Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 7 de 7
Filtrar
1.
Clin Radiol ; 74(10): 816.e19-816.e28, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31421864

RESUMO

AIM: To test the network degeneration hypothesis in multiple sclerosis (MS) with a two-stage coordinate-based meta-analysis by: (1) characterising regional selectivity of grey matter (GM) atrophy and (2) testing for functional connectivity involving these regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Meta-analytic sources included 33 journal articles (1,666 MS patients and 1,269 healthy controls) with coordinate-based results from voxel-based morphometry analysis demonstrating GM atrophy. Mass univariate and multivariate coordinate-based meta-analyses were performed to identify a convergent pattern of GM atrophy and determine inter-regional co-activation (as a surrogate of functional connectivity), with anatomical likelihood estimation and functional meta-analytic connectivity modelling, respectively. RESULTS: Localised GM atrophy was demonstrated in the thalamus, putamen, caudate, sensorimotor cortex, insula, superior temporal gyrus, and cingulate gyrus. This convergent pattern of atrophy displayed significant inter-regional functional co-activations. CONCLUSION: In MS, GM atrophy was regionally selective, and these regions were functionally connected. The meta-analytic model-based results of this study are intended to guide future development of quantitative neuroimaging markers for diagnosis, evaluating disease progression, and monitoring treatment response.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Substância Cinzenta/diagnóstico por imagem , Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/patologia , Substância Cinzenta/patologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neuroimagem
2.
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res ; 103(8): 1265-1269, 2017 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28951280

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to delineate the anatomic relationship between the anterior articular capsule and the adjacent subscapularis by measuring the dimensions of the anterior articular capsule attachment and the subscapularis footprint on the humerus, as well as investigating the interface between the two structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three shoulder specimens underwent histological analysis; for histological analysis, cross-sections through the subscapularis-capsule complex were harvested at the tendinous and muscular insertion sites. The dimensions of the anterior articular capsule attachment and the subscapularis footprint (including the tendinous and muscular insertions) were measured in thirteen cadaveric shoulder specimens. RESULTS: Histologically, the articular capsule has thin and loosely arranged collagen fibers with many interspersing fibroblast nuclei, whereas the outer layer of the articular capsule blends into a layer of more loosely spaced and less organized collagen fibers. This interface between the subscapularis and the underlying articular capsule is filled with more loosely spaced and less organized collagen fibers. The macroscopic evaluation showed that the minimum articular capsule width (4.2mm, SD 2.2mm) was located at its initiation 4.9mm (SD, 2.1mm) inferior to the superior margin of the subscapularis; the corresponding subscapularis footprint width measured 10.1mm (SD, 4.9mm). The maximum articular capsule width was11.1 mm (SD, 3.7mm) and was located 5mm distal to the inferior margin of the tendinous footprint. The maximum subscapularis footprint width was 15.8mm (SD, 2.9mm); the corresponding articular capsule attachment measured 5.2mm (SD, 1.8mm). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the anterior articular capsule attachment of the glenohumeral joint complements the footprint of the subscapularis and occupies a larger area of the lesser tubercle and metaphysis of the humerus than previously documented. The histological study confirms the presence of a demarcation between the subscapularis and articular capsule, specifically more significant at the region medial to the tendon insertion and at the muscular insertion of the subscapularis.


Assuntos
Cápsula Articular/anatomia & histologia , Manguito Rotador/anatomia & histologia , Articulação do Ombro/anatomia & histologia , Idoso , Cadáver , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
3.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 17(1): 157-60, 1996 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8770269

RESUMO

Three cases of cerebral lymphoma in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is presented. They are remarkable for their extremely rapid progression, which simulated an infectious processes during trials of antitoxoplasma therapy. Fourteen days of therapy are generally required to assess a negative response. However, earlier biopsies and shorter therapeutic trials may be indicated in these patients.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Linfoma Relacionado a AIDS/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/patologia , Adulto , Encéfalo/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Seguimentos , Humanos , Linfoma Relacionado a AIDS/patologia , Masculino , Toxoplasmose Cerebral/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmose Cerebral/patologia
4.
Magn Reson Imaging ; 7(6): 635-42, 1989.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2630846

RESUMO

A retrospective review of 21 patients with lesions involving the fourth ventricle was performed to determine the relative capability of computed tomography (CT) and MR for detection, characterization, localization, and diagnosis. Lesions involving the fourth ventricle included ependymoma (three), subependymoma (one), glioma (five), cysticercosis cyst (three), medulloblastoma (three), bleeding into the fourth ventricle (two), epidermoid cyst (two), "trapped" fourth ventricle (one), and lymphomatoid granuloma (one). Posterior fossa lesions that displaced but did not invade the fourth ventricle were excluded. Lesion detectability on CT was judged excellent in ten, good in 8, and fair or poor in 3. Detectability of lesions by MR was judged excellent in 16 and good in 5. There was complete agreement on lesion extension between CT and MR in 6 lesions, mild disagreement in 4, and moderate to significant disagreement in 11. Preoperatively, MR alone correctly diagnosed seven lesions, and CT alone correctly diagnosed three lesions. A review of the combined scans (after the correct diagnosis was given) showed both CT and MR were equal in the diagnosis of 14 lesions, MR better than CT in six, and CT better in one. There was complete agreement on both CT and MR with the surgical/pathologic findings in three lesions. Both studies proved disappointing in their ability to make the correct histologic diagnosis, probably because CT and MR characteristics may not always offer a definitive diagnosis and because of the wide spectrum of pathologic processes that may involve the fourth ventricle.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Ventrículos Cerebrais/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Ventrículo Cerebral/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Ventrículo Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Ventriculografia Cerebral , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Cisticercose/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Malformações Arteriovenosas Intracranianas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR ; 19(2): 133-53, 1998 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9567319

RESUMO

The central nervous system is commonly involved in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), resulting in a variety of lesions and diseases. They can be divided into the primary effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), opportunistic infections, tumors, and vascular disease. This article is a review of the major imaging findings observed in each disease, with clinical and pathological correlations relevant to the goal of differential diagnosis.


Assuntos
Complexo AIDS Demência/diagnóstico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/patologia , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Complexo AIDS Demência/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Lactente , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
7.
J Clin Microbiol ; 38(4): 1672-5, 2000 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10747167

RESUMO

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is the second most frequently encountered species of the anaerobes isolated from clinical specimens. We developed a PCR-based assay for the rapid identification of B. thetaiotaomicron. Specific primers were based on shared amplicons of about 1.2 kb generated from B. thetaiotaomicron by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA. This 1.2-kb fragment was sequenced and then used to design a set of PCR amplification primers. This PCR generated an amplification product of 721 bp, which was unique to all 65 isolates of B. thetaiotaomicron tested. There was no amplification with isolates of other bacterial species. Restriction enzyme digestion of the amplification product and dot blot hybridization further verified the specificity of the assay. These results suggest that this PCR assay targets a nucleotide sequence that is strongly conserved in B. thetaiotaomicron. This simple and rapid PCR assay provides a rapid and accurate method for identification of B. thetaiotaomicron and shows promise for the detection of B. thetaiotaomicron in clinical samples.


Assuntos
Infecções por Bacteroides/microbiologia , Bacteroides/classificação , Bacteroides/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Primers do DNA , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Especificidade da Espécie
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA