentional levels, and applied classification algorithms to recognize such differences. Results showed that the discriminant canonical pattern matching (DCPM) algorithm performed better compared with the linear discrimination analysis (LDA) algorithm and the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) algorithm, which achieved up to 76% in accuracy. Our results show that the SSVEP features modulated by different visual attentional states are separable, which provides a new way to monitor visual attentional states.

[Study on fingerprints of the effective parts of fresh ginger by HPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the fingerprints of the effective parts of Fresh Ginger for the quality control. METHOD: The fin-gerprints of the effective parts of Fresh Ginger were established by HPLC. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Inertsil ODS-3 column (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 3 microm). The mobile phase consisted of acetontrile and water with gradient elution, the flow-rate was 0.2 ml/min and the UV absorbance detection was at 230 nm and 190 nm - 400 nm. The column temperature was at 30 degrees C and the detection time was 100 min. RESULTS: Under the selected chromatographic conditions, a good fingerprint of the effective parts of Fresh Ginger were obtained. CONCLUSION: The quality of the effective parts of Fresh Ginger can he controlled effectively by HPLC fingerprint.

[Influence of effective part of Zingiber officinal on expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and adhesion molecules].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of effective parts of Zingiber officinal (EPZ) on the adhesion of ECV-304 cells with monocytes cultivated in vitro and on the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and adhesion molecules. METHOD: The model of ECV-304 cell oxidative stress injury was established by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Then EPZ-contained blood serum was taken as experimental drug. The adherence of monocytes to endothelial cell were measured by method of rose Bengal. The total RNA of cells was extracted. The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and MCP-1 mRNA expression in cells were detected by RT-PCR. MCP-1 protein expression were detected by ELISA. RESULT: EPZ could decrease the adhesion of monocytes with ECV-304 cells obviously. Meanwhile it could diminish the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and MCP-1 in injured ECV-304 cells. CONCLUSION: EPZ could inhibit H2O2-induced ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and MCP-1 expression in ECV-304 and could inhibit the adherence of monocytes to endothelial cell, which may result in the protect effect in endothelial cells.

[Protective effect of effective parts of Zingiber Offecinal on vascular endothelium of the experimental hyperlipidemic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of effective parts of Zingiber Officinale on serum IL-6, TNF-alpha in oroler to investigate the protective effects of the effective parts of Zingiber Officinal (EPZ) on endothelium of the experimental hyperlipidemic rats and the mechanism of its effects. METHODS: The hyperlipidemia model of rats was constructed by feeding high-fat forage and filled with the effective parts of Zingiber Officinale 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg every day for 13 weeks. Blood was drawn to determine both the level of serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha. All the aortaes were taken to oberserve morphologic change and the intima-media thickness were detected. RESULTS: The effective parts of Zingiber Officinale could markedly decrease intima-media thickness, but had no marked influence in the level of serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha. CONCLUSION: The Effect Parts of Zingiber Officinale has the effect of protection of the endothelia of hyperlipidemia rats, which has nothing with the level of serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha.

[Photosynthetic pigment contents of different germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa and the relationship between pigments and leaf color].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa on the basis of photosynthetic pigment contents (PPC). METHOD: 20 cultivars were planted on the same condition. On Oct. 23 and Sept. 25, 3 leaves per cultivar were collected on different plants, and 80 mg mesophyll was collected among upper lateral veins and was ground in 96% alcohol, and the supernatant was subjected to measure on a spectrophotometer (Angilent 8453). RESULT: The PPCs among cultivars were significantly different at a P < or = 0.01 level. The results of the measurements were similar. Chlolophyll a was the most abundant pigment, but varied to a great extent among different cultivars. 20 cultivars were divided into 9 homogeneous groups according to the contents of chlorophyll a by Duncan's multiple range test at P < or = 0.05. In addition, the content of chlorophyll a was closely related to leaf color. The cultivars with higher chlolophyll a had deep green leaves, and those with lower had yellow green or pale green leaves. CONCLUSION: PPC was an inherent character and an important index for the germplasm evaluation of R. glutinosa.

[Development of high performance liquid chromatographic fingerprints of liposoluble constituents in donkey-hide glue and tortoise-shell glue].

A sensitive and specific method with high performance liquid chromatographic fingerprints was developed for controlling the quality of donkey-hide glue and tortoise-shell glue according to the liposoluble constituents. The samples were prepared with the liquid-liquid-liquid three-phase static extraction. The liposoluble constituents were analysed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with a gradient program and detected at 205 nm. The chromatograms were evaluated by similarity and cluster analysis. The common peaks of two glues were marked respectively. The differences between two glues were revealed by similarity and cluster analysis. The method has good repeatability and stability, and can be served as the means to identify different kinds of animal glue.